CH 17/18 GUIDED NOTES
Test is Thursday April 5th.
1. Wavelengths that are a little bit shorter than visible light are? Ultraviolet
2. Most of Earth’s incoming ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by? Ozone
3. Most of the energy that heats Earth’s atmosphere is? Infrared Radiation.
4. The greenhouse effect is? The process by which gases hold heat in the atmosphere.
5. The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance is called? Thermal energy.
6. The freezing point of pure water on the Celsius scale is? 0oC.
7. Heat transfer between two substance that are in contact is called? Conduction
8. Heat from the sun reaches you by? Radiation
9. Most of the heating of the troposphere comes from? Convection
10. Convection takes place because? Cold air is more dense than warm air.
11. Winds are caused by differences in? Air Pressure
12. Cool air tends to? Be more dense and flow under warm air.
13. Wind speed is measured by a? Anemometer.
14. Local winds differ from global winds because they? Are caused by unequal heating within a small area.
15. Land breezes occur because? Land cools off faster than water.
16. Global winds generally? Blow from specific directions over long distances.
17. Earth’s rotation makes global winds curve. This is called the? Coriolis Effect
18. The doldrums are characterized by? Weak winds
19. The horse latitudes are located? At about 30o north and south latitudes.
20. Relative humidity can be measured with a? Psychrometer
21. The two main parts of a psychrometer are? A wet-bulb thermometer and a dry-buld thermometer.
22. Clouds form when water vapor in the air? Becomes liquid water or ice crystals.
23. Two conditions are required for cloud formation: Cooling of the air and? The presence of particles in the air.
24. Large clouds that often produce thunderstorms are called? Cumulonimbus Clouds.
25. Very high feathery clouds are called? Cirrus Clouds.
26. Layered clouds that often cover much of the sky and are a dull gray color are called? Stratus Clouds.
27. Any form of water that falls from clouds is called? Precipitation.
28. The difference between sleet and hail is? The size of the ice pellets AND where the ice pellets formed.
29. On average, a snowfall of 20 centimeters would equal a rainfall of? 2 Centimeters.
30. To modify precipitation, clouds are sometimes seeded with? Dry ice and silver iodide.
31. Cold, dry air affecting the northern US in winter often comes from? Continental Polar air masses.
32. When a rapidly moving cold air mass overtakes a slow-moving warm air mass, the result is a? Cold Front
33. When a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet and neither can move the other, the result is? Stationary Front
34. A major difference between cyclones and anticyclones is? The direction of their winds.
35. Weather associated with an anticyclone is generally? Dry and clear
36. A funnel-shaped cloud that touches Earth’s surface is called a? Tornado
37. How does lake-effect snow form? Cold dry air blows over large lakes and then over land.
38. One of the best places to seek protection during tornado is? In the basement of a well-built building.
39. The most dangerous aspect of a snowstorm is often the? High winds.
40. Weather forcasting has improved recently in part because of? Improved data gathering and better computer
technology.
41. Scientists who study weather and try to predict it are called? Meteorologists.
42. Isobars are lines on a map joining places that have the same? Air pressure
43. On weather maps, a line with half circles indicates? A warm front.
44. What kind of weather would a continental tropical air mass that formed over northern Mexico bring to the
southwestern US? Hot and Dry.
45. When a warm air mass overtakes a cold air mass, it forms a? Warm front.
46. Thunderstorms for within? Large cumulonimbus clouds.
47. Tornado Alley includes the states of? Texas and Kansas
48. The collecting of weather data in the last 40 years has been improved mostly by? Balloons and Satellites.
49. Hurricanes typically form over? Warm ocean water.
50. Small lines at the end of the shaft that represents wind direction on a weather map indicate? Wind speed.
51. The eye of a hurricane? Is Calm
52. A cloud cover symbol that is ¾ black and ¼ white represents? 70-80 percent cloud cover.
53. Places shown on a weather map that have the same temperature are connected by? Isotherms.
54. Which of the following sources of weather data would enable a meteorologist to follow the path of an
approaching thunderstorm? Radar
55. In the continental US, air masses are commonly moved by jet streams and the? Prevailing westerlies.
56. The prevailing westerlies, the major wind belts over the continental US, generally push air masses from? West to
East.
57. One example of a safe place to be during a thunderstorm is? Crouching in a low area.
58. If people are asked to evacuate during a hurricane warning, they are being asked to? Leave the area temporarily.
59. A “dome or wall” of water that sweeps across the coast where a hurricane lands is called? Storm surge.
60. A storm is a? Violent disturbance in the atmosphere.