NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS CURRICULUM SUPPORT Mathematics Lifeskills Mathematics Advice and Guidance for Practitioners [NATIONAL 4] This advice and guidance has been produced to support the profession with the delivery of courses which are either new or which have aspects of significant change within the new national qualifications (NQ) framework. The advice and guidance provides suggestions on approaches to learning and teaching. Practitioners are encouraged to draw on the materials for their own part of their continuing professional development in introducing new national qualifications in ways that match the needs of learners. Practitioners should also refer to the course and unit specifications and support notes which have been issued by the Scottish Qualifications Authority. http://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/34714.html Acknowledgement © Crown copyright 2012. You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/ or e-mail: psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. Any enquiries regarding this document/publication should be sent to us at enquiries@educationscotland.gov.uk. This document is also available from our website at www.educationscotland.gov.uk. 2 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 Contents Introduction 4 Appendix: Further resources for learning and teaching LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 25 3 INTRODUCTION Introduction Lifeskills Mathematics aims to motivate and challenge learners by enabling them to apply real-life situations involving mathematics and to form a plan of action based on logic. This advice and guidance offers practitioners suggested approaches to delivering Lifeskills Mathematics at National 4. It includes approaches to learning and teaching that practitioners may wish to consider when planning contexts for learning. Effective learning and teaching will draw on a variety of approaches to enrich the experience of learners. In particular, approaches that provide opportunities for the integration of financial, statistical and numerical skills within real-life situations will help to motivate and challenge learners. This advice and guidance offers practitioners suggestions on approaches to teaching and learning in Maths and Lifeskills Mathematics at National 4. Opportunities for the integration of financial, statistical and numerical skills within relevant real-life situations and contexts should be developed with learners. This advice and guidance highlights a variety of teaching approaches that may be appropriate to learners. National 4 Lifeskills Mathematics provides progression for learners from the broad, general education. There are many ways in which this learning journey can develop, and you will know best how to plan learning and teaching that meets the needs of your learners. By planning opportunities for skills development in context you may find that the learners’ interests, strengths, prior learning and locality, as well as local, national and global events, lend themselves to progressing the learning in different ways from the suggestions within this advice and guidance. Ideas for learning and teaching can be adapted to allow development and application of 4 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 INTRODUCTION skills for learning, life and work, or to incorporate ICT and take account of a range of learners’ needs. Glow provides an opportunity for learners to work together across geographical areas. LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 5 INTRODUCTION Area of mathematics Learning and teaching approaches Resources and exemplification Financial skills and links to numeracy skills Prior learning Links to broad general education MNU 3-09a, MNU 3-09b, MNU 4-09a, MNU 4-09b, MNU 4-09c Experience from learners’ own lives. Cheers for credit unions! This resource is available on the Education Scotland website and can be used for all ages and abilities. Tackling Debt This resource is available on the Education Scotland website and can be used for all ages and abilities. Small Change This resource is available on the Education Scotland website and is designed to help young teenagers understand the fact that small changes can make a big difference to people’s attitudes and behaviours towards money. Spending Sense Adapted from the PFEG Spending Sense resource. This is available on the Financial Education Glow Group. Adding up to a lifetime This resource takes learners through the following areas: funding for their post-school education, career changes during their working life, the impact of re lationships and families during life, better health leading to a longer and more active retirement. Skilled to go http://www.oft.gov.uk/about-the-oft/partnershipworking/partnership-working-info/consumereducation/resources/sthome/publicscottisheducationresources This is a variety of different resources linked to finance as well as aspects of literacy, health and wellbeing, social studies and technology. The toolkit is made up of three modules, focusing on: buying and selling technology utilities. • Budgeting • Income and expenditure • Using foreign currencies • Finding the best deal • Saving and borrowing • Carrying out calculations involving percentages • Explaining decisions 6 Contexts Lessons could be put in contexts that are relevant to the age and stage of the learner , and where possible the learner could be given the opportunity to choose and personalise a context. There