CHAPTER 15
The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels
CHAPTER SUMMARY
This chapter begins with a detailed description of the anatomy of blood vessels. The
characteristics of elastic (conducting) arteries and muscular (distributing) arteries as well as
arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, anastomoses and blood distribution are extensively
described. The circulatory routes of the body are clearly explained in precise detail; the latter
includes descriptions of the systemic circulation, the hepatic portal circulation, the pulmonary
circulation, and fetal circulation. The development of blood vessels and blood are portrayed. The
effects of aging on the cardiovascular system are concisely explained. A glossary of key medical
terms associated with blood vessels is provided. This chapter concludes with a thorough study
outline, an excellent self-quiz, critical thinking questions, and answers to questions that
accompany chapter figures.
STUDENT OBJECTIVES
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Contrast the structure and functions of arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins.
Identify the principal circulatory routes.
Describe the principal parts of the aorta and the general distribution of blood from each part.
Describe the distribution of blood to the head and neck, upper limbs, thorax, abdomen and
pelvis, and lower limbs.
Explain the role of the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus in returning
venous blood to the heart.
Describe the venous drainage of the head and neck, upper limbs, thorax, abdomen and pelvis,
and lower limbs.
Identify the blood vessels and route of the hepatic portal circulation.
Identify the blood vessels and route of the pulmonary circulation.
Identify the blood vessels and route of the fetal circulation.
Describe the development of blood vessels and blood.
Explain the effects of aging on the cardiovascular system.