“The Power of the Word” Workbook and Skills Log for Religion 215 Fundamentals of Scripture Study Name ____________________________ Section ___________________________ 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................3 SCRIPTURE READING AND REVELATION .......................................................................................................4 PROMISES ..................................................................................................................................................................9 STATEMENTS BY THE FIRST PRESIDENCY REGARDING PROMISES .................................................. 10 SCRIPTURAL PROMISES WORKSHEET .......................................................................................................... 13 ACQUIRING SPIRITUAL KNOWLEDGE ........................................................................................................... 14 HABITS ........................................................................................................................................... 19 READING THE SCRIPTURES .......................................................................................................... 21 WRITING ....................................................................................................................................... 25 PREPARE, SEEK, AND DO. ................................................................................................................................... 27 PREPARE. ................................................................................................................................................................. 28 A RESERVOIR OF LIVING WATER. .................................................................................................................. 29 SUBSTITUTION. ...................................................................................................................................................... 40 SUBSTITUTION WORKSHEET. ........................................................................................................................... 41 SETTING. .................................................................................................................................................................. 42 SETTING WORKSHEET. ....................................................................................................................................... 43 CLUSTERING ........................................................................................................................................................... 44 CLUSTERING WORKSHEET ............................................................................................................................... 45 CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................................................. 46 FLAG PHRASES ....................................................................................................................................................... 47 FLAG PHRASES WORKSHEET ........................................................................................................................... 48 LISTS .......................................................................................................................................................................... 49 LISTS WORKSHEET. ............................................................................................................................................. 50 CAUSE AND EFFECT ............................................................................................................................................. 51 CAUSE AND EFFECT WORKSHEET .................................................................................................................. 52 VISUALIZATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 53 VISUALIZATION WORKSHEET ......................................................................................................................... 54 SYMBOLISM ............................................................................................................................................................ 55 SYMBOLISM WORKSHEET ................................................................................................................................. 56 PRINCIPLES ............................................................................................................................................................. 57 PRINCIPLES WORKSHEET .................................................................................................................................. 59 LITERARY STYLES ................................................................................................................................................ 60 FINDING CHRIST IN THE SCRIPTURES ........................................................................................................... 61 Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 3 INTRODUCTION President Ezra Taft Benson counseled: "One of the most important things you can do … is to immerse yourselves in the scriptures. Search them diligently. Feast upon the words of Christ. Learn the doctrine Nephi Master the principles that are found therein" ("The Power of the Word," Ensign, May 1986, 81). Survey to Assess Your Relationship with Scripture 1. How many days per week do you study the scriptures? 2. How many minutes do you spend per session? 3. Do you read sequentially or do you jump around or something else? 4. How often do you use the study helps in the LDS editions of the scriptures? 5. What is your favorite scripture study technique (other than just reading)? 6. I would rate my own scripture reading proficiency as: 1 2 low interest low comprehension low engagement 7. 8. 3 4 5 high interest high comprehension high engagement I think my biggest problem with scripture study is: The thing I like the most about scripture study is: Four Things People Believe about Scripture Study Definitions la·con·ic \l-kä-nik\ adj: Canon \kan\n\ noun: Thought Questions 1. What are some ways I can improve my study of the scriptures? 2. In what ways am I able to receive revelation from the scriptures? Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 4 Scripture Reading and Revelation By Elder Dallin H. Oaks Of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles Latter-day Saints’ belief in continuing revelation gives them a different approach to reading and using the Holy Scriptures. 1. Some Christians accept the Bible as the one true word, completely inspired of God in its entirety. At the opposite extreme, some other Christians consider the Bible as the writings of persons who may or may not have been inspired of God, which writings have little moral authority in our day. The Latter-day Saint belief that the Bible is “the word of God as far as it is translated correctly” (A of F 1:8) places us between these extremes, but this belief is not what makes us unique in Christianity. 2. What makes us different from most other Christians in the way we read and use the Bible and other scriptures is our belief in continuing revelation. For us, the scriptures are not the ultimate source of knowledge, but what precedes the ultimate source. The ultimate knowledge comes by revelation. With Moroni we affirm that he who denieth revelation “knoweth not the gospel of Christ” (Morm. 9:8). 3. The word of the Lord in the scriptures is like a lamp to guide our feet (see Ps. 119:105), and revelation is like a mighty force that increases the lamp’s illumination many fold. We encourage everyone to make careful study of the scriptures and of the prophetic teachings concerning them and to prayerfully seek personal revelation to know their meaning for themselves. 4. Because of our belief in continuing revelation, we Latter-day Saints maintain that the canon (the authoritative body) of scriptures is open. In fact, the scriptural canon is open in several ways, and continuing revelation is crucial to each of them. 5. First, we believe that God will guide his children by giving new additions to the existing body of scriptures through the prophet and the established procedures of his Church. The Book of Mormon is such an addition. So are the revelations in the Doctrine and Covenants, including sections 137 and 138 [D&C 137; D&C 138], which were added in our lifetime. 6. Second, we believe that God will give new revelations on the meaning of scriptures previously canonized, meanings that were not evident in earlier times. These new revelations are of two types: public and private. 7. Public revelations on the meaning of earlier scriptures come through those we sustain as prophets, seers, and revelators. Examples of public revelations are the numerous additions and clarifications in the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible and in the Doctrine and Covenants revelations on the meaning of Bible passages. (For example, see D&C 77 on the book of Revelation and D&C Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 5 113 on some prophecies in Isaiah.) These public revelations usually illuminate scriptural passages that are doctrinal rather than those that are descriptive or directive. 8. Our belief in an open canon also includes private revelations to individual seekers of the meaning of existing scriptures. Such revelations are necessary because, as Elder Bruce R. McConkie of the Quorum of the Twelve observed, “Each pronouncement in the holy scriptures … is so written as to reveal little or much, depending on the spiritual capacity of the student” (A New Witness for the Articles of Faith, Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1985, p. 71). 9. Nephi attempted to teach his brothers that they could know the meaning of their father’s prophetic utterances, “which were hard to be understood, save a man should inquire of the Lord” (1 Nephi 15:3). Nephi told them if they did not harden their hearts and would keep the commandments and inquire of the Lord in faith, “surely these things shall be made known unto you” (1 Nephi 15:11). 10. If we harden our hearts, reject continuing revelation, and limit our learning to what we can obtain by study and reason on the precise language of the present canon of scriptures, our understanding will be limited to what Alma called “the lesser portion of the word” (Alma 12:11). If we seek and accept revelation and inspiration to enlarge our understanding of the scriptures, we will realize a fulfillment of Nephi’s inspired promise that those who diligently seek will have “the mysteries of God … unfolded unto them, by the power of the Holy Ghost” (1 Nephi 10:19). 11. To illustrate this essential truth, consider the fact that the most important knowledge we can obtain is a testimony of the Father and the Son. This vital knowledge is received through the witness of the Holy Ghost (see D&C 20:27). Many of the other things mentioned in the scriptures can be comprehended only by the inspiration of the Holy Ghost. In the words of the Apostle Paul, “The things of God knoweth no man, except he has the Spirit of God” (JST, 1 Corinthians 2:11). 12. We become receptive to inspiration and revelation by obedience to the commandments of God, by prayer, and by attention to the teachings of the living prophets. Their words serve as a guide for each of us, in scripture interpretation as in other matters. 13. The Lord promised Nephi: “Unto him that receiveth I will give more; and from them that shall say, We have enough, from them shall be taken away even that which they have” (2 Nephi 28:30; see also Matt. 13:12). That verse capsulizes the Latter-day Saint belief in the importance of continuing revelation as we read and interpret the scriptures. Even if there were no additional revelations to be added to the published canon, an open canon would still be an essential part of our belief and practice in scripture reading. We believe that the scriptures, which are the revelations of the past, cannot be understood without openness to the revelations of the present. 14. Just as continuing revelation enlarges and illuminates the scriptures, so also a study of the scriptures enables men and women to receive revelations. Elder Bruce R. McConkie said, “I sometimes think that one of the bestkept secrets of the kingdom is that the scriptures open the door to the receipt Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 6 of revelation” (Doctrines of the Restoration, ed. Mark L. McConkie, Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1989, p. 243). This happens because scripture reading puts us in tune with the Spirit of the Lord. 15. The idea that scripture reading can lead to inspiration and revelation opens the door to the truth that a scripture is not limited to what it meant when it was written but may also include what that scripture means to a reader today. Even more, scripture reading may also lead to current revelation on whatever else the Lord wishes to communicate to the reader at that time. We do not overstate the point when we say that the scriptures can be a Urim and Thummim to assist each of us to receive personal revelation. 16. Because we believe that scripture reading can help us receive revelation, we are encouraged to read the scriptures again and again. By this means, we obtain access to what our Heavenly Father would have us know and do in our personal lives today. That is one reason Latter-day Saints believe in daily scripture study. 17. Similarly, what a scripture in the Book of Mormon meant to me when I first read it at age sixteen is not conclusive upon me as I read it at age sixty. With the benefit of my life’s experiences and with my greater familiarity with revelation, I can learn things that were not available to me yesterday by reading the scriptures today. 18. Another reason for repeated reading of the scriptures is that many of the prophecies and doctrinal passages in the scriptures have multiple meanings. The Savior affirmed that fact when he told his disciples that the reason he taught the multitude in parables was that this permitted him to teach them “the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven” (Matt. 13:11) while not revealing those mysteries to the multitude. His parables had multiple meanings or applications according to the spiritual maturity of the listener. They had a message for both children and gospel scholars. 