should be sufficient opportunities for a breadth of contexts where learners have to apply these skills. Contexts could include planning an event, saving to buy or do something, investigating the cost of living or planning for the future. Use case studies where learners are given the information and have to analyse it and make decisions based on the information. Although learners may have experienced similar contexts before, the degree of calculations and skills needs to demonstrate the sophistication required at this level: Work with straightforward contexts and LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 INTRODUCTION routine tasks. Work with non-routine tasks with appropriate guidance. Produce and respond to simple but detailed communication in familiar contexts. Contribute to setting goals and timelines. Identify strengths and weaknesses. Contribute to review of learners’ work and offer suggestions for improvements. Examples of the skills that the toolkit aims to develop include the ability to: research relevant information to help make consumer choices consider personal needs and preferences before making a consumer decision analyse the features of consumer goods and services to identify their pros and cons compare consumer goods or services to make the best choi ce for individual circumstances identify sources of help to deal with consumer problems or handle consumer problems effectively. Co-operative learning in numeracy Education Scotland Resource showing how to use co-operative learning techniques in the context of money. LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 7 INTRODUCTION Area of mathematics Learning and teaching approaches Resources and exemplification • Budgeting • Income and expenditure • Finding the best deal • Saving and borrowing • Carrying out calculations involving percentages • Explaining decisions • Investigate borrowing and savings interest rates. • Discuss the range of products available. • Debate the very high rates for certain products, for example pay-day loans. Learners are to be encouraged to question: ‘What would happen if… • you cannot pay the monthly repayments? • you increase monthly payments?’ Types of calculations at this level • Guided questions about comparing different rates. Percentage calculations for annual interest and possible extension into monthly interest rates. • Compound interest calculations based on annual interest rates. • Limit the number of products for comparison to three, with two pieces of information on each. Learners could investigate saving or borrowing for a particular product. Part of that would be determining the best deal for that product as well as the best deal for saving or borrowing money. Learners could use real comparison websites when researching different projects, for example: • http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/index.html • http://www.moneyexpert.com/ • http://www.moneysupermarket.com. Money Saving Expert http://www.moneysavingexpert.com/family/Teenagers -cash-class This resource has a range of activities designed to make learners more ‘money-savvy’. The three sections are ‘Being savvy with money’, ‘Being savvy about debt’ and ‘Being a savvy shopper’. The pack includes opportunities for discussion, links to other subject areas and a final challenge to work through. RBS Money Sense http://rbsmoneysense.co.uk/schools/ This is an interactive resource 8 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 INTRODUCTION covering many of the topics in thisarea of Maths. Practitioners can use and adapt these resources to help deliver appropriate activities. • Budgeting • Income and expenditure • Finding the best deal • Using foreign currencies Learners could budget for a trip away, investigating a variety of different types of holidays and destinations. This could link to finding the best deal and converting currencies. It could also include taking out a loan or saving for the trip. If there was the possibility of actually taking the trip this would make it a relevant and motivating project. If learners were working in a group, each person could research different aspects of the trip, eg travel, activities, currency, saving, accommodation. As a class they could evaluate which group’s location had the best value for money, so demonstrating a variety of desirable lifeskills. Financial Learning Online http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/financiallearningonline/ Information and resources to support the development of financial capability. This site features guidance, resources and examples for practitioners involved in supporting learners aged 16 and above to become more financially capable. Types of calculations at this level • Converting between two currencies only. • Taking into account deductions for commission. Limit the number of products to compare to three , with two pieces of information on each. Information could be taken from the internet, holiday brochures and travel agents. Teachers TV – Jet Setters Project: Planning a holiday http://www.tes.co.uk/teaching-resource/GCSE-Maths-The-JetSetters-Project-6084580/ LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 9 INTRODUCTION • Income and expenditure • Carrying out calculations involving percentages 10 Learners could research and choose three different jobs that they might consider in the future and investigate the wages or salaries and deductions they could receive for each. LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 