METHODICAL INSTRUCTIONS
FOR INDIVIDUAL WORK OF THE STUDENTS
IN PREPARATION FOR PRACTICAL CLASS
Subject
Topic
NEUROLOGY
Perinatal lesions of nervous system
Year
IV
Faculty
Medical
1. Topicality: Perinatal lesions of nervous system appear as a result of cerebral lesion during
intrauterine development, at the time of labor, or during the first weeks of life. The prevalence of
such diseases determines the necessity of their learning and revealing with the purpose of
conducting of rehabilitative medical and socially-renewing events, provision of an opportunity
for such patients to study and to works afterwards. The timely diagnostics of perinatal lesions of
nervous system gives an opportunity to treat children more successfully, to decrease
incapacitation of the patients. The knowledge of etiological and pathogenetic factors of this
pathology development will make it possible to conduct effective prophylactic events. That is
why the knowledge of the problem of perinatal lesions of nervous system is obligatory for
doctors of any specialty.
2. Specific purposes:
1. To master the principles of classification of perinatal lesions of nervous system.
2 To interpret clinical peculiarities in perinatal lesions of nervous system.
3. To interpret forms of infantile cerebral paralysis.
4. To make schemes of treatment, prophylactic of perinatal lesions of nervous system.
3. Basic knowledge, skills, competences necessary for learning the topic:
№
Subject
Information to learn
1
Anatomy
The anatomy of brain and spinal cord, brain membranes
2
Physiology
3
Pathological Anatomy
4
Pathophysiology
5
Microbiology
6
Pharmacology
Physiology of pyramidal, extrapyramidal cerebellar
system. Medullispinal liquid, its composition and
circulation.
Stages of traumatic, ischemic processes, morphological
changes in the nervous system during traumatic, ischemic
processes.
Etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory, traumatic
vascular diseases of nervous system, pathological
syndromes of liquor system abnormalities.
Characteristics of causative agents of inflammatory
diseases of the nervous system.
Principles of treatment of inflammatory diseases,
traumatic, vascular diseases of nervous system.
Medicines of such groups as antibiotics, diuretics,
anticholinestherous, nootropic, vitamins..
4. Assignments for individual work during preparation for the classes:
The list of basic terms, characteristics, which students must learn during the preparation
for the classes:
- Peripheral paresis
- Central paresis
- Bulbar syndrome
- Pseudo bulbar syndrome
- Hyperkinetic syndrome
- Liquor-hypertensive syndrome
- Hydrocephalic syndrome
The list of theoretical questions:
1. Etiological factors (intrauterine, labor trauma, cerebral lesions in early postnatal
period).
2. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (acute period, restoration period).
3. Infantile cerebral paralysis, clinical forms – spastic, hemiplegic, atactic, quadriplegic,
hyperkinetic. Diagnostics, treatment (drug, non-drug) and prophylactic.
The list of practical skills that are to be mastered at the classes:
1. Individual supervision of the patients with neurological pathology with making a case history.
2. Definition of the dominant neurological syndrome in the patient.
3. Verification of a topical diagnosis in the examined patient (if necessary).
4. Conducting differential diagnostics.
5. Verification of the stated clinical diagnosis.
6. Definition of a disease etiology, peculiarities of pathogenesis, its development and
complications in the examined patient.
7.
Verification of the treatment administered to the patient
8. Definition of the prognosis of disease development in the given patient.
5. Students’ self-preparation curriculum:
1. To learn theoretical questions of the topic
2. To know the methodic of examination of neurological status.
3. To see the tests situational tasks. (the collection of tests and tasks).
6. Materials for self-control
1. To draw the table with main clinical forms, stages, symptoms and syndromes, methods of
diagnostics and treatment of perinatal lesions of nervous system.
2. To give correct answers to tests and situational tasks of the topic.
Information Sources
Lecture
1. Shcrobot S.I., Hara I.I. Neurology in lecture (Selected lectures) . Ternopil, TSMU,
«Ukrmedknyha», 2008. 319 p.
2. Reinhard Rohkamm. Color Atlas of Neurology © 2004 Thieme. 440 p.
3. Crash course Neurology by Anish Bahra and Katia Cikurel. Copyright 2006, Elsevier,
Inc. 244 p.
4. Adams and Victors. Principles of neurology. © 2005 McGraw-Hill . Medical Publishing
Division.
5. Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Review 2006-2007. Chapter 18. Editor-in-Chief Thomas
M. Habermann, MD