BIOLOGY 20
UNIT B REVIEW
Use the following information to answer the next question.
Evidence Supporting the Theory of Evolution
1
3
5
Embryology
Bibliography
Biochemistry
2
4
6
Biogeography
Comparative Anatomy
Geology
Numerical Response
1.
Fossils provide evidence that supports the theory of evolution. What forms of
indirect evidence can be used from the list above to further support the theory
of evolution?
Answer: _____ _____ _____
1.
Which of the following is NOT one of the distinct ideas in the Theory of Natural
Selection?
a.
c.
2.
b.
d.
Immense time
Speciation
In which biome are the producers mainly lichens and shrubs?
a.
c.
3.
Competition
Variation
Grassland
Temperate deciduous
b.
d.
Taiga
Tundra
Which of the following could be considered as the only unnecessary constituent
of a biological community?
a.
c.
Green plants
Decomposers
b.
d.
Sunlight
Animal consumers
Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
In the 19th century, the light-coloured peppered moth had pigmentation very similar to the lichens on
the tree barks on which it rested. Because they rested on these lichens, the moths were hard to see
and therefore protected from predatory birds. During the industrial revolution many parts of
England became covered with coal dust, soot and other dirt.
4.
Which form of the peppered moth would be most likely to survive this change in
the environment?
a.
c.
5.
Lichen coloured moths
All forms would survive equally well
natural selection
analogous structures
b.
d.
convergent evolution
overpopulation
The human embryo and all other vertebrate embryos have gill slits. This best
supports the following idea:
a.
b.
c.
d.
7.
b.
d.
The peppered moth adaptation is an example of:
a.
c.
6.
Light coloured moths
Dark coloured moths
Fish are humans’ closest relatives
The embryo breathes underwater
All vertebrates are related
Fish are in the same genus as man
A population is a group of organisms that
a.
c.
occupy the same range
are able to interbreed because
of genetic similarities
b.
d.
interbreed in natural settings
does not have a tendency to
migrate
8.
If there were no variations among organisms of a species, new species would
a.
c.
9.
not be produced
become better adapted to new
environments
b.
d.
become larger in body size
be produced by natural
selection
A rat loses its tail after being bitten by a hungry cat. Those who believe that the
rat’s offspring will be born without tails are following the theory of
a.
c.
natural selection
mutation
b.
d.
survival of the fittest
acquired traits
Use the following information to answer the next question.
Types of Population Interactions
1
2
3
Predation
Parasitism
Competition
Numerical Response
2.
Dutch elm is a fungal organism which is carried from one tree to another by
bark beetles. The fungus causes leaves to wilt and then kills the trees. This
population interaction is an example of:
Answer:
10.
____________
Over the ages, desert camels have developed broad, padded feet. Charles
Darwin would account for this by stating the following:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Camels needed these specialized feet to survive on the desert.
Camels broadened their feet by walking on them in the desert.
Camels with naturally broader feet would be more likely to survive and
reproduce.
Camels that broadened their feet by walking had offspring with broad
feet.
11.
All members of the species Homo sapiens are grouped together because they
a.
b.
c.
d.
are similar in appearance
show only slight differences in skull shape
show only slight differences in texture and distribution of body hair
can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Use the following diagram to answer the next question.
12.
The change in beaks within the population of finches over time may be best
described by which term?
a.
c.
Divergent evolution
Analogous evolution
b.
d.
Convergent evolution
Homologous evolution
Use the following diagram to answer the next two questions.
13.
The forelimbs of several representative vertebrates are compared above. All the
vertebrates above show the same origin of bone structure implying that all
these organisms
a.
b.
c.
d.
14.
Structures that have the same origin and possibly the same function are said to
be
a.
15.
evolved from a common ancestor
evolved from a common species
evolved from a common kingdom
evolved from a common environment
analogous
b.
homologous c.
adaptive d. vestigial
Public pressure against logging in Wood Buffalo National Park reflects the
increased public understanding of ecological principles. Environmental activists
oppose clear-cutting logging practises, in part, because reforestation after
cutting leads to a monoculture which might NOT
a.
c.
limit niche factors
remove abiotic factors
b.
d.
restore species diversity
reduce habitat tolerance
Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
Method Used to Identify A Tree
1a.
b.