Types of calculations at this level • Hourly rate, annual salaries, weekly wages, overtime rates (double and time and a half), percentage pay increase, bonuses and commission. • Basic deductions – national insurance and income tax. Extension could be to investigate the rates of income tax and different types of deductions. • Using the minimum wage, calculate how much a worker could earn in a normal (37-hour) working week. Now suppose the worker gets overtime at time and a quarter. • How much more can an employee earn if they do 5 hours overtime? What about 7 hours overtime? What if they work a Sunday at time and a half or a bank holiday at double time? Use different hourly rates or different base hours to extend this activity. You could also set up a spreadsheet to explore these ‘what if’ questions with interested learners. INTRODUCTION Area of mathematics Learning and teaching approaches Resources and exemplification Statistical skills and links to numeracy skills Prior learning MNU 3-20a, MTH 3-20b, MNU 4-20a, MTH 420b, MTH 3-21a and MTH 4-21b Experience from learners’ own lives. Collections of lesson plans and data sets that practitioners and learners can use and analyse in their own way: stats4schools http://stem.org.uk/cxud Relevant and Engaging Statistics http://stem.org.uk/cxub • Evaluate risk and use probability • Extract and interpret data • Display data • Compare data sets • Make and explain decisions • Analyse correlations Contexts Lessons could be put in contexts that are relevant to the age and stage of the learner and where possible the learner could be given the opportunity to choose and personalise a context. There should be sufficient opportunities for a breadth of contexts where learners have to apply these skills. Contexts could include sport, health and wellbeing, finance, social studies and education. Use case studies where learners are given the information and have to analyse it and make decisions based on it. Although learners may have experienced similar contexts before, the level of calculations and skills need to demonstrate the sophistication required: Work with straightforward contexts and routine tasks. Work with non-routine tasks with LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 11 INTRODUCTION • Compare data sets • Make and explain decisions appropriate guidance. Produce and respond to simple but detailed communication in familiar contexts. Contribute to setting goals and timelines. Identify strengths and weaknesses. Contribute to review of their work and offer suggestions for improvements. Learners could discuss the concept of average and understand the different types of average, as well as calculating them. Types of calculations at this level Learners will be guided on what statistical skills to use and will look at one piece of information. Understanding mean, median and mode This activity is from the Improving Learning in Mathematics Standards Unit (S4) (http://tlp.excellencegateway.org.uk/resource/su_mat_5822/print/ S4.pdf). It aims to help learners to: understand the terms mean, median, mode and range explore the relationships between these measures and their relationship to the shape of a distribution. Learning and teaching approaches used include: • working in groups • developing understanding of multiple representations . Averages mystery https://www.ncetm.org.uk/files/7993830/Mean+median+mode+ra nge+mystery.pdf 12 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 INTRODUCTION This task provides a useful way to revise averages and involves learners in thinking, reasoning and justifying skills. • Display data • Make and explain decisions Draw graphs to display data from a range of sources (use of technology should be encouraged where appropriate). Discuss how some data can be misleading. Learners should be encouraged to ask questions such as ‘What would the graph/chart look like if… one of the pieces of data is removed? more data are added?’ • Evaluate risk and use probability • Make and explain decisions • Extract and interpret data • Analyse correlations Discuss and debate the idea of risk: how people perceive risk how it is calculated, especially in the context of different insurances. Teachers TV – Exploring mean, median and mode outside the classroom http://www.tes.co.uk/teaching-resource/Mean-Median-and-Mode6082922/. Bowland Assessments http://www.bowland.org.uk/assessment/tasks.htm Tuck shop – Learners are asked to draw graphs to represent data and to critique an erroneous interpretation of the data. There are number of ready-made lessons using TI Nspire available at: www.nspiringlearning.org.uk http://resource.nspiringlearning.org.uk/classroomresources/index. jsp?search=&topic=11&cat=3 http://resource.nspiringlearning.org.uk/classroomresources/index. jsp?search=&topic=11&cat=2 Use of Excel spreadsheets should also be encouraged. Practitioners and/or learners could use commercial resources to investigate, discuss and compare the different insurance rates for different groups of people. Learners should be encouraged to ask questions: LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 13 INTRODUCTION 14 Why does it cost more to insure a building rather than the contents? Where does the information come from to decide on different insurance rates? Is there a connection between... LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 INTRODUCTION Area of mathematics Learning and teaching approaches Measure and geometry skills and links to numeracy skills • Real-life