19. Other illustrations of multiple meanings occur in the prophecies and visions recorded in the scriptures. Elder McConkie observed that “some of the [Savior’s] prophetic utterances [in 3 Nephi 21] apply to both preand post-millennial events; some have an initial and partial fulfillment in our day and shall have a second and grander completion in the days ahead” (The Millennial Messiah, Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1982, p. 251). Similarly, in answer to his brothers’ questions about the meaning of Isaiah’s words in the brass plates, Nephi explained that these words spoke of “things both temporal and spiritual” (1 Nephi 22:3). 20. The book of Isaiah contains numerous prophecies that seem to have multiple fulfillments. One seems to involve the people of Isaiah’s day or the circumstances of the next generation. Another meaning, often symbolic, seems to refer to events in the meridian of time, when Jerusalem was destroyed and her people scattered after the crucifixion of the Son of God. Still another meaning or fulfillment of the same prophecy seems to relate to the events attending the Second Coming of the Savior. The fact that many of these prophecies can have multiple meanings underscores the importance of our seeking revelation from the Holy Ghost to help us interpret them. As Nephi says, the words of Isaiah “are plain unto all those that are filled Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 7 with the spirit of prophecy” (2 Nephi 25:4). 21. Another illustration of multiple meanings concerns the prophecy in the book of Joel that in the last days the Lord will pour out his spirit upon all flesh and that our sons and our daughters will prophesy (see Joel 2:28). On the day of Pentecost, the Apostle Peter declared that the events they had witnessed were those “spoken by the prophet Joel” (Acts 2:16). Eighteen hundred years later, the angel Moroni quoted this same prophecy and said that “this was not yet fulfilled, but was soon to be” (JS—H 41). 22. The principle that scriptures can have multiple meanings also helps us appreciate the fact that a single scripture may be given to us in more than one set of words. For example, Moroni quoted the prophecy of Malachi quite differently than it appears in the Bible. (Compare Mal. 4:5–6 with JS—H 1:38–39.) We believe that both accounts are scripturally and doctrinally correct and that the differences of expression are attributable to the different aspects of salvation for the dead being stressed in these two different circumstances (see D&C 128:17). 23. Those who believe the scriptural canon is closed typically approach the reading of scriptures by focusing on what was meant at the time the scriptural words were spoken or written. In this approach, a passage of scripture may appear to have a single meaning and the reader typically relies on scholarship and historical methods to determine it. 24. The Latter-day Saint approach is different. Professor Hugh Nibley illuminates this in his essay “The Prophets and the Scripture.” He observes that “men fool themselves when they think for a moment that they can read the scripture without ever adding something to the text, or omitting something from it. For in the wise words of St. Hilary, … ‘Scripture consists not in what one reads, but in what one understands.’ ” Consequently, he continues, “in the reading of the scripture we must always have an interpreter” (The World and the Prophets, The Collected Works of Hugh Nibley, 12 vols., Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1987, 3:202). 25. He concludes: The question is not whether or not one shall add to the word of the scripture—thousands of volumes of learned commentary have already done that—but whether such addition shall come by the wisdom of men or the revelation of God” (ibid., p. 206). 26. Latter-day Saints know that true doctrine comes by revelation from God, not by scholarship or worldly wisdom (see Moses 5:58). Similarly, the Apostle Paul wrote that we are not “sufficient of ourselves to think any thing as of ourselves; but our sufficiency is of God” (2 Corinthians 3:5). Rather than trusting in our own interpretations of written texts, we rely on God and the glorious “ministration of the spirit” (2 Corinthians 3:8). Here we encounter a new meaning of Paul’s familiar teaching that true believers are “ministers … of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life” (2 Corinthians 3:6). 27. Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery set the example for this dispensation. After their baptism, they were filled with the Holy Ghost. Then, as Joseph explained in his personal history, “Our minds being now enlightened, we began to have the scriptures laid Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 8 open to our understandings, and the true meaning and intention of their more mysterious passages revealed unto us in a manner which we never could attain to previously, nor ever before had thought of” (JS—H 1:74). 28. Latter-day Saints know that learned or authoritative commentaries can help us with scriptural interpretation, but we maintain that they must be used with caution. 29. Commentaries are not a substitute for the scriptures any more than a good cookbook is a substitute for food. (When I refer to “commentaries,” I refer to everything that interprets scripture, from the comprehensive book-length commentary to the brief interpretation embodied in a lesson or an article, such as this Nephi) 30. One trouble with commentaries is that their authors sometimes focus on only one meaning, to the exclusion of others. As a result, commentaries, if not used with great care, may illuminate the author’s chosen and correct meaning but close our eyes and restrict our horizons to other possible meanings. Sometimes those other, less obvious meanings can be the ones most valuable and useful to us as we seek to understand our own dispensation and to obtain answers to our own questions. This is why the teaching of the Holy Ghost is a better guide to scriptural interpretation than even the best commentary. 31. As Paul told Timothy, “all scripture is given by inspiration of God” (2 Tim. 3:16; also see 2 Pet. 1:21). This means that in order to understand scripture, our minds need to be enlightened by the Spirit of the Lord. As we learn from the fiftieth section of the Doctrine and Covenants, “he that receiveth the word by the Spirit of truth receiveth it as it is preached by the Spirit of truth” (D&C 50:21). When this happens, the reader is edified by personal revelation. 32. President Spencer W. Kimball told the members of the Church that he was “convinced that each of us, at some time in our lives, must discover the scriptures for ourselves” (Ensign, Sept. 1976, p. 4). When we do that, we can obtain revelation. If we depend only upon our own reasoning or the scholarship or commentaries of others, we will never obtain the understanding that can come only by revelation. Persons in that circumstance will be left forever with what Alma calls “the lesser portion of the word” (Alma 12:11). © 2006 Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. Thought Questions 1. In what ways do I limit myself to the lesser portion of the word? 2. What must I do to make the scriptures become a modern day Urim and Thummim? 3. What can I do to ensure I receive the greater portion of the word as I study the scriptures? 4. What one scriptural promise would I like to see happen this semester as I immerse myself in scriptures? Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 9 PROMISES President Ezra Taft Benson said: "More than at any time in our history, brothers and sisters, we have need for greater spirituality. The way to develop greater spirituality is to feast on the words of Christ as revealed in the scriptures" (in Conference Report, Apr. 1984, 7; or Ensign, May 1984, 7). The Canon is Open New additions to existing scriptures through prophets. New revelations on the meaning of scripture already in the canon. Public revelation through prophets. Private revelation to individual seekers of truth. What it meant when it was written. What it may mean to the reader today. Anything else the Lord wishes to communicate. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 10 Statements from the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Regarding the Promises Associated with Searching the Scriptures President Joseph Smith He that can mark the power of Omnipotence inscribed upon the heavens, can also see God's own handwriting in the sacred volume: and he who reads it oftenest will like it best, and he who is acquainted with it, will know the hand wherever he can see it; and when once discovered, it will not only receive an acknowledgment, but an obedience to all its heavenly precepts (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, Section Two 1834-37 p.56). President Spencer W. Kimball Scripture study is a family responsibility. Scripture study as individuals and as a family is most fundamental to learning the gospel. Daily reading of the scriptures and discussing them together has long been suggested as a powerful tool against ignorance and the temptations of Satan. . . . Home is where we become experts and scholars in gospel righteousness. We shall indeed find answers to our problems and peace in our hearts. We shall experience the Holy Ghost broadening our understanding, find new insights, witness an unfolding pattern of all scripture; and the doctrines of the Lord shall come to have more meaning to us than we ever thought possible. (Spencer W. Kimball, The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball, 129, 135.) President Ezra Taft Benson As I add my voice to these wise and inspired brethren and say to you that one of the most important things you can do as priesthood leaders is to immerse yourselves in the scriptures. Search them diligently. Feast upon the words of Christ. Learn the doctrine Nephi Master the principles that are found therein….Few other efforts….will bring greater dividends to your calling…..Few other ways [will result in] greater inspiration (Ezra Taft Benson, in Conference Report, Oct. 1986, 61; or Ensign, Nov. 1986, 47). It is not just that the Book of Mormon teaches us truth, though it indeed does that. It is not just that the Book of Mormon bears testimony of Christ, though it indeed does that, too. But there is something more. There is a power in the book which will begin to flow into your lives the moment you begin a serious study of the book. You will find greater power to resist temptation. You will find the power to avoid deception. You will find the power to stay on the strait and narrow path. The scriptures are called “the words of life” (D&C 84:85), and nowhere is that more true than it is of the Book of Mormon. When you begin to hunger and thirst after those words, you will find life in greater and greater abundance (Ezra Taft Benson, in Conference Report, Oct. 1986, 6; or Ensign, Nov. 1986, 7). Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 11 President Gordon B. Hinckley I promise you that if you will read the words of that writing which we call scripture, there will come into your heart an understanding and a warmth that will be pleasing to experience. ‘Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me.’ (John 5:39) (Gordon B. Hinckley, Teachings of Gordon B. Hinckley, 572). Elder Joseph B. Wirthlin Through daily study of the scriptures and the words of the modern-day prophets, we can keep our values in line with the will of our Heavenly Father. The scriptures lead us to the fountain of living waters, or to the tree of life; which waters are a representation of the love of God (1 Nephi 11:25). (Joseph B. Wirthlin, in Conference Report, Oct. 1990, 83; or Ensign, Nov. 1990, 66) Elder Dallin H. Oaks The Apostle Paul taught that the scriptures are given by inspiration of God and are profitable for instruction in righteousness (2 Timothy 3:16). We obtain instruction in righteousness from the experiences recorded in the scriptures. They provide what we might call case studies of the results of keeping or breaking the commandments of God. (Dallin H. Oaks, in Conference Report, Oct. 1992, 52; or Ensign, Nov. 1992, 37) Elder M. Russell Ballard Just think of the spiritual strength we could gain in our lives and how much more effective we would be as teachers, missionaries, and friends if we studied the scriptures regularly. I am sure we, like Hyrum, will be able to endure our greatest trials if we search the word of God as he did. (M. Russell Ballard, in Conference Report, Oct. 1995, 6; or Ensign, Nov. 1995, 7) Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 12 Elder Richard G. Scott How can you receive the greatest happiness and blessings from this earth experience? Learn the doctrinal foundation of the great plan of happiness by studying the scriptures, pondering their content, and praying to understand them. (Richard G. Scott, in Conference Report, Oct. 1996, 103; or Ensign, Nov. 1996, 75). Thought Questions 1. What promises does the Prophet Joseph Smith make regarding the scriptures? 2. List three promises President Benson makes to members of the church if they will study the Word? 3. What does President Kimball promise if we will study the scriptures as individuals and as families? 4. Elder Wirthlin said the scriptures will lead us to what? 5. Elder Oaks suggests the scriptures are case study for what? 6. According to Elder Ballard the scriptures will make more effective in what areas of our lives? 7. What did Elder Scott promise we can receive if we come to understand the doctrine of the great plan of happiness as taught in the scriptures? 8. What two promises does President Hinckley make to all who will search the scriptures? Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 13 Scriptural Promises Worksheet Name _________________________________________ Scripture Joshua 1:8 Brief Summary Promises Psalm 119:105 1 Nephi 1:12 1 Nephi 15:24 2 Nephi 32:3 Jacob 2:8 Alma 17:2 Helaman 15:7-8 Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 14 Acquiring Spiritual Knowledge upon [us] by the Lord, but a marvelous blessing and opportunity” (Ensign, Nov. 1986, p. 47). 6. President Spencer commented: Elder Richard G. Scott Of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 1. You wonderful, righteous members of this church constantly inspire and motivate me. Thank you for your zest for life, your generous giving of self, your devotion, and your determination to live worthily. I also express gratitude to our many friends who have joined us through these conference sessions. May the messages given bless your lives. 2. Recently in South America a youth inquired, “Can you give us suggestions that will help us know the Savior better and be able to constantly follow His example?” That meaningful question and others like it have prompted this message on acquiring spiritual knowledge. 3. President Ezra Taft Benson emphasized the importance of spiritual knowledge, saying: 4. “We should make daily study of the scriptures a lifetime pursuit. … The most important [thing] you can do … is to immerse yourselves in the scriptures. Search them diligently. … Learn the doctrine Master the principles. … 5. “You must … see that … searching the scriptures is not a burden laid W. Kimball 7. “Spiritual learning takes precedence. The secular without the foundation of the spiritual is … like the foam upon the milk, the fleeting shadow. … One need not choose between the two … for there is opportunity to get both simultaneously” (The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball, ed. Edward L. Kimball, Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1982, p. 390). 8. As you seek spiritual knowledge, search for principles. Carefully separate them from the detail used to explain them. Principles are concentrated truth, packaged for application to a wide variety of circumstances. A true principle makes decisions clear even under the most confusing and compelling circumstances. It is worth great effort to organize the truth we gather to simple statements of principle. I have tried to do that with gaining spiritual knowledge. The result is now shared in hope that it will be a beginning place for your study. That statement of principle is: 9. To acquire spiritual knowledge and to obey it with wisdom, one must: 10. • In humility, seek divine light. 11. • Exercise faith in Jesus Christ. 12. • Hearken to His counsel. 13. • Keep His commandments. 14. As spiritual knowledge unfolds, it must be understood, valued, obeyed, remembered, and expanded. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 15 15. I will explain that statement using examples from the scriptures, the prophets, and the precious, though difficult, laboratory of personal experience. My desire is that the suggestions given will help you in your quest for spiritual truth throughout your life. Then, in time, you may accomplish this objective given by President Joseph F. Smith: 16. “The greatest achievement mankind can make in this world is to familiarize themselves with divine truth, so thoroughly, so perfectly, that the example or conduct of no creature living in the world can ever turn them away from the knowledge that they have obtained. … 17. “From my boyhood I have desired to learn the principles of the gospel in such a way … that it would matter not to me who might fall from the truth, … my foundation would be … certain in the truths … I have learned” (Gospel Doctrine, Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1939, pp. 3– 4). 18. Like President Smith, you and I need that kind of secure anchor to keep our life centered in righteousness and to avoid being swept away by the ruthless waves of worldliness. 19. The following scriptures teach why we should seek divine light. 20. “Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path” (Ps. 119:105; emphasis added). 21. “I, the Lord, … will be a light unto them forever, that hear my words” (2 Nephi 10:14; emphasis added). 22. “It is I that speak; … I am the light which shineth in darkness, and by my power I give these words unto thee. … 23. “Put your trust in that Spirit which leadeth to do good—yea, to do justly, to walk humbly, to judge righteously; and this is my Spirit. … 24. “I will impart unto you of my Spirit, which shall enlighten your mind, which shall fill your soul with joy; 25. “And … by this shall you know, all things whatsoever you desire of me, which are pertaining unto things of righteousness, in faith believing in me that you shall receive” (D&C 11:11–14; emphasis added). 26. Analogies with physical light help us understand the power of spiritual light. A bulb ignited in a dark room overpowers darkness. Yet if the darkness is too intense, it can overpower light, as with a bulb plunged into a bucket of black ink. Spiritual light overcomes the darkness of ignorance and disbelief. When transgression severely clouds a life, the focused spiritual truths of repentance cut the blackness as a laser penetrates the darkest ink. 27. Humility is essential to the acquiring of spiritual knowledge. To be humble is to be teachable. Humility permits you to be tutored by the Spirit and to be taught from sources inspired by the Lord, such as the scriptures. The seeds of personal growth and understanding germinate and flourish in the fertile soil of humility. Their fruit is spiritual knowledge to guide you here and hereafter. 28. A proud individual cannot know the things of the Spirit. Paul taught this truth, saying: 29. “The things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God. … 30. “But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 16 are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned” (1 Corinthians 2:11, 14). 31. Since it requires much personal effort to gain and use worthwhile knowledge, you cannot endlessly sample from every fascinating arena of life. Therefore, you should select carefully a few vital areas where you can focus energy to learn and share vital truths. I know that to gain knowledge of great worth requires extraordinary personal effort. This is particularly true when our desire is to obtain spiritual knowledge. President Kimball said it this way: 32. “The treasures of both secular and spiritual knowledge are hidden ones—but hidden from those who do not properly search and strive to find them. … Spiritual knowledge is not available merely for the asking; even prayers are not enough. It takes persistence and dedication of one’s life. … Of all treasures of knowledge, the most vital is the knowledge of God” (The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball, pp. 389–90). 33. Brigham Young learned truth by carefully listening to Joseph Smith and striving to understand everything that was taught by word, example, or the Spirit. The resulting tutoring has blessed generations. It conditioned Brigham Young to learn additional truths and to share far more than he had received personally from Joseph Smith. Follow his example. 34. The need to exercise faith in Jesus Christ is absolutely essential. It is the foundation of the plan of salvation. When that exercise of faith is coupled with sincere effort based upon a willingness to hearken to His counsel, great personal growth and blessings declared: follow. The Savior 35. “I now give unto you a commandment … to give diligent heed to the words of eternal life. 36. “For you shall live by every word that proceedeth forth from the mouth of God. 37. “For the word of the Lord is truth, and whatsoever is truth is light, and whatsoever is light is Spirit, even the Spirit of Jesus Christ. 38. “And the Spirit giveth light to every man that cometh into the world; and the Spirit enlighteneth every man through the world, that hearkeneth to the voice of the Spirit. 39. “And every one that hearkeneth to the voice of the Spirit cometh unto … the Father” (D&C 84:43–47; emphasis added). 40. The role of obedience in gaining spiritual knowledge is crucial, as this comment of President Joseph Fielding Smith confirms: 41. “Now the Lord would give us gifts. He will quicken our minds. He will give us … a knowledge that will be so deeply rooted in our souls that [it] … can never be rooted out, if we will just seek for the light … and the understanding which is promised to us, and which we can receive if we will only be true and faithful to every covenant and obligation pertaining to the gospel of Jesus Christ” (in Conference Report, Oct. 1958, p. 22). 42. To keep the commandments, you must know them. The best single source for learning them is the scriptures. President Joseph Fielding Smith gave this admonition: Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 17 43. “Today we are troubled by evildesigning persons who [endeavor] … to destroy the testimonies of members of the Church, and many … are in danger because of lack of understanding and because they have not sought the guidance of the Spirit. … It is a commandment from the Lord that members … be diligent … and study … the fundamental truths of the gospel. … Every baptized person [can] have an abiding testimony. … but [it] … will grow dim and eventually disappear [without] … study, obedience, and diligent seeking to know and understand the truth” (in Conference Report, Oct. 1963, p. 22). 44. Profound spiritual truth cannot simply be poured from one mind and heart to another. It takes faith and diligent effort. Precious truth comes a small piece at a time through faith, with great exertion, and at times wrenching struggles. The Lord intends it be that way so that we can mature and progress. Moroni said, “Dispute not because ye see not, for ye receive no witness until after the trial of your faith” (Ether 12:6). To explain that truth, President Harold B. Lee gave this wise instruction: 45. “The Savior’s blood, His atonement, will save us, but only after we have done all we can to save ourselves by keeping His commandments. All of the principles of the gospel are principles of promise by which the plans of the Almighty are unfolded to us” (Ye Are the Light of the World, Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1974, p. 245). 46. As packets of knowledge unfold, they must be understood, valued, obeyed, remembered, and expanded. I’ll explain: 47. • Understood. As each element of truth is encountered, you must carefully examine it in the light of prior knowledge to determine where it fits. Ponder it; inspect it inside out. Study it from every vantage point to discover hidden meaning. View it in perspective to confirm you have not jumped to false conclusions. Prayerful reflection yields further understanding. Such evaluation is particularly important when the truth comes as an impression of the Spirit. 48. • Valued. You show knowledge is valued by expressing appreciation for it, especially in heartfelt prayers of gratitude. The Lord said: “He who receiveth all things with thankfulness shall be made glorious; and the things of this earth shall be added unto him, even an hundred fold, yea, more” (D&C 78:19). 49. • Obeyed. Obedient application of truth is the surest way of making it eternally yours. The wise use of knowledge will permeate your life with its precious fruit. 50. • Remembered. Powerful spiritual direction in your life can be overcome or forced into the background unless you provide a way to retain it. Brigham Young declared, “If you love the truth you can remember it” (Discourses of Brigham Young, sel. John A. Widtsoe, Salt Lake City: Deseret Book Co., 1954, p. 10). Knowledge carefully recorded is knowledge available in time of need. Spiritually sensitive information should be kept in a sacred place that communicates to the Lord how you treasure it. That practice enhances the likelihood of your receiving further light. 51. • Expanded. This thought refers to rich benefits that come from your efforts to enlarge, extend, and Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 18 increase your understanding of truth. Use the scriptures and the declarations of the prophets to expand your knowledge. You will find that efforts to share knowledge are often rewarded with more understanding as additional light flows into your mind and heart (see D&C 8:2–3). 52. We have come to the end of a great conference. Through its messages, you have been given inspired truth without much effort on your part. Make these truths yours through study and thoughtful application and by emulating a prophet of God, Spencer W. Kimball, who at the conclusion of a conference, taught: 53. “While sitting here, I have made up my mind that when I go home from this conference this night there are many, many areas in my life that I can perfect. I have made a mental list of them, and I expect to go to work as soon as we get through with conference” (in Conference Report, Oct. 1975, p. 164). 54. The privilege of learning absolute truth is sacred to me. I stand in awe that our Heavenly Father and His Beloved Son are willing, even anxious for us to learn from them. Please use what I have shared with sensitivity for the wondrous privilege given each of us, willing to obey, to be taught eternal truth. Gaining spiritual knowledge is not a mechanical process. It is a sacred privilege based upon spiritual law. I testify that you can receive inspired help. Humbly ask your Eternal Father. Seek divine light. Exercise faith in the Savior. Strive to hearken to His counsel and obey His commandments. He will bless and lead you as you move through this sometimes treacherous world. 