Supplementary Table 1. Population characteristics for the different vaccination groups.
PCV vaccination groups
PCV at 0, 1 & 2m
PCV at 1, 2 & 3m
No PCV
(neonatal)
(infant)
(control)
P-value
Pneumococcal carriage ≤ 2 wks, % pos
39% (35/89)
40% (39/97)
40% (37/93)
0.993
Gravida, % primigravida
22% (19/85)
36% (34/95)
32% (29/93)
0.137
9% (7/80)
5% (4/85)
13% (11/86)
0.174
Maternal Spn carriage a, % pos
36% (28/78)
31% (24/78)
22% (17/77)
0.163
Gender, % female
58% (52/89)
43% (42/97)
37% (59/93)
0.010
Gestation age (weeks; mean and IQR)
40.0 (39.0-40.0)
40.0 (39.0-40.0)
40.0 (39.0-40.0)
0.558
3.3 (3.0-3.6)
3.3 (3.0-3.5)
3.3 (3.0-3.6)
0.657
Maternal smoking pregnancy, % pos
Birth weight (kg; mean and IQR)
Maternal CbpA-IgG (AU/ml; mean and IQR)
7054 (3702-8925)
4919 (3270-7385)
5712 (2884-8056)
0.189
Maternal Ply-IgG (AU/ml; mean and IQR)
4487 (2755-8724)
4091 (2638-9216)
3818 (1733-8684)
0.790
Maternal PspA1-IgG (AU/ml; mean and IQR)
1297 (733-2767)
1414 (902-2048)
1821 (756-3102)
0.491
1
Maternal PspA2-IgG (AU/ml; mean and IQR)
3295 (1468-6194)
4481 (1460-7648)
3756 (2165-7811)
0.388
CbpA-IFN (pg/ml ; mean and IQR)
12 (2-398)
55 (25-244)
43 (9-112)
0.648
CbpA-IL5
2 (2-7)
2 (2-9)
2 (2-6)
0.691
CbpA-IL9
2 (2-7)
2 (2-8)
2 (2-7)
0.422
CbpA-IL10
8 (4-22)
8 (2-21)
8 (4-13)
0.939
CbpA-IL13
14 (6-17)
15 (6-28)
11 (2-21)
0.155
CbpA-TNF
6 (3-17)
6 (4-28)
6 (3-13)
0.373
Ply-IFN (pg/ml; mean and IQR)
48 (6-219)
25 (3-116)
33 (10-168)
0.534
Ply-IL5
2 (2-6)
2 (2-2)
2 (2-6)
0.213
Ply-IL9
5 (2-15)
3 (2-11)
5 (2-8)
0.818
Ply-IL10
10 (4-31)
4 (2-22)
11 (4-22)
0.206
Ply-IL13
9 (4-18)
10 (2-17)
8 (4-15)
0.720
Ply-TNF
6 (2-20)
5 (2-18)
10 (2-23)
0.940
70 (17-435)
0.566
PspA-IFN (pg/ml; mean and IQR)
93 (13-696)
118 (27-821)
2
PspA-IL5
4 (2-24)
5 (2-11)
5 (2-17)
0.793
PspA-IL9
4 (2-24)
4 (2-7)
4 (2-8)
0.769
PspA-IL10
11 (6-34)
9 (6-20)
10 (5-23)
0.880
PspA-IL13
24 (12-57)
23 (15-37)
24 (10-70)
0.811
PspA-TNF
4 (2-18)
8 (2-16)
4 (2-9)
0.285
CRM197-IFN (pg/ml; mean and IQR)
178 (21-661)
115 (33-933)
16 (2-1.87)
<0.001
CRM197-IL5
36 (9-135)
56 (10-155)
2 (2-29)
<0.001
CRM197-IL9
2 (2-8)
2 (2-14)
2 (2-4)
0.015
CRM197-IL10
2 (2-4)
2 (2-7)
2 (2-4)
0.417
20 (2-49)
<0.001
2 (2-2)
0.077
CRM197-IL13
CRM197-TNF
77 (26-141)
2 (2-2)
89 (30-234)
2 (2-4)
Children were randomized to receive 3 doses of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine starting at birth (neonatal PCV), at 1 month of age or no
PCV at all. Maternal Spn carriage (a) is nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae (Spn) by the mother at the time of delivery. Maternal serum
antibody titers were assessed as a surrogate marker for maternally-transferred antibody titers in the infants [12]. In vitro PBMC cytokine
3
responses to the pneumococcal proteins choline binding protein A (CbpA), pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA; family 1 and 2) and
pneumolysin (Ply), and the study vaccine protein carrier CRM197 were determined at 9 months of age. .
4