CAML / SCAR-MarBIN
The CAML Biogeographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean project
Objectives
1. To assemble in one publication (large format atlas + digital dynamic version on SCARMarBIN) a selection of representative maps and syntheses on the distribution of the
Southern Ocean organisms, to provide a general overview of the biogeography of the
Southern Ocean (s.l.) and a benchmark of current biogeographic knowledge at the end
of CAML.
This will update the well-known and useful but largely outdated Hedgpeth1969’s Folio on
“Distribution of selected groups of marine invertebrates in waters south of 35°S latitude”
in the Antarctic Map Folio Series (American Geographical Society).
2. To contribute (by synthetic texts and maps) to the SCAR-MarBIN online “Antarctic Field
Guide” and in turn to the Encyclopedia of Life.
3. Users?
Contents
[Maps and synthetic text (3-4 pages?) to accompany maps and explain key features of the
distribution of the taxon, community or environmental parameter under consideration, with
key references (incl. web sources e.g. large databases)]
INTRODUCTION
Coord: Claude, Philippe, Vicky
Background and rationale
- new bunch of CAML and SCAR-MarBIN distribution data
- Historical background: Hedgpeth 1969 and progress since then (illustrated by
comparative map(s) for target group(s)
- New conceptual developments in biogeography
- New technological developments in biogeography (GIS, habitat modelling, sampling
methods, etc..)
- Need to establish state of biogeographic knowledge in context / perspective of
climate / environmental changes
- Need to contribute to prediction of global change effect
Objectives of the Atlas
- static printed and dynamic digital versions
- How does it answer the needs of science, conservation, monitoring,
management?
Datasets: presentation and gap analysis
PART 1 : ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
(synthetic maps and texts)
Coord: Huw and Bruno
Coord: Alix?, Ben Raymond?
- General (
Abiotic factors (general, for benthos, pelagos and top predators)
- Geomorphology
bathymetry (GEBCO8 and Sat ETOPO2)
seismic lines
- Hydrography and oceanography: water masses (
STC), (cf Griffiths submitted PLOSone)
Etc
Alix
), fronts (APF,
Huw
- Abiotic factors specific to pelagic realm:
Philippe
 Surface and water column temperature (standard depths?)
 etc (see Pelagic WG rep)
- Abiotic factors specific to benthos:
 bottom temperature
 sediments (what parameters? Grain size, organic content?
 near bottom currents?
-
Huw
Alix
Biotic factors
PART 2. BIOGEOGRAPHIC PATTERNS
Maps of distribution patterns of selected taxa and asemblages
BENTHOS: (Taxon level)
Meio: Nematoda
J. Ingels/ A. Vanreusel
Macro/mega: Porifera (Demospongiae, Hexactinellida)
Huw + D. Janussen
Hydrozoa
Pena-Cantero?
Anthozoa
D. Fautin?
Gastropoda
K. Linse / S. Schiaparelli
Bivalvia
K. Linse
Cephalopoda (benthic)
L. Allcock
Polychaeta
M. Schuller
Pycnogonida
Huw, C. Arango, T. Munilla
Mysida
V. Petryashov
Lophogastrida
V. Petryashov
Amphipoda
Claude
Isopoda
Steffi
Cumacea
U. Muehlenhardt-S.
Decapoda?
Christoph/Claude
Bryozoa
D. Barnes
Brachiopoda
C. Emig
Ophiuroidea
I. Smirnov
Echinoidea
Bruno (David)
Ascidiacea
E. Vasquez
Fish (demersal and benthic):
Macroalgae?
Philippe , Patrice
C. Wiencke / C. Amsler?
Protists: Foraminifera
A. Gooday / J. Pawlowski
Maps should illustrate different “typical” benthic distribution patterns:
Geographic:
 Circumpolar vs allopatric
 Sub-Antar vs Antar
 East/west Antarctic
 Bipolarity
 Endemism
 Different range sizes
 Antarctic – deep sea outside SO
 Others?