55. I solemnly testify that Jesus Christ guides this, His church. He knows and loves you personally. As you walk in faithful obedience, He will bless you, inspire you, and lead you to greater knowledge and capacity. I certify that He lives, in the name of Jesus Christ, amen. © 2006 Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 19 Habits Elder Bruce R. McConkie, said: “I think that people who study the scriptures get a dimension to their life that nobody else gets and that can't be gained in any way except by studying the scriptures. "There's an increase in faith and a desire to do what's right and a feeling of inspiration and understanding that comes to people who study the gospel—meaning particularly the Standard Works— and who ponder the principles, that can't come in any other way" (in David Croft, "Spare Time's Rare to Apostle," Church News, 24 Jan. 1976, 4 Statements from the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Regarding the Promises Associated with Studying the Scriptures President Ezra Taft Benson Always remember, there is no satisfactory substitute for the scriptures and the words of the living prophets. These should be your original sources. Read and ponder more what the Lord has said, and less about what others have written concerning what the Lord said. Ezra Taft Benson, “The Gospel Teacher and His Message,” Address to religious educators, 17 September 1976. down the stream after the cattle have waded in it. . . . I appreciate other people’s interpretation, but when it comes to the gospel we ought to be acquainted with what the Lord says. Marion G. Romney, Address to Seminary and Institute Coordinators, 13 April 1973. President Gordon B Hinckley I do not concern myself much with reading long commentary volumes designed to enlarge at length upon that which is found in the scriptures. Rather, I prefer to dwell with the source, tasting of the unadulterated waters of the fountain of truth—the word of God as he gave it and as it has been recorded in the books we accept as scripture. Where there are questions, or where cross-referencing will help, the tools in the new editions will be invaluable. Through reading the scriptures, we can gain the assurance of the Spirit that that which we read has come of God for the enlightenment, blessing, and joy of his children. Gordon B. Hinckley, “Feasting upon the Scriptures,” Ensign, Dec. 1985, 45. Elder Marion G Romney I don’t know much about the gospel other than what I’ve learned from the standard works. When I drink from a spring I like to get the water where it comes out of the ground, not Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 20 Elder Dallin H. Oaks Commentaries are not a substitute for the scriptures any more than a good cookbook is a substitute for food. . . . One trouble with commentaries is that their authors sometimes focus on only one meaning, to the exclusion of others. As a result, commentaries, if not used with great care, may illuminate the author’s chosen and correct meaning but close our eyes and restrict our horizons to other possible meanings. Sometimes those other, less obvious meanings can be the ones most valuable and useful to us as we seek to understand our own dispensation and to obtain answers to our own questions. This is why the teaching of the Holy Ghost is a better guide to scriptural interpretation than even the best commentary. Dallin H. Oaks, “Scripture Reading and Revelation,” Ensign, Jan. 1995. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 21 Reading the Scriptures Elder Howard W. Hunter Of the Council of the Twelve 1. When we follow the counsel of our leaders to read and study the scriptures, benefits and blessings of many kinds come to us. This is the most profitable of all study in which we could engage. The portion of scripture known as the Old and New Testaments is often referred to as the great literature of the world. These books have been regarded as scientific treatises, as philosophic dissertations, and also as historical records; but if we understand the true purpose of these and other scriptures, we realize that they are really the fundamental literature of religion. 2. The scriptural library contains the basic declarations concerning God and his children and the interrelationship between them. Throughout each of the books there is an appeal to believe and have faith in God the Eternal Father and in his son, Jesus Christ; and from the first to the last of these books of scripture is the call to do the will of God and keep his commandments. 3. Scriptures contain the record of the self-revelation of God, and through them God speaks to man. Where could there be more profitable use of time than reading from the scriptural library the literature that teaches us to know God and understand our relationship to him? Time is always precious to busy people, and we are robbed of its worth when hours are wasted in reading or viewing that which is frivolous and of little value. 4. Reading habits vary widely. There are rapid readers and slow readers, some who read only small snatches at a time and others who persist without stopping until the book is finished. Those who delve into the scriptural library, however, find that to understand requires more than casual reading or perusal—there must be concentrated study. It is certain that one who studies the scriptures every day accomplishes far more than one who devotes considerable time one day and then lets days go by before continuing. Not only should we study each day, but there should be a regular time set aside when we can concentrate without interference. 5. There is nothing more helpful than prayer to open our understanding of the scriptures. Through prayer we can attune our minds to seek the answers to our searchings. The Lord said: “Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you” (Luke 11:9). Herein is Christ’s reassurance that if we will ask, seek, and knock, the Holy Spirit will guide our understanding if we are ready and eager to receive. 6. Many find that the best time to study is in the morning after a night’s rest has cleared the mind of the many cares that interrupt thought. Others prefer to study in the quiet hours after the work and worries of the day are over and brushed aside, thus ending the day with a peace and tranquility that comes by communion with the scriptures. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 22 7. Perhaps what is more important than the hour of the day is that a regular time be set aside for study. It would be ideal if an hour could be spent each day; but if that much cannot be had, a half hour on a regular basis would result in substantial accomplishment. A quarter of an hour is little time, but it is surprising how much enlightenment and knowledge can be acquired in a subject so meaningful. The important thing is to allow nothing else to ever interfere with our study. 8. Some prefer to study alone, but companions can study together profitably. Families are greatly blessed when wise fathers and mothers bring their children about them, read from the pages of the scriptural library together, and then discuss freely the beautiful stories and thoughts according to the understanding of all. Often youth and little ones have amazing insight into and appreciation for the basic literature of religion. 9. We should not be haphazard in our reading but rather develop a systematic plan for study. There are some who read to a schedule of a number of pages or a set number of chapters each day or week. This may be perfectly justifiable and may be enjoyable if one is reading for pleasure, but it does not constitute meaningful study. It is better to have a set amount of time to give scriptural study each day than to have a set amount of chapters to read. Sometimes we find that the study of a single verse will occupy the whole time. 10. The life, acts, and teachings of Jesus can be read rapidly. The stories are simple in most instances and the stories are simply told. The Master used few words in his teachings, but each one is so concise in meaning that together they portray a clear image to the reader. Sometimes, however, many hours might be spent in contemplation of profound thoughts expressed in a few simple words. 11. There was an incident in the life of the Savior that was mentioned by Matthew, Mark, and Luke. A significant part of the story is told by Mark in only two short verses and five words of the following verse. Let me read them to you. 12. “And, behold, there cometh one of the rulers of the synagogue, Jairus by name; and when he saw him [that is, when he saw Jesus], he fell at his feet, 13. “And besought him greatly, saying, My little daughter lieth at the point of death: I pray thee, come and lay thy hands on her, that she may be healed; and she shall live. 14. “And Jesus went with him” (Mark 5:22–24). 15. The reading time of that portion of the story is about thirty seconds. It is short and uncomplicated. The visual picture is clear and even a child could repeat it without difficulty. But as we spend time in thought and contemplation, a great depth of understanding and meaning comes to us. We conclude that this is more than a simple story about a little girl who was sick and Jesus went to lay his hands on her. Let me read these words to you again: 16. “And, behold.” The word behold is used frequently in scripture with a wide variety of meanings. Its use in this instance designates suddenness or unexpectedness. Jesus and those who were with him had just recrossed Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 23 the Sea of Galilee, and a multitude of people who had been waiting met him on the shore near Capernaum. “And, behold [suddenly and unexpectedly], there cometh one of the rulers of the synagogue.” The larger synagogues of that day were presided over by a college of elders under the direction of a chief or a ruler. This was a man of rank and prestige whom the Jews looked upon with great respect. 17. Matthew doesn’t give the name of this chief elder, but Mark identifies him by adding to his title the words, “Jairus by name.” Nowhere else in the scriptures does this man or his name appear except on this occasion, yet his memory lives in history because of a brief contact with Jesus. Many, many lives have become memorable that otherwise would have been lost in obscurity had it not been for the touch of the Master’s hand that made a significant change of thought and action and a new and better life. 18. “And when he saw him [that is, when Jairus saw Jesus], he fell at his feet.” 19. This was an unusual circumstance for a man of rank and prestige, a ruler of the synagogue, to kneel at Jesus’ feet—at the feet of one considered to be an itinerant teacher with the gift of healing. Many others of learning and prestige saw Jesus also but ignored him. Their minds were closed. Today is no different; obstacles stand in the way of many to accept him. 20. “And [Jairus] besought him greatly, saying, My little daughter lieth at the point of death.” This is typical of what happens frequently when a man comes to Christ, not so much for his own need, but because of the desperate need of a loved one The tremor we hear in Jairus’s voice as he speaks of “My little daughter” stirs our souls with sympathy as we think of this man of high position in the synagogue on his knees before the Savior. 21. Then comes a great acknowledgement of faith: “I pray thee, come and lay thy hands on her, that she may be healed; and she shall live.” These are not only the words of faith of a father torn with grief but are also a reminder to us that whatever Jesus lays his hands upon lives. If Jesus lays his hands upon a marriage, it lives. If he is allowed to lay his hands on the family, it lives. 22. The words, “and Jesus went with him” follow. We would not suppose that this event had been within the plans for the day. The Master had come back across the sea where the multitude was waiting on the shore for him to teach them. “And behold”—suddenly and unexpectedly—he was interrupted by the plea of a father. He could have ignored the request because many others were waiting. He could have said to Jairus that he would come to see his daughter tomorrow, but “Jesus went with him.” If we follow in the footsteps of the Master, would we ever be too busy to ignore the needs of our fellowmen? 23. It is not necessary to read the remainder of the story. When they got to the home of the ruler of the synagogue, Jesus took the little girl by the hand and raised her from the dead. In like manner, he will lift and raise every man to a new and better life who will permit the Savior to take him by the hand. 24. I am grateful for the library of scripture through which a greater knowledge of Jesus Christ can be learned by devoted study. I am Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 24 grateful that in addition to the Old and New Testaments, the Lord, through prophets of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, has added other revealed scripture as additional witnesses for Christ—the Book of Mormon, the Doctrine and Covenants, and the Pearl of Great Price—all of which I know to be the word of God. These bear witness that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the living God. 25. May the Lord bless us in our study and righteous quest to seek him, I pray in the name of Jesus Christ. Amen. © 2006 Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. Instructions: Read the first ten paragraphs of Elder Hunter’s talk looking for things he suggests that you do as part of your regular scripture study—things that ought to become habits for your study. List below everything you can find: Now read paragraphs 11-25 and look for the techniques or scripture study skills you see Elder Hunter illustrating. Make a list of as many different skills as you can find: Four Habits of Successful Scripture Study 1. 2. 3. 4. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 25 Writing: Practice in Alma 36. Elder Richard G. Scott taught: “Knowledge carefully recorded is knowledge available in time of need. Spiritually sensitive information should be kept in a sacred place that communicates to the Lord how you treasure it. That practice enhances the likelihood of your receiving further light.” Richard G. Scott, Ensign, Nov. 1993, p.86 Marking (on the text) What did you mark in Alma 36? Annotating (in the text) What notes in the margins or footnotes have you added? Note Taking (outside of the text) What notes did you write in a journal or note book? Thought Questions 1. Why is writing such an important part of scripture study? 2. How can the tool of writing as part of your scripture study improve your ability to receive revelation 3. Will you begin to make writing a part of scripture study routine? Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 26 Statements from Latter-day prophets Regarding the Promises Associated with Recording Effectively our Thoughts and Feelings as Study the Scriptures Prophet Joseph Smith If you assemble from time to time, and proceed to discuss important questions, and pass decisions upon the same, and fail to note them down, by and by you will be driven to straits from which you will not be able to extricate yourselves, because you may be in a situation not to bring your faith to bear with sufficient perfection or power to obtain the desired information; or, perhaps, for neglecting to write these things when God had revealed them, not esteeming them of sufficient worth, the Spirit may withdraw, and God may be angry. Joseph Smith, minutes of Instruction to the Council of the Twelve, 27 Feb. 1835 priority as to put it aside. Neal A. Maxwell, Press Forward, p. 122 Elder Richard G. Scott Knowledge carefully recorded is knowledge available in time of need. Spiritually sensitive information should be kept in a sacred place that communicates to the Lord how you treasure it. That practice enhances the likelihood of your receiving further light. Richard G. Scott, Ensign, Nov. 1993, p.86 Elder Neal A. Maxwell The prompting that goes unresponded to may not be repeated. Writing down what we have been prompted with is vital. A special thought can be lost later in the day in the rough and tumble of life. God should not, and may not, choose to repeat the prompting if we assign what was given such a low Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 27 Prepare $ Seek $ Do Ezra 7:10 suggests a process for scripture study which can benefit us: For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the Lord and to do it. . . . (Emphasis added). 1. Prepare your heart. A. Preparation is essential for success. B. You can prepare your heart as you: 1 Have Faith. 2. Be Humble. 3. Pray Always. 4. Be Obedient. C. Some useful habits are: 1. Study every day. 2. Try to eliminate interference. 3. Begin with prayer. 4. Study for a set amount of time. 2. Seek the Law of the Lord. To seek is to try to discover or acquire; it requires us to do more than just read. A. With our heart prepared, we can seek in the scriptures by using the study helps and various study approaches: 1. Principles of Substitution. 2. Determine the Setting. 3. Look for Flag Phrases. 4. Clustering. 5. Look for Lists. 6. Look for Cause and Effect. 7. Visualize. 8. Understand Symbolism. 9. Look for Principles. B. Additional considerations are: 1. Context 2. Literary Styles 3. Writing to Learn 4. Seeking Christ in Scripture 3. Do it. A. B. The ultimate goal of scripture study is to better live the gospel. It is in the doing that the real blessing comes. Do it! That’s our motto (Spencer W. Kimball, Ensign, May 1979, 100-101). We must apply to our daily lives the insight and understanding we’ve gained from seeking. Some ways we can do this are: 1. Ask, ASo what? 2. 3. Identify personal action items. Commit to do it. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 28 Prepare, Seek and Do (Set 4 goals and summarize each verse) President Kimball also taught: "I find that when I get casual in my relationships with divinity and when it seems that no divine ear is listening and no divine voice is speaking, that I am far, far away. If I immerse myself in the scriptures the distance narrows and the spirituality returns. I find myself loving more intensely those whom I must love with all my heart and mind and strength, and loving them more, I find it easier to abide their counsel" (Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball, 135). Prepare: What are four goals you are willing to set? D&C 93:36 (Summarize each verse) D&C 93:24 D&C 88:11 D&C 50:24 D&C 93:28 D&C 93:37 D&C 93:39 Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 29 A Reservoir of Living Water Elder David A. Bednar Of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles CES Fireside for Young Adults • February 4, 2007 • Brigham Young University only three or four days without water. Most of the world’s great centers of population are situated near sources of fresh water. Simply stated, life could not exist without the availability of and access to adequate supplies of clean water. Living Water 4. Given the vital role of water in sustaining all forms of life, the Savior’s use of the term “living water” is supernally significant. As described in the fourth chapter of John, Jesus and His disciples passed through Samaria as they were traveling from Judea to Galilee. In the city of Sychar they stopped at Jacob’s well. 1. Sister Bednar and I are grateful to meet with you tonight. As we travel the earth, we especially appreciate opportunities to gather with and learn from faithful young people like you. Tonight I pray for the assistance of the Holy Ghost as we worship together and seek in unity to be taught from on high (see D&C 43:16). 2. I want to begin by asking a simple question. What is the most valuable substance or commodity in the world? We might initially think that gold, oil, or diamonds have the greatest worth. But of all the minerals, metals, gems, and solvents found on and in the earth, the most valuable is water. 3. Life springs from water. Life is sustained by water. Water is the medium required to perform the various functions associated with all known forms of life. Our physical bodies are approximately two-thirds water. Whereas a person can survive for many days or even weeks without food, an individual will usually die in 5. “There cometh a woman of Samaria to draw water: Jesus saith unto her, Give me to drink. 6. “(For his disciples were gone away unto the city to buy meat.) 7. “Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans. 8. “Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water. 9. “The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is deep: from whence then hast thou that living water? . . . 10. “Jesus answered and said unto her, Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again: Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 30 11. “But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him all of water springing up into everlasting life” (John 4:7–11, 13–14). 12. The living water referred to in this episode is a representation of the Lord Jesus Christ and His gospel. And as water is necessary to sustain physical life, so the Savior and His doctrines, principles, and ordinances are essential for eternal life. You and I need His living water daily and in ample supply to sustain our ongoing spiritual growth and development. The Scriptures Are a Reservoir of Living Water 13. The scriptures contain the words of Christ and are a reservoir of living water to which we have ready access and from which we can drink deeply and long. You and I must look to and come unto Christ, who is “the fountain of living waters” (1 Nephi 11:25; compare Ether 8:26; 12:28), by reading (see Mosiah 1:5), studying (see D&C 26:1), searching (see John 5:39; Alma 17:2), and feasting (see 2 Nephi 32:3) upon the words of Christ as contained in the holy scriptures. By so doing, we can receive both spiritual direction and protection during our mortal journey. 14. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday Saints has a sacred stewardship to preserve the written revelations in purity and in safety (see D&C 42:56)—this precious reservoir of living water. A monumental work was accomplished by the Church in the 1970s and 1980s and resulted in the edition of the scriptures we enjoy today with extensive footnotes, crossreferences, and additional study aids, maps, and information. 15. As the updated scriptures were first introduced to the members of the Church in the early 1980s, Elder Boyd K. Packer prophesied: 16. “With the passing of years, these scriptures will produce successive generations of faithful Christians who know the Lord Jesus Christ and are disposed to obey His will. 17. “The older generation has been raised without them, but there is another generation growing up” (in Conference Report, Oct. 1982, 75; or Ensign, Nov. 1982, 53). 18. Twenty-four years have passed since Elder Packer spoke those words. And the generation to which he was referring is seated tonight in Church buildings all across the globe! He was talking about you, and he was talking about me. The vast majority of you have only known the scriptures as we have them today. Please keep that fact in mind as I continue to quote Elder Packer: 19. “The revelations will be opened to them as to no other in the history of the world. Into their hands now are placed the sticks of Joseph and of Judah. They will develop a gospel scholarship beyond that which their forebears could achieve. They will have the testimony that Jesus is the Christ and be competent to proclaim Him and to defend Him” (in Conference Report, Oct. 1982, 75; or Ensign, Nov. 1982, 53). 20. Not only are we blessed to have these scriptures so readily available to us today, but we also have the responsibility to use them consistently and effectively and to drink deeply from the reservoir of living water. I believe this generation of youth is more immersed in the scriptures, more deeply acquainted Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 31 with the words of the prophets, and more prone to turn to the revelations for answers than any previous generation. But we still have a great distance to travel along the strait and narrow path—more to learn, more to apply, and more to experience. Obtaining Living Water Scriptural Reservoir from the 21. I now want to review with you three basic ways or methods of obtaining living water from the scriptural reservoir: (1) reading the scriptures from beginning to end, (2) studying the scriptures by topic, and (3) searching the scriptures for connections, patterns, and themes. Each of these approaches can help satisfy our spiritual thirst if we invite the companionship and assistance of the Holy Ghost as we read, study, and search. 22. Reading a book of scripture from beginning to end initiates the flow of living water into our lives by introducing us to important stories, gospel doctrines, and timeless principles. This approach also enables us to learn about major characters in the scriptures and the sequence, timing, and context of events and teachings. Reading the written word in this way exposes us to the breadth of a volume of scripture. This is the first and most fundamental way of obtaining living water. Studying by topic typically follows, grows out of, and builds upon our reading of the scriptures from beginning to end. For example, as we read the Book of Mormon we may identify and seek to find answers to important doctrinal and practical questions such as these: • What is faith in the Savior? • Why is faith in Jesus Christ the first principle of the gospel? • Why and how does faith in the Redeemer lead to repentance? • How does the Atonement strengthen me to do things in my daily life that I could never do with my own limited capacity and in my own strength? 23. Focusing upon such questions and studying by topic, using the Topical Guide and index to the triple combination, allow us to dig into and explore the depth of the scriptures and obtain a much richer spiritual knowledge. This approach increases the rate at which living water flows into our lives. 24. Both reading from beginning to end and studying by topic are prerequisites to the third basic method of obtaining living water from the scriptural reservoir. Whereas reading a book of scripture from beginning to end provides a basic breadth of knowledge, studying by topic increases the depth of our knowledge. Searching in the revelations for connections, patterns, and themes builds upon and adds to our spiritual knowledge by bringing together and expanding these first two methods; it broadens our perspective and understanding of the plan of salvation. 25. In my judgment, diligently searching to discover connections, patterns, and themes is in part what it means to “feast” upon the words of Christ. This approach can open the floodgates of the spiritual reservoir, enlighten our understanding through His Spirit, and produce a depth of gratitude for the holy scriptures and a degree of spiritual commitment that can be received in no other way. Such searching enables us to build upon the rock of our Redeemer and to withstand the winds of wickedness in these latter days. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 32 26. I want to emphasize an essential point. You might initially assume that a person must have extensive formal education to use the methods I am describing. This assumption simply is not correct. Any honest seeker of truth, regardless of educational background, can successfully employ these simple approaches. You and I do not need sophisticated study aids and should not rely extensively upon the spiritual knowledge of others. We simply need to have a sincere desire to learn, the companionship of the Holy Ghost, the holy scriptures, and an active and inquiring mind. 27. The Prophet Joseph Smith taught that we should “search the Scriptures— search the revelations which we publish, and ask your Heavenly Father, in the name of His Son Jesus Christ, to manifest the truth unto you, and if you do it with an eye single to His glory, nothing doubting, He will answer you by the power of His Holy Spirit. You will then know for yourselves and not for another. You will not then be dependent on man for the knowledge of God” (History of the Church, 1:282). 28. If you and I will ask, seek, and knock (see Matthew 7:7), always keeping ourselves worthy to learn from the Spirit, then the gates of the spiritual reservoir will open to us and the living water will flow. I witness, I testify, and I promise that this is true. 29. Let me briefly explain and provide examples of what I mean by connections, patterns, and themes. Connections 30. A connection is a relationship or link between ideas, people, things, or events, and the scriptures are full of connections. Consider the relationship between the Eternal Father and His Son, Jesus Christ (see Mosiah 15:1–9); between mercy and grace (see 2 Nephi 9:8); between clean hands and a pure heart (see Psalm 24:4); between a broken heart and a contrite spirit (see 3 Nephi 9:20); between the wheat and the tares (see D&C 101:65); between knowledge and intelligence (see D&C 130:18–19); between justification and sanctification (see D&C 20:30–31); between sheep and goats (see Matthew 25:32–33); between immortality and eternal life (see Moses 1:39); and countless others. Prayerfully identifying, learning about, and pondering such connections—the similarities and differences, for example—is a primary source of living water and yields inspired insights and treasures of hidden knowledge. 