To study estrus synchronization in crossbred animals and buffaloes in Navsari district.
Dr. A. M. Bambal, Dr. Jais Patel
MDTTC Vasudhara Dairy, Chikhali Lab, Navsari
Abstract This study evaluated pregnancy rate and estrus responses to treatment of cross bred cattle
and buffaloes with the oestrus synchronization protocols. Since, the study was carried out at
field level, animals belonging to both the species were selected at random, irrespective of
parity, milk yield and body weight. The estrous synchronization protocols were evaluated.
Treatment included an injection of Receptal -2.5ml i m and fixed time insemination (FTAI)
was done 16-24 h post Receptal -2.5ml i m injection. It was observed that according to the
protocols, the percentage of pregnant animals was 33%.The results for percentage of
pregnant animals to first service resulting on application of protocol for cross bred and
Buffaloes was 30% (52/174) and 57% (12/21) respectively .
Introduction Estrus synchronization is a useful technique in cattle practice as it allows the use of fixed
time AI or improved heat detection efficiency. Estrus synchronization with fixed time AI
eliminates the practical problems of heat detection in dairy cattle.
The gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and prostaglandin (PGF2α.) method of estrous
synchronization has proven to be very successful in synchronizing estrus in cattle and
buffaloes (Odde 1990; Lamb et al 2000, 2004; Amaya-Montoya et al 2007). Although many
studies have been carried out with PGF2α alone (Stevenson et al 1983; Brito et al 2002;
Battista et al 1984) or in combination with GnRH, the use of artificial insemination technique
has been successfully used in breeding farms for genetic improvement of animals. In buffalo
there is difficulty in identification of estrus manifestations and for application of A.I. at the
accurate time. The use of protocols that do not require the identification of estrus, allow for
the increase use of A.I. at fixed time and are more efficient in cattle and buffalo for
increasing productivity. Studies by Pursley et al (1995) verified that, administration of GnRH
after PGF2α injection increases the rate of synchronized ovulation in bovines. It has been
observed that when PGF2α is administered on palpation of functional CL., about 60-70% of
treated animals, were detected in estrus within 4 days post PGF2α injection (Twagiramungu
et al 1995).The pregnancy rate achieved in relation to the usage of different protocols with
fixed time artificial insemination in cows and buffaloes was observed to range between 3050% (Pursley et al 1997; Baruselli, 1997; Baruselli et al 2003). Ovulation and estrus activity
after calving are delayed when the positive feed back effects of estradiol on release of LH
from the pituitary are reduced due to various factors.
Estrus synchronization programs improve reproduction efficiency by reducing the length of
breeding and calving seasons and increasing calf weaning weights. Artificial insemination
technique can also be used more efficiently. Prostaglandin (PGF2α) causes CL to regress
during the responsive phase and a consequent decrease in the levels of progesterone leading
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to the development of follicles of the next wave (Galina and Orihuela 2007). Studies carried
out by Dhaliwal et al (1988) and Kamonpatana et al (1979) revealed that PGF2α is effective
in inducing estrus . We have use the protocol is better known as Ovsynch protocol. Under
these protocols fixed time insemination is done
Objectives –
 To study the conception rate in crossbred animal.
 To study the conception rate in Buffaloes.
 To compare the conception rate in Cross bred animal and Buffaloes.
Material and methods -:
Indian cattle and buffaloes belonging to different breeds namely Gir , Crossbred and Murrah
buffalo were considered for treatment and the study was conducted at Dr. Manibhai Desai
Technology Transfer Centre , Chikhli , Dist.- Navsari in Gujarat.- during a period of June -11
to Dec. – 2011.The body weights of the cattle ranged between 300-400 kg BW and that of the
buffalo ranged between 300-500 kg BW. Animals suffering from clinical reproductive
problems like metritis , endo metritis and cystic ovary were not included . A total of 197 no.
of animals were considered for application of this protocols. For the this protocol (Figure 1),
174 cross bred , 21 buffaloes and 2 Gir cows were selected. After selection of selection of
animals , we have used the following protocol for oestrus synchronization .All animals were
diagnosed for pregnancy via rectal palpation on day 90 post A.I. by a trained Area supervisor
.
Protocol for oestrus synchronization is as fallow—
- First we will be given dewormer and mineral mixture for 10-15 days before estrus
synchronization.
- ‘O’ days – Inject Receptal-2.5ml I/M.
- ‘7’ days –Inject Lutalyse -5 ml I/M.
- ‘9’ days – Inject 2nd dose of Receptal -2.5ml I/M.
- 10 days – A.I. ( 16-24 hrs ).
Result and Discussion -:
Table No. -1 Report of Oestrus synchronization in crossbred and Buffaloes.
Sr
Breed
1
2
3
Cross Bred
Buffaloes
N.D.
Total
No. of Animal
174
21
2
197
A.I. Done
174
21
2
197
Pregnant
52
12
0
64
%
30
57
0
33
It was observed that according to the protocols, the percentage of pregnant animals was
33%.(Table 1)The results for percentage of pregnant animals to first service resulting on
application of above protocol for cross bred and Buffaloes was 30% (52/174) and 57%
(12/21) respectively . The major limiting factor for optimum reproductive performance on
many farms is failure to detect estrus in a timely and accurate manner. A number of
controlled or breeding programs have been developed for synchronizing groups of lactating
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cattle. Controlled breeding can be directed to cows that pass a corpus luteum test as
determined by rectal palpation of the ovaries and for further administering PGF2α to these
animals. It was observed that all the cows and buffaloes were in heat after 16-24 hrs in 2nd
dose of Receptal injection. It has been observed that cows in early and late stages of the cycle
tend to exhibit heat within 48-72h after Receptal administration.
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