measurement • Calculating related measures • Using millimetres • Understanding tolerance • Scale drawings • Container packing and first-fit algorithm • Planning a navigation course • Pythagoras • Gradients • Perimeter, area and volume • Time management Prior learning MNU 4-10a, MNU 3-11a, MTH3-11b, MNU 411a, MNU 4-11b, MTH 4-11c, MTH 3-16a, MTH 4-16a, MTH 4-16b, MTH 3-17b, MTH 317c Experience from learners’ own lives. Resources and exemplification Contexts The concept of measure is sometimes difficult for learners to grasp. The focus in this course is to get learners to use and apply their skills in a relevant real-life context. Practitioners should endeavour to let learners choose the context in which to work. There is the opportunity for cross-curricular working with home economics, technical subjects, PE or science, where using a range of measuring instruments is part of the curriculum, or for using measuring skills at home or work if appropriate. There should be sufficient opportunities for a breadth of contexts where learners have to apply these skills. If centres have a Duke of Edinburgh group or an orienteering club then the navigation aspects of the course could be put into those contexts. LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 15 INTRODUCTION • Real-life measurement • Calculating related measures • Using millimetres 16 There can also be links to both financial and statistical skills. For example, statistical analysis of measurements, the effect of accuracy on cost of materials and links to time management, pay rates and to using foreign currencies. Although learners may have experienced similar contexts before, the level of calculations and skills involved need to demonstrate the sophistication required: Work with straightforward contexts and routine tasks. Work with non-routine tasks with appropriate guidance. Produce and respond to simple but detailed communication in familiar contexts. Contribute to setting goals and timelines. Identify strengths and weaknesses. Contribute to review of work and offer suggestions for improvements. • Talk about how to use measures in everyday life. • Make connections with other mathematics topics, especially decimal fractions. • Encourage learners to use their measure skills at home or at work. • Show measures in a variety of LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 Types of calculations at this level Formulae or relationships will be given to make calculations. Good questioning ideas: Checking for learner understanding - in the following examples, encourage learners to estimate and to measure accurately with appropriate equipment or to use whatever ad hoc means of INTRODUCTION • • • • Container packing and first-fit algorithm representations, especially in real-life contexts. Measure for a purpose. Use lots of practical measuring leading on to discussion on tolerance. Encourage learners to estimate measures and to see the value of estimation. measuring are available to them. For example: How long is this room? If 250 g is the answer, what is the question? Now make another question with the same answer. Which is the odd one out: 500 ml, 500 g, 500 mm, 500 cm? Which bottle holds more than 250 ml but less than 1.5 l? (Learners choose from a selection of bottles of different capacities.) Why is 750 mm the same as three quarters of a metre? Container packing is an important concept to consider in a number of real-life contexts, such as car ferries, loading a removal lorry, commercial shipping, goods packing and delivering. These contexts give the opportunity to discuss the modelling function of mathematics. These activities also give the learners a chance to discuss the implications of a first-fit algorithm when loading ferries, packing containers etc. Encourage the learners to ask: • Does it make good use of space? • Is it time efficient? • What other ways could be used? LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 17 INTRODUCTION Ferry packing example A first-fit algorithm could be used in any context that requires packing of known quantities and sizes of items, eg packing musical instruments, shipping boxes of vegetables, furniture removal etc. Practitioners could create a case study similar to the ferry packing example based on contexts that are relevant to their learners. 18 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 INTRODUCTION • Planning a navigation course • Scale drawings • Real-life measurement • Calculating related measures • Using millimetres • Scale drawings • Real-life measurement • Calculating related measure • Gradients Orienteering or a Duke of Edinburgh Award are both relevant and engaging contexts for navigation. Investigating how navigation is used in shipping and flights. Types of calculations at this level Scales given are expressed as a ratio or a scaled line. Learners could investigate the environment around them to check different structures or rooms and their accessibility for wheelchairs. • Perimeter, area and volume Learners will develop an understanding of perimeter, area and volume as well as being able to calculate them correctly. Learners should be encouraged to question: • What is the maximum area with a fixed perimeter? • What happens if you change one of the Types of calculations at this level • Using gradient calculations to measure ramps. • Taking accurate measurements. This set of activities asks learners to explore the ways in which their classroom and school can be made wheelchair accessible. If all the activities are attempted, the topic will be an extended one. Please note users of this website need to register for a free account. After registering on the website, on the home page click on ‘resources’ and then click on the 8 th link called ‘health and social care’ and then open the ‘accessible spaces’ link. http://www.cre8atemaths.org.uk Types of calculations at this level • Perimeter and area of composite shapes. • Volume of prisms including cuboid and cylinder. Interactive quiz An interactive quiz looking at Ordnance Survey maps. http://mapzone.