-1Bio 347
Bio 347
Final Comprehensive Examination
December 11, 2004
Name_____________Key___________________________
I. Multiple Choice (2 points each, 30 points total)
Note: Use the following information for questions 1-5. A rabbit was injected subcutaneously with 10
milligrams of human albumin protein mixed in adjuvant. On days 10 and 30 following immunogen
injection, the rabbit was bled and sera were tested for presence of antibodies specific to human albumin.
1. Why was an adjuvant used?
A. to provide slow release of the albumin
B. to enhance cellular infiltration to the injection site
C. to maintain the structure of albumin
D. A and B are correct
E. B and C are correct
F. A, B, and C are correct
2. Serum from day 10 bleeding contained low levels of antibodies to human albumin. The
immunoglobulin class of the antibodies most likely was:
A. IgM
D. IgD
B. IgG
E. IgE
C. IgA
3. Serum from day 30 bleeding contained high levels of antibodies to human albumin. The
immunoglobulin class of the antibodies most likely was:
A. IgM
D. IgD
B. IgG
E. IgE
C. IgA
4. Which of the following cell(s) were most likely involved in the production of antibodies examined in
the serum from the day 10 bleeding?
A. antigen presenting cells D. A and B are correct
B. B cells
E. B and C are correct
C. T helper cells
F. A, B, and C are correct
5. Which of the following cell(s) were most likely involved in the production of antibodies examined in
the serum from the day 30 bleeding?
A. antigen presenting cells D. A and B are correct
B. B cells
E. B and C are correct
C. T helper cells
F. A, B, and C are correct
Note: Use the following information for question 6. A rabbit was injected subcutaneously with 2
milligrams of a hapten conjugated to human albumin protein mixed in adjuvant. On day 30 following
immunogen injection, the rabbit was bled and resulting serum was tested for presence of antibodies
specific to the hapten.
6. When tested by a precipitation assay, using hapten conjugated to albumin as the antigen, a precipitin
band was seen. The precipitin band is proof that antibodies were generated against
A. hapten
C. hapten + albumin
B. albumin
D. can not distinguish if antibody is reacting with hapten, albumin, or both
-27. Cells obtained from Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice (SCID) were capable of killing human
tumor cells. The cells most likely were:
A. B cells
D. NK cells
B. T helper cells
E. A, B, C, and D could be correct
C. Cytotoxic T cells
8. Which of the following monoclonal antibodies could be used to specifically detect IgM?
A. monoclonal antibody to kappa light chains
E. A and C are correct
B. monoclonal antibody to lambda light chains
F. A and D are correct
C. monoclonal antibody to mu heavy chains
D. monoclonal antibody to delta heavy chains
9. Urine from a human subject contained high levels of kappa light chains. This is a good indictor that
the subject has a type of cancer called:
A. B cell lymphoma
D. T cell leukemia
B. B cell leukemia
E. none of the above
C. multiple myeloma
10. Which of the following cells are capable of secreting IgE antibody?
A. pre-B cells
D. plasma cells
B. activated B cells
E. B and C are correct
C. eosinophils
F. B and D are correct
11. Which of the following is a quantitative precipitation immune assay?
A. counterimmunoelectrophoresis D. radial immunodiffusion
B. gel diffusion
E. western immunoblot
C. immunoelectrophoresis
12. The most sensitive immunological test in terms of the amount of antibody detectable is
A. complement fixation test
D. ELISA
B. direct agglutination test
E. radial immunodiffusion
C. gel precipitation test
13. Antibody Fab fragments generated by digestion of IgG with pepsin
A. cannot bind antigen
D. can agglutinate antigen
B. cannot agglutinate antigen
E. B and C are correct
C. can not bind to Fc receptors
14. The immune assay used to determine if individuals are positive or negative for Rh antigens is
A. gel precipitation test
D. western immunoblot
B. direct agglutination test
E. radioimmuno assay
C. ELISA
D. western immunoblot
15. The immune assay used to determine expression and molecular size of MHC class I proteins is
A. gel precipitation test
D. western immunoblot
B. direct agglutination test
E. radioimmuno assay
C. ELISA
D. western immunoblot
-3II. Matching (1 point each, 10 points total)
__f___1. Type I hypersensitivity
a. destruction of myelin basic protein
___c__2. Type II hypersensitivity
b. autoantibodies to acetylcholine receptors
__h___3. Type III hypersensitivity
c. IgG mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity
__j___4. Type IV hypersensitivity
d. destruction of beta cells
__a___5. Multiple sclerosis
e. "butterfly" rash
___e__6. systemic lupus erythermatosus
f. IgE mediated hypersensitivity
__g___7. rheumatoid arthritis
g. IgM/IgG complexes
___d__8. insulin dependent diabetes
h. immune complex mediated hypersensitivity
__b___9. myasthenia gravis
i. destruction of red blood cells
_i___10. hemolytic anemia
j. cell mediated hypersensitivity
III. The following statements are false, change to make the statements true (2 points each, 20 points
total)
1. Major changes in the antigenic structure of influenza viruses are called antigenic drift.
2. Kappa immunoglobulin light chains are composed of V,D,J,C segments.
3. Recombination activation genes encoded proteins are required for expression of CD4 membrane
protein on T helper cells.
4. Passive immunization confers prolonged immunity
5. High levels of eosinophils in the blood of an individual is suggestive of autoimmune disease.
6. MLR-lpr/lpr negative autoimmune mice are defective for TGF-beta receptors.
7. Variation in malaria surface proteins is generated by hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.
8. Agglutinating antibodies are effective in blocking the adverse affects of bacterial toxins.
9. Monoclonal antibodies are derived from multiple B cells with specificity to a single epitope.
10. Class I MHC molecules contain one alpha chain and one beta chain.
-4-
IV. Short answers (40 points total)
1. Define the following (1.5 pointa each, 6 points total)
allotype
idiotype
isotype
haplotype
2. Describe (or diagram) expansion and contraction of immunoglobulin multigene families (6 points)
.
3. One strain of mice gives a low antibody response to a hapten/carrier; whereas, a different strain of
mice gives a high antibody response. Using your knowledge of the mouse MHC, give an explanation
for high and low responders (6 points).
-5-
4. You discover that cytotoxic T cells from a human subject with breast cancer will not kill her cancer
cells. One possibility for the lack of killing is that the cancer cells are not expressing MHC class I
proteins on their cell membrane. Design/describe an immune assay to determine whether or not the
tumor cells express MHC class I proteins on their cell membrane (include positive and negative
controls) (6 points).
5. Show (describe or diagram) the cellular interactions between an activated B cell (immunoglobulin
on membrane has reacted with immunogen) and a T helper cell, point out the biological consequences of
this cellular interaction (6 points).
-66. Describe key genetic events in the conversion of a normal cell into a tumor cell, including ability of
tumor cell to evade immune killing (5 points)
7. Defend the statement : Tobacco is a "perfect carcinogen" (5 points)
Bonus Question (3 points) Antibody immunotoxin specific for Ig expressed on the membrane of B
leukemia cells reduced the number of leukemia cells but a small number of B leukemia cells were not
killed by the immunotoxin. Give a reason for these B leukemia cells being resistant to immunotoxin
killing.