31. As I have read each of the standard works from beginning to end and studied different topics, I noticed that the word understanding was commonly described in relation to the heart. Two verses in the Book of Mormon illustrate this connection: 32. “Ye have not applied your hearts to understanding; therefore, ye have not been wise” (Mosiah 12:27; italics added). 33. “And the multitude did hear and do bear record; and their hearts were open and they did understand in their hearts the words which he prayed” (3 Nephi 19:33; italics added). 34. I find it most interesting in these and many other verses that understanding is linked primarily to the heart. Note that we are not explicitly counseled to apply our minds to understanding. Obviously, we must use our minds and our rational capacity to obtain and evaluate information and to reach appropriate conclusions and Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 33 judgments. But perhaps the scriptures are suggesting to us that reason and “the arm of the flesh” (D&C 1:19) are not sufficient to produce true understanding. Thus, understanding, as the word is used in the scriptures, does not refer solely or even primarily to intellectual or cognitive comprehension. Rather, understanding occurs when what we know in our minds is confirmed as true in our hearts by the witness of the Holy Ghost. 35. The spiritual gift of revelation most typically operates as thoughts and feelings put into our minds and hearts by the Holy Ghost (see D&C 8:2–3; 100:5–8). And as testimony and conviction move from our heads to our hearts, we no longer just have information or knowledge—but we begin to understand and seek after the mighty change of heart. Understanding, then, is the result of revelation; it is a spiritual gift, it is a prerequisite to conversion, and it entices us to more consistently live in accordance with the principles we are learning. 36. This revealed insight about the relationship between the heart and understanding has greatly influenced my approach to gospel learning and study, has affected positively the way Sister Bednar and I teach our children and grandchildren, and has impacted my priesthood service. Patterns 37. A pattern is a plan, model, or standard that can be used as a guide for repetitively doing or making something. And the scriptures are full of spiritual patterns. Typically, a scriptural pattern is broader and more comprehensive than a connection. In the Doctrine and Covenants we find patterns for preaching the gospel (see D&C 50:13–29), for avoiding deception (see D&C 52:14, 18–19), for constructing temples (see D&C 115:14–16), for establishing cities (see D&C 94), for organizing priesthood quorums (see D&C 107:85–100) and high councils (see D&C 102:12), and for a variety of other purposes. Identifying and studying scriptural patterns is another important source of living water and helps us become acquainted and more familiar with the wisdom and the mind of the Lord (see D&C 95:13). 38. As I have both read from beginning to end and studied topics in the Doctrine and Covenants, I have been impressed with a pattern that is evident in many of the Lord’s responses to the questions of missionaries. On a number of occasions in 1831, various groups of elders who had been called to preach the gospel desired to know how they should proceed and by what route and manner they should travel. In revelations given through the Prophet Joseph Smith, the Lord respectively counseled these brethren that they could travel on water or by land (see D&C 61:22), that they could make or purchase the needed vehicles (see D&C 60:5), that they could travel all together or go two by two (see D&C 62:5), and that they could appropriately travel in a number of different directions (see D&C 80:3). The revelations specifically instructed the brethren to make these decisions “as seemeth you good” (D&C 60:5; 62:5) or “as it is made known unto them according to their judgments” (D&C 61:22). And in each of these instances the Savior declared, “It mattereth not unto me” (D&C 60:5; 61:22; 62:5; 63:40; see also 80:3). 39. The Lord’s statement that such things “mattereth not unto me” initially may seem surprising. Clearly, the Savior Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 34 was not saying to these missionaries that He did not care about what they were doing. Rather, He was emphasizing the importance of putting first things first and focusing upon the right things—which, in these instances, were getting to the assigned field of labor and initiating the work. They were to exercise faith, use good judgment, act in accordance with the direction of the Spirit, and determine the best way to travel to their assignments. The essential thing was the work they had been called to perform; how they got there was important but was not essential. 40. What a remarkable pattern for you and for me to apply in our lives. Jesus Christ knows and loves us individually. He is concerned about our spiritual development and progress, and He encourages us to grow through the exercise of inspired, righteous, and wise judgment. The Redeemer will never leave us alone. We should always pray for guidance and direction. We should always seek for the constant companionship of the Holy Ghost. But we should not be dismayed or discouraged if answers to our petitions for direction or help do not necessarily come quickly. Such answers rarely come all at once. Our progress would be hindered and our judgment would be weak if every answer was given to us immediately and without requiring the price of faith, work, study, and persistence. 41. The pattern I am describing is illustrated succinctly in the following instruction to those early missionaries: 42. “I, the Lord, am willing, if any among you desire, to ride upon horses, or upon mules, or in chariots, he shall receive this blessing, if he receive it from the hand of the Lord, with a thankful heart in all things. 43. “These things remain with you to do according to judgment and the directions of the Spirit. 44. “Behold, the kingdom is yours. And behold, and lo, I am with the faithful always. Even so. Amen” (D&C 62:7– 9; italics added). 45. The principal issues in this episode are not horses, mules, or chariots; rather, they are gratitude, judgment, and faithfulness. Please note the basic elements in this pattern: (1) a thankful heart in all things; (2) act according to judgment and the directions of the Spirit; and (3) the Savior is with the faithful always. Can we begin to sense the direction and assurance, the renewal and strength that can come from following this simple pattern for inspired and righteous judgment? Truly, scriptural patterns are a precious source of living water. 46. The most demanding judgments we ever make are seldom between good or bad or between attractive and unattractive alternatives. Usually, our toughest choices are between good and good. In this scriptural episode, horses, mules, and chariots may have been equally effective options for missionary travel. In a similar way, you and I also might identify at various times in our lives more than one acceptable opportunity or option that we could choose to pursue. We should remember this pattern from the scriptures as we approach such important decisions. If we put essential things first in our lives— things such as dedicated discipleship, honoring covenants, and keeping the commandments—then we will be blessed with inspiration and strong judgment as we pursue the path that leads us back to our heavenly home. If we put essential things first, we “cannot go amiss” (D&C 80:3). Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 35 Themes 47. Themes are overarching, recurring, and unifying qualities or ideas, like essential threads woven throughout a text. Generally, scriptural themes are broader and more comprehensive than patterns or connections. In fact, themes provide the background and context for understanding connections and patterns. The process of searching for and identifying scriptural themes leads us to the fundamental doctrines and principles of salvation—to the eternal truths that invite the confirming witness of the Holy Ghost (see 1 John 5:6). This approach to obtaining living water from the scriptural reservoir is the most demanding and rigorous; it also yields the greatest edification and spiritual refreshment. And the scriptures are replete with powerful themes. 48. For example, the Book of Mormon came forth in this dispensation to “the convincing of the Jew and Gentile that Jesus is the Christ, the Eternal God, manifesting himself unto all nations” (Book of Mormon title page). The central and recurring theme of the Book of Mormon is the invitation for all to “come unto Christ, and be perfected in him” (Moroni 10:32). The teachings, warnings, admonitions, and episodes in this remarkable book of scripture all focus upon and testify of Jesus the Christ as the Redeemer and our Savior. 49. Let me provide a few additional examples of important themes using scriptures from the Book of Mormon: 50. “If . . . the children of men keep the commandments of God he doth nourish them, and strengthen them, and provide means whereby they can accomplish the thing which he has commanded them” (1 Nephi 17:3). 51. “Press forward with a steadfastness in Christ” (2 Nephi 31:20). 52. “Men are, that they might have joy” (2 Nephi 2:25). 53. “In the strength of the Lord thou canst do all things” (Alma 20:4). 54. “Wickedness never was happiness” (Alma 41:10). 55. If you promise not to laugh, I will tell you about one of the simple ways I search for scriptural themes. I do not advocate or recommend that you use the same approach; different people use different methods with equal effectiveness. I am simply describing a process that works well for me. 56. In preparation for a recent speaking assignment, I was impressed to talk about the spirit and purposes of gathering. I had been studying and pondering Elder Russell M. Nelson’s recent conference message on the principle of gathering (see Conference Report, Sept.–Oct. 2006, 83–87; or Ensign, Nov. 2006, 79–82), and the topic was perfectly suited to the nature of and setting for my assignment (see The Spirit and Purposes of Gathering [address delivered at a BYU–Idaho devotional, Oct. 31, 2006]). 57. I recognized that I had much to learn from the scriptures about gathering. So I identified and made copies of every scripture in the standard works that included any form of the word gather. I next read each scripture, looking for connections, patterns, and themes. It is important to note that I did not start my reading with a preconceived set of things for which I was looking. I prayed for the Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 36 assistance of the Holy Ghost and simply started reading. 58. As I reviewed the scriptures about gathering, I marked verses with similar phrases or points of emphasis, using a colored pencil. By the time I had read all of the scriptures, some of the verses were marked in red, some were marked in green, and some were marked in other colors. 59. Now, here comes the part that may make you laugh. I next used my scissors to cut out the scriptures I had copied and sorted them into piles by color. The process produced a large pile of scriptures marked with red, a large pile of scriptures marked with green, and so forth. I then sorted the scriptures within each large pile into smaller piles. As a first grader I must have really liked cutting with scissors and putting things into piles! 60. The results of this process taught me a great deal about the principle of gathering. For example, I learned from examining my large piles that the scriptures describe at least three key aspects of gathering: the purposes of gathering, the types and places of gathering, and the blessings of gathering. 61. I noted that some of the primary purposes of gathering are to worship (see Mosiah 18:25), to receive counsel and instruction (see Mosiah 18:7), to build up the Church (see D&C 101:63–64), and to provide defense and protection (see D&C 115:6). In studying about the types and places of gathering, I discovered that we are gathered into eternal families (see Mosiah 2:5), into the restored Church (see D&C 101:64– 65), into stakes of Zion (see D&C 109:59), into holy temples (see Alma 26:5–6), and into two great centers: old Jerusalem (see Ether 13:11) and the city of Zion or New Jerusalem (see D&C 42:9; Articles of Faith 1:10). I was grateful to learn that edification (see Ephesians 4:12–13), preservation (see Moses 7:61), and strength (see D&C 82:14) are some of the blessings of gathering. 62. Through this process I gained an even deeper appreciation for the spirit of gathering as an integral part of the restoration of all things in the dispensation of the fulness of times. I will not take the time now to recount the other things I learned about gathering; my purpose here is to briefly illustrate one way of searching for scriptural themes. The Blessings We Can Receive 63. The blessings of knowledge, understanding, revelation, and spiritual exhilaration that we can receive as we read, study, and search the scriptures are marvelous. “Feasting upon the word of Christ” (2 Nephi 31:20) is edifying, exciting, and enjoyable. The word is good, “for it beginneth to enlarge my soul; yea, it beginneth to enlighten my understanding, yea, it beginneth to be delicious to me” (Alma 32:28). “Behold they are written, ye have them before you, therefore search them” (3 Nephi 20:11), and they “shall be in [you] a well of water springing up into everlasting life” (John 4:14). 