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/mapzone/homeworkhelp.ht ml Improving learning in mathematics resources http://tlp.excellencegateway.org.uk/default.aspx#math_learni ng LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 19 INTRODUCTION • dimensions? What happens to the volume if you change the area of the base? These resources encourage group work and developing mathematical reasoning and vocabulary. Understanding perimeter and area http://tlp.excellencegateway.org.uk/resource/su_mat_5822/print/S S2.pdf This is an activity to help learners to understand the difference between perimeter and area, and give learners practice in: • calculating the area of rectangular shapes • calculating the perimeters of rectangular shapes . Learners can use spreadsheets to enhance this activity. Representing 3D objects An activity to help learners to: • interpret 2D shapes of 3D objects • analyse 3D objects using plans, elevations and isometric drawings • develop their reasoning ability in spatial contexts. There is a software package that can be used to enhance the activity. http://www.fi.uu.nl/toepassingen/00339/toepassing_wisweb.en.ht ml http://www.fi.uu.nl/toepassingen/02015/toepassing_wisweb.en.ht ml http://www.fi.uu.nl/toepassingen/00249/toepassing_wisweb.en.ht ml 20 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 INTRODUCTION • Understanding tolerance Learners should be able to carry out calculations involving tolerance but more importantly understand the importance of it. Tolerance is a measurement that allows us to define an acceptable margin of error. Why is it important? How does the effect of accuracy affect the cost of a project? What would happen to the outcome if this measurement changed? For example, when measuring a room for a new carpet, make allowances for tolerance levels. On carpet samples, measurements are given with a tolerance of ±2%. What does this mean? Types of calculations at this level Accuracy at this level will be up to two decimal places. Here are some examples which practitioners may wish to consider as starter statements for discussions with learners: A factory packing fruit and vegetables to be supplied to supermarkets is allowed a tolerance with their weights, eg a bag of potatoes labelled 500 g doesn’t always weigh exactly 500 g. A part for an aircraft engine is manufactured to be exactly 500 mm long. The national speed limit for a motor way is 70 mph. I drive past a speed camera at 72 mph and I get a speeding ticket. A nurse measuring out medicine for a patient can allow for a high tolerance. A joiner fits a door into a door frame with a width of 1.2 m. He cuts the wood for the door using the dimensions 1.98 m by 1.18 m. The door fits into the frame. ‘Formulator Tarsia’ (previously known as Jigsaw) is used to design jigsaws, dominoes, sort cards, loop cards etc. It can be used in many areas and is useful for promoting discussion around different topics. For example you could make a jigsaw based around the idea of matching tolerance levels to minimum and maximum measurements. http://www.mmlsoft.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=v iew&id=11&Itemid=12. LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 21 INTRODUCTION Below are examples of combining elements from across the course. A case study or project approach could be used to cover many of the areas in this course. A case study will enable learners to apply their learning in challenging and unfamiliar situations, including the application of their learning from different areas of mathematics. Area of mathematics Learning and teaching approaches Resources and exemplification Financial, statistical and numerical skills • Income and expenditure • Extract and interpret data • Display data Financial, statistical and numerical skills • Budgeting • Income and expenditure • Finding the best deal • Saving and borrowing • Carrying out calculations involving percentages • Explaining decisions • Extract and interpret data Learners could investigate where the government gets its money from and display the information on how this is divided among different areas such as education, health and social services. This is an ideal area to link with social studies. Given the format to display the data. Guided to or given tables with the relevant information . Use of technology to support presentation of data. Learners could investigate a budget for living on their own for a year. This could include rent, electricity, gas, water, telephone, TV licence, general living expenses and a budget for a weekly shop. This could be extended into looking at inflation and how this budget would increase or decrease in 3 years’ time. Practitioners and/or learners could use standard information about average prices in their area for each of these items. Learners are guided to where to find the relevant data. Learners are given the information and asked to calculate the price after 3 years given the current consumer price index. 