1 Chapter 8 – Protecting Occupationally D. Increases 100 times Exposed Radiologic Personnel 5. Which of the following adjustments in technical 1. Which of the following imaging procedures increase the radiographer's risk of exposure? 1. C-arm fluoroscopy 2. Interventional procedures that employ high-level- exposure factors decrease the production of scattered radiation? A. Decrease kVp and increase mAs in compensation B. Decrease kVp and decrease mAs control fluoroscopy 3. Mobile examinations A. 1 and 2 only B. 1 and 3 only C. 2 and 3 only D. 1, 2, and 3 2. Because occupational exposure of the radiographer can be kept as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) through individual monitoring and other protective measures and devices and because exposure from radiation-related jobs will not alter the ______________________, radiation workers may C. Increase kVp and decrease mAs in compensation D. Increase kVp and increase mAs 6. During which of the following radiologic examinations should a radiographer always wear a thyroid shield? A. Fluoroscopy and special procedures B. Routine mobile radiographic procedures C. General diagnostic radiographic procedures D. Computed tomographic procedures receive a larger equivalent dose than members of the general population. A. Mean glandular dose B. Genetically significant dose C. Mean active bone marrow D. Tissue tolerance dose 7. While standing behind the control-booth barrier, a radiographer makes a radiographic exposure. The x-rays scattered from the patient's body should __________________. A. Not have enough remaining energy to reach the control-booth barrier 3. In terms of occupational risk, radiography may be compared with the occupational risk associated with which of the following? A. Extremely hazardous industries B. Other industries considered reasonably safe, such as government or trade B. Scatter only once before reaching any area behind the control-booth barrier C. Scatter a minimum of 2 times before reaching any area behind the control-booth barrier D. Scatter a minimum of 10 times before reaching any area behind the control-booth barrier C. A nuclear war D. A radiation accident such as the Chernobyl nuclear power disaster 8. Which of the following is another term for use factor (U)? A. Workload factor 4. Whenever scattered radiation decreases, the radiographer's exposure ___________. A. Decreases B. Increases slightly B. Occupancy factor in controlled and uncontrolled areas C. Beam direction factor D. Protective barrier thickness consideration factor C. Remains the same Mosby, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2002 by Mosby, Inc. 2 9. The annual effective dose limit allowed for individual B. 100 microsievert (10 mrem) members of the general public not occupationally C. 20 microsievert (2 mrem) exposed is __________ for continuous or frequent D. 2 microsievert (0.2 mrem) exposures from artificial sources other then medical irradiation and natural background and _________ for 14. When a radiologic technologist tells her employer that infrequent annual exposure. she is pregnant, which of the following is likely? A. 1 mSv (0.1 rem), 5 mSv (0.5 rem) B. 3 mSv (0.3 rem), 7 mSv (0.5 rem) A. Her employer terminates her employment until after her child is born C. 5 mSv (0.5 rem), 9 mSv (0.9 rem) B. She is able to continue her employment but is not D. 50 mSv (5 rem), 25 mSv (2.5 rem) permitted to perform any radiologic procedures during her pregnancy 10. A protective curtain or sliding panel of a minimal C. Her employer requires her to take a leave of thickness of 0.25-mm lead equivalent should be absence until after the completion of the first trimester of positioned between the fluoroscopist and the patient to the pregnancy and then return to her normal duties intercept which of the following? D. She continues to perform her duties without A. Primary radiation interruption of employment, provided that she has B. Scattered radiation received radiation safety counseling and follows C. Remnant radiation established radiation safety practices D. Useful radiation 15. Which part(s) of a diagnostic x-ray unit should a 11. If the intensity of the x-ray beam is inversely radiographer avoid touching while a radiographic proportional to the square of the distance from the exposure is in progress? source, how does the intensity of the x-ray beam change A. Control panel when the distance from that source of radiation is tripled? B. Exposure switch A. It increases by a factor of 3 at the new distance C. Kilovoltage control on the control panel only B. It increases by a factor of 9 at the new distance D. Tube housing, collimator, and high-tension C. It decreases by a factor of 9 at the new distance cables D. It decreases by a factor of 3 at the new distance 16. When doors to radiographic and fluoroscopic rooms 12. What is the term for the proportional amount of time are closed during radiation exposures, a substantial during which the x-ray beam is energized or directed degree of protection is provided for persons in areas toward a particular barrier? adjacent to the room door. This is because in most A. Occupancy factor facilities room doors have attenuation for diagnostic B. Workload factor energy x-ray equivalent to that provided by ________ C. Distance factor inch of lead. D. Use factor A. 1/2 B. 1/4 13. The maximum weekly permitted equivalent dose for a C. 1/16 controlled area must not exceed: D. 1/32 A. 1000 microsievert (100 mrem) Mosby, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2002 by Mosby, Inc. 3 17. When the time spent in a higher-radiation area is C. 0.35 mm reduced or limited, occupational exposure: D. 0.50 mm A. Is also reduced B Is increased 22. _____________ is the radiation output weighted time C. Remains the same during the week that the x-ray unit is actually delivering D. None of the above radiation. A. Control designation 18. Diagnostic imaging personnel receive the highest B. Occupancy occupational exposure during: C. Use factor 1. Fluoroscopy D. Workload 2. Mobile radiography 3. Special procedures 23. To ensure that the lifetime risk of occupationally A. 1 only exposed persons remains acceptable, the lifetime B. 2 only effective dose in mSv should not exceed: C. 3 only D. 1, 2, and 3 A. The occupationally exposed person's age in years B. 5 times the occupationally exposed person's age 19. If the peak energy of the x-ray beam is 100 kVp, a protective lead apron must be the equivalent of which of the following measures? A. A 0.25-mm thickness of lead B. A 0.5-mm thickness of lead in years C. 10 times the occupationally exposed person's age in years D. 20 times the occupationally exposed person's age in years C. A 1.0-mm thickness of lead D. A 1.5-mm thickness of lead 24. Secondary radiation includes: 1. Leakage radiation 20. For C-arm devices with similar fields of view, the 2. Primary radiation dose rate to personnel located within a meter of the 3. Scatter radiation patient is: A. 1 and 2 only A. Comparable to that of routine fixed fluoroscopy B. 1 and 3 only B. Far greater than the dose rate of routine fixed C. 2 and 3 only fluoroscopy D. 1, 2, and 3 C. Significantly less than the dose rate of routine fluoroscopy D. Comparable to that of high-level-control fluoroscopy 25. Who should determine the exact shielding requirements for a particular imaging facility? A. Administrator of the facility B. Qualified medical physicist 21. Protective eyeglasses with optically clear lenses C. Radiologist should contain a minimal lead equivalent protection of: D. Radiographer A. 0.15 mm B. 0.25 mm Mosby, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2002 by Mosby, Inc. 4 Chapter 8. 1. D 15. D 2. B 16. D 3. B 17. A 4. A 18. D 5. C 19. A 6. A 20. A 7. C 21. C 8. C 22. D 9. A 23. C 10. B 24. B 11. C 25. B 12. D 13. A 14. D Mosby, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2002 by Mosby, Inc.