Bathymetric
 coastal (is there a distinct coastal “province”, macroalgal zone, photic
zone , all spp distrib restricted to first 100 m , 30 m?
 shelf to slope
 etc
BENTHOS (Assemblages level)
Maps of distribution patterns of selected assemblages:
Bioconstructors (Sponges + Hydrozoa + Anthozoa? + Bryozoa + Macroalgae?)
Suspension feeders (Sponges + Hydrozoa + Anthozoa? + Bryozoa)
Check Gutt macrozoobenthos communities
PELAGOS:
Zooplankton CPR selected species
Euphausids
Cephalopods
Sea ice assemblages
SEABIRDS AND MAMMALS
PART 3. PHYLOGEOGRAPHY
-
Relevant phylogeographic analyses for particular groups
o Fish
o Isopods
o Molluscs
o Cephalopods
coord: Christoph
G. Lecointre, A. Dettai
Christoph
K. Linse
PART 4. BIOGEOGRAPHIC PROCESSES,
Synthetic maps showing results of biogeographic analysis and modelization:
-
Biogeographic entities
Pelagic and benthic eco-regions
Hotspots
Endemism: selected spp (DNA checked)
Huw?
- Brooders vs dispersers
PART 5 OUTPUTS AND APPLICATIONS
- Current status
- Predictions
- Conservation aspects
- Climate change
- Changing user requirements
Potential Authorship
- SCAR-MarBIN Taxonomic Editors (who compiled and provided occurrence data) will be
invited to contribute short synthesis on the biogeography (incl. phylogeography if
available) of their respective groups to accompany synthetic biogeographic maps.
o invertebrates (benthos , plankton, nekton)
 benthos: general: (A. Clarke? / H. Griffiths?), Porifera (D. Janussen),
Hydrozoa, Anthozoa, Nematoda (A. Vanreusel), Aplacophora (M.
Schrödl), Polyplacophora (E. Schwabe), Gastropoda (K. Linse / S.
Schiaparelli), Bivalvia (K. Linse / S. Schiaparelli), Cephalopoda (L.
Allcock), Polychaeta (M. Schuller/J. Sicinski), Oligochaeta (P. Martin),
Pycnogonida (C. Arango/ °), Ostracoda (S. Brandao), Lophogastrida (V.
Petryashov), Mysida (V. Petryashov), Tanaidacea (M. Blazewicz),
Isopoda (A. Brandt/S. Kaiser), Amphipoda (C. De Broyer / W. Zeidler),
Cumacea (U. Muehlenhardt-Siegel), Brachiopoda (C. Emig), Bryozoa (D.
Barnes/P. Kuklinski), Asteroidea (M. X / B. Danis), Ophiuroidea (I.
Smirnov), Echinoidea (B. David).
 Plankton: general (G. Hosie), Gelatinous zooplankton (D. Lindsay),
Ostracoda Halocypridina (M. Angel/ K. Blasowiak), Amphipoda
Hyperiidea (W. Zeidler), Euphausiacea (V. Siegel).
 Nekton: Cephalopoda (? , Pisces?
o vertebrates (fish) (phylogeography: G. Lecointre, A. Dettai).
o macroalgae (C. Wiencke? / C.D. Amsler?).
o protists: Foraminifera (A. Gooday?), others?
- Relevant environmental features
o hydrography / oceanography: water masses, T/S, sea-bottom temperatures (for
benthos), currents,…
o primary production, nutrients
o sediments
o
o
o
geomorphology
glacial history
…
- Total: about 50 potential contributors
Practical realization and time schedule
1. Discussion and planning during the Villefranche Workshop.
2. Production of a maximum of maps and redaction of draft syntheses (if possible) for some
taxonomic groups or environmental parameters during the Villefranche Workshop.
3. Invitation to potential contributors (SCAR-MarBIN Taxonomic Editors and other experts)
after the Villefranche Workshop (at the latest end of July 2010).
4. Deadline for contributions: 15 Nov 2010.
5. Publication: mid 2011.