22 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 Extracting and interpreting data and then disp laying it in a suitable format. Learners could use real comparison websites when researching different projects, for example: http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/index.html http://www.moneyexpert.com/ http://www.moneysupermarket.com The consumer price index is at: http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/key-figures/index.html INTRODUCTION Financial, geometrical, measurement and numerical skills • Real-life measurement • Calculating related measures • Using millimetres • Understanding tolerance • Scale drawings • Perimeter, area and volume • Time management • Budgeting • Income and expenditure • Finding the best deal • Saving and borrowing • Carrying out calculations involving percentages • Explaining decisions A project or case study approach could be used to cover many of the areas in this section, for example: • planning your own bedroom – using scale drawing, budgets and time management • building a house – from scale drawings to time management of people working on site. Link this to work in the technical department and if possible bringing in industry professionals from the building trade – from architects to joiners. Given fixed dimensions or costs when calculating area or amounts needed. Given the scale for scale drawing. My bedroom investigation This is a complete set of lesson plans that can be used for learners to work individually or in groups. It also provides differentiation depending on ability. http://www.tes.co.uk/teaching-resource/My-Bedroom-6019967/ Design a bedroom This activity covers area, scale drawing and working with a budget. Learners need to complete a scale drawing of their bedroom and a detailed budget sheet. http://www.tes.co.uk/teaching-resource/Design-a-Bedroom6018770/ LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 23 INTRODUCTION Financial, measure and numerical skills • Time management • Explaining decisions • Budgeting Time-management activities could include planning a meal or calculating time intervals across time zones for travel, phone call s or video communication to friends or family abroad. Statistical, geometry, measure and numerical skills. • Extract and interpret data • Pythagoras • Real-life measurement • Calculating related measures • Understanding tolerance • Scale drawings • Perimeter, area and volume • Explaining decisions Using a project or case study approach to these skills is a great opportunity to combine and integrate skills from across the course. The STEM Central Solar maths learning journey learning intentions include: • use mathematical research techniques to solve a problem • gain insights into how modelling is used in mathematics • understand and use shape properties in this modelling process • use data to make informed decisions and judgements • structure a report to present results and make recommendations based on these. 24 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 Types of calculations at this level Tasks should be basic and may include times across midnight. STEM Central resource – Using an electric car This is a time and cost learning journey. http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/stemcentral/contexts/transport/learn ingjourneys/timeandcost/index.asp STEM Central resource – Solar maths learning journey http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/stemcentral/contexts/energysavingh ouse/learningjourneys/solarmaths/index.asp APPENDIX Appendix: Further resources for learning and teaching Learners often ask ‘When am I ever going to need this?’ Lifeskills Mathematics should be a course in which it is obvious to learners where the skills they are developing can be used in real-life situations, both at work and in personal lives. The following resources have been developed by a group of teachers and professionals to give examples of how maths is used in different occupations. Suggested use for practitioners As a source of discussion in planning learning and teaching.. To demonstrate to learners how the mathematics studied can be useful in the world of work. Workplace Mathematics This is available from the NCETM website at: https://www.ncetm.org.uk/resources/13955. This video collection contains six examples of how mathematics is used in various occupations. Each piece of footage lasts around 10 minutes. The jobs covered are pharmacist, builder, bar tender, fashion designer, architect and hairdresser. The source files of the videos are also available to download. Maths in Work Maths in Work is also available from the NCETM website: https://www.ncetm.org.uk/resources/11329. Maths in Work has been designed to offer glimpse s of the real world of work via video clips to help learners appreciate not only the relevance of mathematics but its importance in everyday life. The clips feature the people who are actually doing jobs and explain some of the maths processes that they ar e involved with on a daily basis. There is a brief synopsis of each clip , which LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012 25 APPENDIX identifies the maths topics covered, and all clips end with the simple question ‘What mathematics would be involved in the work you have just watched? ’ The practitioner is free to approach the viewing in whatever way seems appropriate to the circumstances. 26 LIFESKILLS MATHEMATICS (NAT 4, MATHEMATICS) © Crown copyright 2012