Problem P1.L1 - Liquid and Gas Mixer Experiment
Analytical Instruments
In any laboratory experiment, you need to measure the state of material, which is composed of one or more
chemical compounds (or components). For example, a gas mixture contains carbon dioxide (CD), oxygen
(O2), and nitrogen (N2), where the number of components is three (nc = 3). A liquid mixture contains
isoproponal (IP) and water (WA), where the number of components is two (nc = 2).
The process state of a material (i.e., its temperature, pressure, amount, and composition of chemical
components) is what you need to measure in an experiment. Amount is mass flow, mole flow, or volume
flow rate for material in motion; otherwise, it is just mass, mole, or volume for stationary material.
Composition is the mass fractions, mole fractions, volume fractions, or concentrations of the chemical
components. Once you measure one flow rate and one composition set, you can calculate the others from
those equations defined in your mathematical model for this experiment.
All process state quantities, often called parameters, are not measured directly. They are measured
indirectly through some mechanical means. For each experiment in CHEG 200, your team needs to
identify and document the analytical instruments that will be used to measure temperature, pressure,
amount, and composition. Furthermore, all members of your team must be able to explain what principle
each instrument uses to measure a quantity indirectly; that is, through some calibration curve like millivolts verses temperature. Below, your team can find reference source to understand the needed analytical
instruments.
Gas Mixer Experiment
Parameter
Instrument(s)
Temperature
thermocouple
Pressure
bourdon gauge
Flow Rate
pressure probe
rotameters
Composition
thermal flowmeter
gas chromatograph
References
Felder and Rousseau, 3rd Ed., Problem 3.50
Visual Encyclopedia of ChE Equipment, CD-ROM†
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermocouple
Felder and Rousseau, 3rd Ed., Page 57
Visual Encyclopedia of ChE Equipment, CD-ROM†
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourdon_gauge#Bourdon
Manual at Membrane Equipment in Dana 033
Visual Encyclopedia of ChE Equipment, CD-ROM†
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotameter
Manual at Membrane Equipment in Dana 033
Felder and Rousseau, 3rd Ed., Problems 3.25, .26
Visual Encyclopedia of ChE Equipment, CD-ROM†
Liquid Mixer Experiment
Parameter
Instrument(s)
Temperature
thermometer
Pressure
barometer
Flow Rate
rotameters
Composition
refractometer
References
Visual Encyclopedia of ChE Equipment, CD-ROM†
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermometer
Find meter with its manual in Dana 033
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barometer
Visual Encyclopedia of ChE Equipment, CD-ROM†
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotameter
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractometer
Team needs to prepare two calibration curves.
†
This CD-ROM is available in the Felder and Rousseau textbook, 3 rd Ed., 2005.
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