2a.
b.
3a.
b.
4a.
b.
16.
The tree has needles………………………………………………………………… go to 2
The tree has leaves…………………………………………………………………… go to 5
The needles are in bundles………………………………………………………… go to 3
The needles are scale-like…………………………………………………….. white cedar
There are 5 needles …………………………………………………………….. white pine
There are 2 needles…………………………………………………………………… go to 4
The needles are thick and spread away from each other………………… jack pine
The needles are long and thin………………………………………………………red pine
The tree identified above is
a.
c.
17.
b.
d.
white pine
red pine
The method used above to identify the tree is called a:
a.
c.
18.
white cedar
jack pine
questionnaire
dichotomous key
b.
d.
taxonomy key
dichotomous catalogue
Using the system of classification, the third category after beginning at the top
would be
a.
Phylum
b. Genus
c. Order
d. Class
19.
Fossils provide evidence for:
a.
b.
c.
d.
20.
Which of the following is not an example of behavioural adaptation?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
21.
b.
d.
a habitat
a food chain
spruce and fir
oak and maple
b.
d.
poplar and willow
algae
If an organism is profundal, it lives in
a.
24.
a population
a community
The main vegetation in the taiga forest is
a.
c.
23.
A dog enjoying human companionship
A bird pretending to have a broken wing
A Venus flytrap catching a fly
A bear hibernating for the winter
All of the above
Individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time is an
example of:
a.
c.
22.
The study of evolution
Species which have gone extinct
Organisms that have undergone very little change over long periods of
time
All of the above
a forest
b. a lake
c. a rainforest
d. a desert
Which of the following is the most vulnerable biome?
a.
grassland
b. tundra
c. desert
d. rainforest
25.
The interaction of a community with its physical environment is a(n)
a.
26.
niche
b. habitat
c. biome
d. ecosystem
Certain bacteria cause tuberculosis by consuming large areas of lung tissue. The
relationship demonstrated is
a.
c.
competition
predation
b.
d.
parasitism
mutualism
Use the following to answer the next two questions.
Birds such as thrushes prey on snails by cracking open shells on a stone. Broken
shells collected from around such a stone situated in rough grassland were
found to be pink and unbanded. However, most of the living snails in the area
were found to have yellow, banded shells.
27.
The best explanation for this finding is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
28.
the yellow, banded snails mimic a poisonous snail and were not selected
by the thrushes
the pink, unbanded snails are camouflaged and were not seen by the
students who collected data
the yellow, banded snails are camouflaged and have a selective
advantage, gradually becoming more common
the yellow, banded snails are most visible and were easily observed by
the students collecting data
In a grassland area which was heavily grazed, the populations of pink shell and
yellow shell snails were approximately equal. A reasonable explanation for this
would be:
a.
b.
c.
d.
shorter vegetation reduced the cover for the snails and both types were
equally conspicuous to predators
both varieties were equally difficult to see against the depleted
vegetation
reduced grassland has limited the food available to both varieties equally
both varieties were increased by the open spaces produced by the heavy
grazing.
Use the following information to answer the next question.
Dodos were large flightless birds that lived on the island of Mauritius in the Indian
Ocean. Spice traders slaughtered them for food in the thousands, until 1681, when
dodos became extinct. Calvaria trees also grow on Mauritius. The only calvaria
trees currently growing are older than 300 years. The remains of calvaria nuts have
been found within dodo skeletons.
29.
It is reasonable to conclude that
a.
b.
c.
d.
30.
Parts of organs of similar origin and structure by could differ in function are
known as
a.
c.
31.
vestigial
analogous
b.
d.
homologous
mutations
The biome where most of the consumers spend their time above ground in the
trees is found in
a.
c.
32.
calvaria seeds can only germinate if they pass through the digestive
system of a dodo.
The climate of Mauritius has changed, and this is why the dodo became
extinct and calvaria trees can not reproduce
Calvaria seeds can only germinate if there is a dead dodo to provide
fertilizer
Calvaria seeds can only germinate if a dodo carries the seeds away from
the parent tree
grasslands
tropical rainforest
b.
d.
tundra
deciduous forest
The terrestrial biome that is restricted to equatorial regions is the
a.
c.
desert
tropical rainforest
b.
d.
taiga
lentic zone
33.