64. In my personal reading, studying, and searching over a period of years, I have focused many times upon the doctrine of the Atonement of Jesus Christ. No event, knowledge, or influence has had a greater impact upon me during my 54 years of mortality than repeatedly reading about, studying in depth, and searching for connections, patterns, and themes related to the doctrine of Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 37 the Atonement. This central, saving doctrine, over time, gradually has distilled upon my soul as the dews from heaven; has influenced my thoughts, words, and deeds (see Mosiah 4:30); and literally has become for me a well of living water. Lehi’s Vision 65. The importance of reading, studying, and searching the scriptures is highlighted in several elements of Lehi’s vision of the tree of life. 66. Father Lehi saw several groups of people pressing forward along the strait and narrow path, seeking to obtain the tree and its fruit. The members of each group had entered onto the path through the gate of repentance and baptism by water and had received the gift of the Holy Ghost (see 2 Nephi 31:17–20). The tree of life is the central feature in the dream and is identified in 1 Nephi 11 as a representation of Jesus Christ. The fruit on the tree is a symbol for the blessings of the Savior’s Atonement. Interestingly, the major theme of the Book of Mormon, inviting all to come unto Christ, is central in Lehi’s vision. Of particular interest is the rod of iron that led to the tree (see 1 Nephi 8:19). The rod of iron is the word of God. 67. In 1 Nephi 8, verses 21 through 23, we learn about a group of people who pressed forward and commenced in the path that led to the tree of life. However, as the people encountered the mist of darkness, which represents the temptations of the devil (see 1 Nephi 12:17), they lost their way, they wandered off, and they were lost. 68. It is important to note that no mention is made about the rod of iron in these verses. Those who ignore or treat lightly the word of God do not have access to that divine compass which points the way to the Savior. Consider that this group obtained the path and pressed forward, exhibiting a measure of faith in Christ and spiritual conviction, but they were diverted by the temptations of the devil and were lost. 69. In verses 24 through 28 of chapter 8 we read about a second group of people who obtained the strait and narrow path that led to the tree of life. This group pressed forward through the mist of darkness, clinging to the rod of iron even until they did come forth and partake of the fruit of the tree. However, as this second group of people was mocked by the occupants of the great and spacious building, they were ashamed and fell away into forbidden paths and were lost. Please notice that this group is described as clinging to the rod of iron. 70. It is significant that the second group pressed forward with faith and commitment. They also had the added blessing of the rod of iron, and they were clinging to it! However, as they were confronted with persecution and adversity, they fell away into forbidden paths and were lost. Even with faith, commitment, and the word of God, this group was lost—perhaps because they only periodically read or studied or searched the scriptures. Clinging to the rod of iron suggests to me only occasional “bursts” of study or irregular dipping rather than consistent, ongoing immersion in the word of God. 71. In verse 30 we read about a third group of people who pressed forward continually holding fast to the rod of iron until they came forth and fell down and partook of the fruit of the Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 38 tree. The key phrase in this verse is “continually holding fast” to the rod of iron. 72. The third group also pressed forward with faith and conviction; however, there is no indication that they wandered off, fell into forbidden paths, or were lost. Perhaps this third group of people consistently read and studied and searched the words of Christ. Perhaps it was the constant flow of living water that saved the third group from perishing. This is the group you and I should strive to join. 73. “What meaneth the rod of iron which our father saw, that led to the tree? 74. “And I said unto them that it was the word of God; and whoso would hearken unto the word of God, and would hold fast unto it, they would never perish; neither could the temptations and the fiery darts of the adversary overpower them unto blindness, to lead them away to destruction” (1 Nephi 15:23–24; italics added). 75. What, then, is the difference between clinging and holding fast to the rod of iron? Let me suggest that holding fast to the iron rod entails the prayerful and consistent use of all three of the ways of obtaining living water that we have discussed tonight. 76. “And it came to pass that I beheld that the rod of iron, which my father had seen, was the word of God, which led to the fountain of living waters, or to the tree of life” (1 Nephi 11:25). 77. Each of these approaches—reading from beginning to end, studying by topic, and searching for connections, patterns, and themes—is edifying, is instructive, and provides an intermittent portion of the Savior’s living water. I believe, however, that the regular use of all three methods produces a more constant flow of living water and is in large measure what it means to hold fast to the rod of iron. 78. Through normal activity each day, you and I lose a substantial amount of the water that constitutes so much of our physical bodies. Thirst is a demand by the cells of the body for water, and the water in our bodies must be replenished daily. It frankly does not make sense to occasionally “fill up” with water, with long periods of dehydration in between. The same thing is true spiritually. Spiritual thirst is a need for living water. A constant flow of living water is far superior to sporadic sipping. 79. Are you and I daily reading, studying, and searching the scriptures in a way that enables us to hold fast to the rod of iron—or are you and I merely clinging? Are you and I pressing forward toward the fountain of living waters—relying upon the word of God? These are important questions for each of us to ponder prayerfully. 80. As we conclude tonight, we will sing together the hymn “The Iron Rod.” Indeed, this song of the righteous will be a fervent and poignant prayer (see D&C 25:12). May we have ears to hear the lessons this hymn teaches. 81. I witness of Jesus Christ and of the power of His word and of Him as the Word. He is the Son of the Eternal Father, and I know that He lives. I testify that holding fast to the rod of iron will lead to His living water. As His servant, I invoke this blessing upon you: that your desire and capacity to hold fast to the rod of iron will be enlarged, that your faith in the Savior will increase and replace your Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 39 fears, and that as you drink deeply from the scriptural reservoir you will come to know Him. May we ever remember that When temptation’s power is nigh, Our pathway clouded o’er, Upon the rod we can rely, And heaven’s aid implore. (Hymns, no. 274) 82. In the sacred name of Jesus Christ, amen. © 2007 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. English approval: 6/06. 02153 Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 40 Substitution 1. 2. 3. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 41 Substitution Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice substitution: Follow the pronoun. 1 Corinthians 15:24 1 Nephi 22:6 2 Nephi 5:25 Words of Mormon 1:17-18 Alma 11:20 Helaman 9:18-19 3 Nephi 15:16-24 3 Nephi 19:28 Ether 8:10 Moroni 6:2 D&C 42:80-93 D&C 45:36 D&C 109:46 Moses 5:30 Definitions Acts 15:32 Luke 22:32 1 Nephi 11:16 1 Nephi 15:18 Alma 1:15 Alma 3: 26-27 Alma 39:9 confirmed converted condescension kindred’s ignominious listed, listeth cross D&C 20:75 D&C 33:17 D&C 43:8 D&C 60:4 D&C 92:2 Moses 6:29 JS-H 1:8 expedient trimmed edify bespeaketh lively foresworn poignant Skills Log model: What: Substitution (Look up words) Where: Alma 1:15 How: I looked up the word “ignominious” and replaced it with the words “disgraceful or shameful,” i.e., “[Nehor] suffered a [disgraceful or shameful] death.” So What I thought the word was like “magnanimous,” meaning a good thing—but it’s the opposite. What a horrible way to be remembered Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 42 Setting 1. Who? 2. Where? 3. When? Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 43 Setting Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice setting: Genesis 22:1-14 1 Samuel 16:6-13 1 Kings 18:22-39 3 Nephi 3:1-16; Matthew 9:20-26 Matthew 14:13-21 Mark 11:7 – 11 John 4: 3 – 26 Acts 28: 1 – 11 Doctrine and Covenants 6:14-24 Skills Log model: What: Setting Where: Luke 4:16-30 How: Who? Jesus, people at the synagogue Where? Nazareth, hometown, synagogue When? Sabbath, early in His ministry So what: These people wouldn’t accept Him because they thought they knew him too well. They were unwilling to reclassify Him in their minds. They probably missed out on some remarkable blessings because of the stubbornness. I wonder what He might have done for them if they’d been willing. I must be careful to accept and sustain whomever the Lord calls, even if I know them (or think I know them) well. I don’t want to miss out on whatever blessings the Lord has in store for me through these people He has called Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 44 Clustering 1. 2. Elder Maxwell Cluster your scriptures together so that the Old Testament scripture on a particular topic is related by you to a scripture in the Book of Mormon, the Doctrine and Covenants, the Pearl of Great Price, and the New Testament, and to the utterances of the living prophets. The scriptures of the Church need each other, just as the members of the Church do. And they help each other, just as the members of the church do. Cluster the scriptures topically as if they were a bunch of grapes from which you then squeeze all the juice, and distill all the meaning. Neal A. Maxwell, Address to CES, 16 Aug 1979. Elder Packer Individual doctrines of the gospel are not fully explained in one place in the scriptures, nor presented in order or sequence. They must be assembled from pieces here and there. They are sometimes found in large segments, but mostly they are in small bits scattered through the chapters and verses. You might think that if all the references on baptism, for instance, were assembled in one chapter of each standard work, and all references on revelation in another, it would make the learning of the gospel much simpler. I have come to be very, very grateful that scriptures are arranged as they are. Because the scriptures are arranged the way they are, there are endless combinations of truths that will fit the need of every individual in every circumstance. Boyd K. Packer, Address to CES, 10 Aug 1993. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 45 Clustering Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice clustering: Clustering: Genesis 4:3-5 Genesis 19:26 Genesis 32:24-30 Exodus 12:21 Exodus 14:16 Joshua 10:12-14 2 Samuel 11:2-4 1 Kings 2:1-3 2 Kings 2:11 Isaiah 58:3-7 Ezekiel 37:15-17 Daniel 1:5, 7-8, 17 1 Nephi 15:23-24 Mosiah 5:2-8 Helaman 3:28 Skills Log Model: What: Clustering Where: Numbers 21:4-9 How: Cross reference to 1 Nephi 17:41. New information is that the serpents can fly and many wouldn’t look at the image Moses made because they thought it was too simple Cross reference to Alma 33:19-22 New information is that the image was a type of Christ and that many didn’t look because of unbelief. So What It’s interesting how we often have a hard time accepting the simple things as being effective when it comes to solving problems. We seem to want complex solutions. It makes me think of Naaman who was told by Elisha to wash in the Jordan River to cleanse himself of leprosy but he almost didn’t do it because it seemed like a foolishly simple solution. Prayer, scripture study, diligence in my assignments these things are where real answers can be found. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 46 Consider Context Context • from the Latin contexere meaning “to weave together.” 1. 2. 3. Proof-texting Elder Dallin H. Oakes The scriptures do not set forth these doctrinal subjects in a comprehensive, organized list of rules, like the Internal Revenue Code or [Robert's] Rules of Order. For the most part, the scriptural teachings on the various doctrines of the gospel must be gleaned from a number of sources, each containing a less than complete account of the subject. … If we were left to gain a complete understanding of a gospel principle from what is mentioned in only one account, for example in the Old Testament, we could well misunderstand in part and stumble, even as many sincere followers of Christ did during the period we call the apostasy. … This required the restoration of the gospel in our own dispensation. With that restoration came the Book of Mormon, another witness of Christ, and an outpouring of revelations addressed to the needs of our day. … An accurate and complete understanding of the gospel of Jesus Christ requires us to use all of the scriptures available to us. This explains why the Lord has commanded us to 'search the scriptures' (John 5:39). It also helps us understand why it is dangerous to rest a firm conclusion as to a point of doctrine on a reading of only one passage of scripture. Dallin H. Oaks, "Studying the Scriptures" Unpublished Thanksgiving devotional to seminaries of Salt Lake and Davis counties, 24 Nov. 1985, 5-6. Elder Marion G. Romney The word search [in the scriptures] means to inquire into, study, and examine for the purpose of discovering the meaning of. Searching implies more than just reading or even memorizing. When Jesus told the Jews to 'search the scriptures,' he was talking to men who prided themselves on their acquaintance with the scriptures. They had spent their lives reading and memorizing them. They could and did quote reams and reams of scripture in support of their apostate rules and rituals. They had wholly failed, however, to discover the true message of the scriptures. … This incident from the life and teachings of Jesus [John 5:39] graphically distinguishes between searching and wresting the scriptures and reveals the awful consequences of wresting them. Searching them for the purpose of discovering what they teach as enjoined by Jesus is a far cry from hunting through them for the purpose of finding passages which can be pressed into service to support a predetermined conclusion. `Behold,' said Alma, `the scriptures are before you; if ye will wrest them it shall be to your own destruction' (Alma 13:20). Marion G. Romney, Improvement Era, Jan. 1958, 26. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 47 Looking for Flag Phrases Words for Emphasis/Attention/Focus yea; behold; even; and it came to pass Summary Phrases thus we see; therefore; wherefore; Similes as; like Superlatives great worth; marvelous work; very good; wonderful Absolutes always; never; all; none; every Connecting Words because; but; nevertheless Repeated Words, Phrases, Actions When the words of prophets seem repetitive, that should rivet our attention. Henry B. Eyring, “Finding Safety in Counsel,” Ensign, May 1997, 24. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 48 Flag Phrases Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice flag phrases: Words for Emphasis/Attention/Focus -Yea (1 Nephi 18:18; 2 Nephi 4:35) -Behold (1 Nephi 2:1; 2 Nephi 1:10) -Even (1 Nephi 10:4; Alma 32:27) -And It Came to Pass (1 Nephi 18:25; Enos 1:25; 1 Nephi 7:1; Jacob 5:4) Summary Phrases - Thus we see (Alma 24:19; 30:60; Helaman 12:3) - Therefore (1 Nephi 1:1; 3:6; 3 Nephi 13:8, 9) - Wherefore (1 Nephi 2:16; 7:12; D&C 1:6-7) Similes - As (Isaiah 35:1; 2 Nephi 3:19; D&C 65:2; 101:39; Abr. 3:18) - Like (Matt. 13:31, 44, 47; 28:3; Jacob 5:3; Mosiah 2:38) Superlatives - Great Worth (1 Nephi 13:23) - A marvelous work (2 Nephi 25:17; D&C 4:1) - Good, very good (Moses 2:25, 31) - Great (Gen. 12:2) - Wonderful (Isaiah 9:61) Absolutes - Always (Mosiah 4:11-12) - Never (John 6:35; 1 Corinthians 13:8; Alma 41:10) - All (Rom. 3:23; 2 Nephi 32:3, D&C 18:11) - All/None (Mark 12:30; 2 Nephi 2:6-7; 26:33) - Nothing (2 Nephi 26:33) - Every (Moro. 7:16 **also note the use of the word the in this verse) - No (Alma 40:26) Connecting Words -Because (Mosiah 26:1-4) -But (D&C 45:30-32) - Nevertheless (1 Nephi 13:23; 14:12, D&C 1:32) Repeated Words, Phrases, or Actions -Find some of these on your own. Skills Log Model What: Flag Phrases Where: Doctrine and Covenants 18:11 How: The word “all” is used twice in this verse. “All” is an absolute. So What: Jesus Christ suffered for ALL—not just for the faithful or for members of the Church. “That ALL men might repent…” Just as He suffered for all, all have the opportunity to repent. God loves all of his children and provides every single one of them an equal opportunity for exaltation. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 49 Looking for Lists Purposeful grouping 1. Ask: 2. Ask: Sample list: Proclamation—The Family, “Successful marriages and families are established and maintained on principles of faith, prayer, repentance, forgiveness, respect, love, compassion, work, and wholesome recreational activities.” The Family: A Proclamation to the World The First Presidency and Council of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday Saints Sample list: Young Womanhood Theme, Faith Divine Nature Individual Worth Knowledge Choice and Accountability Good Works Integrity Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 50 Lists Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice lists: 2 Nephi 3:12 2 Nephi 4:20-23 2 Nephi 11:2, 4-6 Mosiah 15:8-9 Alma 9:19-22 Alma 13:28-29 Alma 17:2-3 Alma 26:22 Alma 32:42 Alma 34:37-41 Alma 38:3 Helaman 12:1-3 3 Nephi 11:15 3 Nephi 20:25 3 Nephi 29:2-4, 8, 9 Mormon 7:2-5 Ether 8:26 Moroni 10:3-4, 7-8, 18-19, 27, 30 Skills Log Model: What: Lists Where: 2 Nephi 2:8 How: Lehi says that “no flesh can dwell in the presence of God save it be through” three things: 1. The merits 2. The mercy 3. The grace of Jesus Christ I believe this to be an ordered list. So What: It’s interesting to note that all three things belong to Christ—not to me. Christ’s merits qualify Him to extend mercy and grace to us. Is mercy and grace the same thing? I don’t think so. If mercy is forgiveness then grace is what makes me better than just forgiven. The Bible Dictionary says that grace is an “enabling power” that gives me “strength and assistance to do good works” that I would not be able to do otherwise. Because of Christ’s merits I can be forgiven through His mercy and then enabled to do more through His grace. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 51 Cause and Effect If → then Inasmuch as Because If without then No marker Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 52 Cause and Effect Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) If – Then Leviticus 26:3-4, 18, 23- 24, 27-28, 40-42 Isaiah 58:13-14 John 8:31 2 Nephi 31:13 Alma 34:33 Ether 12:27 Doctrine and Covenants 5:24 1 Nephi 7:12 (reverse) 1 Nephi 17:13 (reverse) “Inasmuch as” Matthew 25:40, 45 1 Nephi 2:20, 21 Alma 50:20 Helaman 4:15 Ether 11:8 Doctrine and Covenants 1:25-28 Doctrine and Covenants 43:10 (9-10) Doctrine and Covenants 44:2 If – (without) Then Leviticus 26:14-17 Jeremiah 18:8 Mark 11:26 John 7:17 1 Nephi 17:3 (1-3, 20) 1 Nephi 22:31 2 Nephi 1:7 2 Nephi 31:20 2 Nephi 32:4-5, 8 Doctrine and Covenants 3:4 No Markers 1 Nephi 20:18 2 Nephi 31:17 Alma 7:24 Alma 12:11 Doctrine and Covenants 11:21 Doctrine and Covenants 121:45 “Because” 2 Kings 22:13,17,19 Ezekiel 5:11 Matt 24:12 1 Nephi 13:29 2 Nephi 1:31 Alma 49:30 Helaman 15:10 Doctrine and Covenants 103:4 Skills Log Model What: Cause and Effect Where: Ether 12:27 How: The first half of the verse has an IF without a THEN: “If men come unto me I will show unto them their weakness.” The second half has an IF/THEN: “If they humble themselves… then I will make weak things become strong…” So What: It seems that one of the first things that happens when we turn to God is that He makes us aware of our weakness—our dependence on Him. If we are humble enough to accept that heart-breaking moment, then He will make us strong by helping us overcome the things that are weak in us. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 53 Visualize 1. Who? Where? When? 2. 3. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 54 Visualize Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice visualize Matthew 8:5-13 Mark 4:36-41 Luke 5:1-11 Luke 19:1-10 – I love this one John 21:1-14 Acts 2:1-13 Acts 16:19-34 2 Nephi 26:22 Jacob 7:1-23 Mosiah 12:1-13:11 Mosiah 17:1-20 Alma 17:19-39 3 Nephi 11:1-17 Skills Log Model: What: Visualize Where: Acts 3:1-11 How: 1. Determine the setting. Who? Peter--senior apostle—president of the Church, John member of First Presidency), lame man, crowds at the temple. When? 3 pm, hour of prayer, some time after Pentecost (could be July and very hot), the first miracle performed by Peter. Where? The temple, on the steps of the Beautiful Gate (the main gate into the Court of the Women, the gate everyone must enter to go inside the temple). 2. Look for details in the text. - hour of prayer is crowded - the man is lame from his mother’s womb - laid daily at the temple - he is carried there - Peter lifts him to his feet - he is healed “immediately” - he “leaps,” “stands,” and “walks.” - he “holds” Peter and John 3. Ask questions to fill in your mental picture. - What is his life like? - Who carried him? - Had Peter and John seen him before? - Had he witnessed the Savior healing others? - Lame from birth…What does this imply about how his legs looked? - Why does he hold Peter and John after he is healed? - How does this day change the man’s life? So What: This man had no life to speak of. He couldn’t be married or have children. He could have no career. He couldn’t even take care of his own basic needs. He was stuck wherever he was laid down. Peter gave him the power to walk but more than that, he gave him a life. When we come to Christ our life is changed in fundamental ways. We become able to do things and enjoy things that we never could without Him. Christ gives us new life just as Peter gave this man a new life through the power of Christ. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 55 Understanding Symbolism Symbols are helpful. 1. 2. 3. 4. Remember that symbols more often suggest rather than represent. 1. Look for Scriptural Interpretation. 2. Consider the Context. 3. Ponder the Characteristics of the Symbol itself. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 56 Symbolism Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice symbolism Isaiah 40:6 Matthew 5:13, 14 John 6:35 John 14:6 Doctrine and Covenants 76:85 Joel 2:8 Revelation 1:16; 12:3 Revelation 1:12, 16 – see v 20 Revelation 4:6 – see Doctrine and Covenants 77:1, 2, 4 1 Nephi 8:2-35 – see 1 Nephi 11:21-25, 36; 12:16-18; 15:21-30 Matthew 13:24-30 – see vs 36-43 Leviticus 1 Skills Log Model What: Symbolism Where: Matthew 11:28-30 How: The Savior uses the symbol of a “yoke” and invites us to take his yoke upon us. Scriptural interpretation: I could not find any scriptural interpretation but I noticed that every scripture (except for Matthew 11) which uses the term “yoke,” uses it in a negative way. It is always a “yoke of bondage” or a “yoke of burden” or a yoke that we are seeking to cast off. Context: The context of Matthew 11 and 12 seems to be the Lord clarifying who He is. Nature of the symbol: There are two kinds of yokes. 1) Single yoke: It is used to carry a load. It appears to be a symbol of work and/or slavery. This kind of yoke allows you to transfer the weight of what you are carrying from the muscles of the arms to the much larger muscles of the legs and back. You can carry a much heavier load this way. Balance also seems important with this type of yoke. 2) Double yoke: It is used to combine the pulling power of two animals. Again, always used for work and, like the other kind of yoke, it allows you to get more done than you could otherwise. Also, balance between the two animals plays a role here. If the two animals are not equally matched in terms of pulling power then the stronger of the two ends up pulling the weight of the load plus the weight of the other animal. In such a case, the yoke actually makes it harder for the stronger animal. So what: In these verses, Christ is inviting me to rest. Yet the invitation is to take up a symbol of work or slavery. It’s as if He is saying, “Put down your work and your troubles and come work for me. Your work is burdensome and tiring but My work is restful and peaceful and rewarding.” It is interesting that He is not inviting me to cease working. It is not an invitation to lie around and do nothing. If I imagine the yoke as the second type—the double yoke—it even gets more interesting. I am not evenly matched with Christ. I am infinitely weaker. Bringing me along in His yoke only complicates things for Him. And yet He wants me to join Him. With Him in the yoke alongside me, I can do things that would be utterly impossible otherwise. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 57 Looking for Principles “Thus we see . . .” What are the unchanging truths, eternal laws, fundamental beliefs at work here? What can I learn and apply? What is the “moral of the story”? “So, what?” or “Therefore, what?” Homilies (hom•i•ly \hä-mə-lē\ n: an inspirational catchphrase). From doctrine, we learn principles of conduct, how to respond to problems of everyday living, even to failures, for they too are provided for in the doctrines. Boyd K. Packer, Ensign, May 1994, 20. Programs blindly followed bring us to a discipline of doing good, but principles properly understood and practiced bring us to a disposition to do good. Glenn L. Pace, Ensign, May, 1986, 24. Understood, Valued, Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 58 Obeyed, Remembered, and Expanded. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 59 Principles Worksheet (Do 10—Record in your I-learn Journal 5) Places to practice principles 1 Nephi 16:26-29 Alma 30:48-54, 56-58, 60 Alma 46:8 Helaman 3:23-30 1 Nephi 3:7 2 Nephi 2:25 2 Nephi 26:24 Doctrine and Covenants 6:36 Doctrine and Covenants 43:16 Skills Log Model What: Look for principles Where: 1 Nephi 16:26-29 How: Nephi uses this story about the Liahona as an example of the principle that “small means can bring about great things.” I asked myself if I could see any additional lessons in this passage. I think that another principle found here is that “when we obey the direction we’ve received, God will give us more guidance, but if we disregard the direction we’ve already received, God will withhold further guidance.” So What: I need to be careful to follow the direction I have already been given if I want God to continue to guide me. I can’t pick and choose from among His commandments and only obey the ones I want to. God’s commandments are not a buffet where I can just refuse to partake of the things that don’t appeal to me. Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 60 Literary Styles Hyperbole \hy•per•bo•le \hī-pər-bə-lē\ n: extravagant exaggeration Matthew 5:29 Deuteronomy 1:28 Idiom \id•i•om \i-dē-əm\ n: having a meaning that cannot be derived from the conjoined meaning of its elements Job 19:20 Jacob 7:20 Isaiah 37:36 Ezekiel 20:37 Parable \par•a•ble \par-ə-bəl\ n: a short fictitious story that illustrates a religious principle Matthew 13:10-13 Rhythm and rhyme Parallelism \parallelism / par•al•lel•ism \par-ə-le-li-zəm\ n: repeated syntactical similarities introduced for rhetorical effect • Repeating – Numbers 23:19 • Contrasting – Proverbs 15:1 • Amplifying – Isaiah 55:8 • Chiasm – Isaiah 55:8 “For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways…” “For my thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways my ways…” Mosiah Alma Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook 61 Find Christ in the Scriptures Leviticus 1:3-9 Numbers 14:11-12, 17-19 Titus 1:7; 1 Peter 2:25 Ephesians 5:25-28 1 Cor. 7:13-14 Finding Christ in the Exodus Bondage in Egypt Release by death of death Led by law-giver and spokeman Pass thru Red Sea to be rid of Egyptians Led by pillar of fire Sacrifice at the tabernacle Enter the promised land w/Joshua Fundamentals of Scripture Study Workbook