If a species lives in an area which for centuries has been inhabited by a large
number of predators and if this species has no means of defence other than
running, you would expect that the members of this species would
a.
b.
c.
d.
34.
The snowshoe hare is a mammal found throughout Alberta in wooded and
bushy areas. In winter its fur is white but in summer it is a grizzled brown.
Which of the following statements would most accurately explain this
phenomenon?
a.
b.
c.
d.
35.
White fur keeps the hare warm in winter by reflecting the cold
The hare likes to change its colour twice yearly
White and brown mammals are best suited for life in bushy areas
The colour change gives the hare greater protection
Which of the following is an example of natural selection?
a.
b.
c.
d.
36.
develop stronger legs because of excessive use
be killed if they were slow, allowing natural selection to occur
develop longer legs because of much use
mutate in such a way as to cause longer legs to be produced in response
to the animal’s needs
When the food supply grew scarce, giraffes developed longer necks to
reach the higher leaves on the trees.
Penicillin was introduced into a bacterial culture. The most resistant
bacteria survived and produced offspring resistant to penicillin.
Even though Weissmann cut off the tails of mice, succeeding
generations of mice were born with tails.
As the earth’s climate became colder, woolly mammoths adapted by
growing thicker coats of fur.
The present-day horse is much larger than its original ancestors. Which
statement below helps to explain this change, based on Lamarck’s reasoning?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sometime in the past a mutation occurred.
Larger horses survived, smaller ones perished, thus leaving bigger horses
Larger horses produced more offspring than smaller horses, thus
changing the genetic make-up of each population.
Early horses had to become larger because they needed longer legs and
stronger muscles to outrun predators.
37.
An adaptation improves the chances of
a.
c.
38.
b.
d.
digestion of food
horse’s hoof
woodpecker’s beak
migration
b.
d.
muscular contraction
anteater’s tongue
mimicry
convergent evolution
b.
d.
warning colouration
cryptic colouration
In mimicry
a.
b.
c.
d.
43.
hibernation
circulation of blood
After the industrial revolution in England around 1850, the peppered moth
evolved to a blacker colour. This change in colouration is an example of
a.
c.
42.
in one generation’s time
as a result of a plan
from a non-sensory structure
from a less complex structure
Which of the following is an example of a physiological adaptation?
a.
c.
41.
reproduction
neither a, b, or c
Which of the following is an example of a morphological adaptation?
a.
c.
40.
b.
d.
A complex structure such as the eye probably evolved
a.
b.
c.
d.
39.
survival
both survival and reproduction
model is distasteful, mimic is not
model is not distasteful, mimic is
both model and mimic are distasteful
neither model nor mimic is distasteful
Most important in the evolution of the many species of Galapagos finches was
a.
c.
similarity of environments
reproductive isolation
b.
d.
geographic isolation
convergence
44.
In order for an ancestral species to evolve into new species
a.
c.
45.
no interbreeding must occur
b. gene pools must be separated
adaptive radiation must occur d. both a and b are correct
Galapagos finches could not have evolved on the South American mainland
because
a.
b.
c.
d.
the ecological niches were filled
there was no source of variation
there was insufficient food
there were no predators
Use the following to answer the next five questions.
A
C
Darwin only
both Darwin and Lamarck
B
D
Lamarck only
neither Darwin nor Lamarck
46.
Which biologist would have said that modern giraffes are descendants of shortnecked ancestors?
47.
Which biologist would have said that two mice whose tails had been cut off
should produce offspring with short tails?
48.
Which biologist devised a hypothesis which implied that information is
transmitted from body cells to sex cells (i.e. sperm and egg)?
49.
In man, the appendix and baby toe are examples of
a.
c.
50.
homologous structures
vestigial organs
b.
d.
natural selection
mutations
What is the basic idea of the term evolution?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Man’s ancestors were monkeys.
Gradual changes in a species can occur through time.
There will be no new species in the future
New species are arising continuously