Name_________________________________________Date____________________Period_________
Chapter Five Section One and Two Study Guide
In order to prepare for the upcoming Heredity Test choose a strategy that best suits
your learning style. Some suggestions for answering the questions below are:
 Create one flash card per question with question on one side and answer on the
other
 Create a “flip book” with questions and answers (see teacher example)
 Picture dictionary
 Answer questions on this paper and highlight key words
 Method of your choice with approval by teacher
1.
Who is considered the “father of heredity”?
2.
Mendel concluded that _____________set(s) of instructions are present for each
_______________________. Each parent donates _____________set(s) of
instructions.
3.
When traits are passed down from parents to the next generation, what is this
called?
4.
Name the scientist who studied pea plants to determine traits and how they are
passed down from generation to generation.
5.
Why was it important that Mendel use self-pollinating plants in his experiments?
6.
Why is it important to look at two or more generations of offspring when looking at
genetic traits?
7.
What did Mendel call the trait that always showed, if present, in the offspring?
8.
What did Mendel call the trait that always seemed to disappear in the offspring if a
dominant trait was present?
9.
The feature that shows up in a population and has different forms, such as hair
color, is called what?
10. The different forms of the feature, such as red, brown, or blond hair is called
what?
11.
What percent of dominant and recessive traits did Mendel observe in the first
generation of his experiments? Dominant: _______%, Recessive: _______%
12. In the second generation of Mendel’s experiments, what ratio of dominant to
recessive traits did he discover?
13. Why is it important to use large quantities of data in an experiment?
14. When parents with purebred traits are bred and each parent shows a different
trait, such a brown haired father and a blond haired mother, which trait always
shows up in the first generation of offspring?
15. When parents with purebred traits are bred and each parent shows a different
trait, such a brown haired father and a blond haired mother, what happens to the
recessive trait in the first generation?
What happens to the recessive trait in the second generation?
16. What are the instructions for an inherited trait called?
17. The different forms of a gene are called what?
18. How many alleles are contributed from each parent for a trait?
19. What are the three different possible combinations of alleles (use the letter B – it
can be used as a capital letter and as a lower case letter). Label each combination
using two of these terms: heterozygous, homozygous dominant, homozygous
recessive, purebred dominant, purebred recessive, and hybrid.
_______: __________________________ or __________________________
_______: __________________________ or __________________________
_______: __________________________ or __________________________
20. The appearance of a trait, or the physical feature you see, is called the
___________________.
21. The combination of two or more alleles of a trait makes up the __________.
22. If there are two dominant or two recessive alleles, what is the organism called?
23. If there are one dominant and one recessive allele, what is the organism called?
24. What is the tool called that scientists use to predict the chance of different
genotypes occurring in offspring?
25. If both parents are heterozygous for a trait, what is the chance of seeing the
dominant trait in the offspring?
26. What is the mathematical chance that something will happen called?
27. What is it called when two parents bring together different dominant alleles for
the trait and the two alleles contribute its own influence to the trait of the
offspring (one is not dominant over the other)? An example is when a dominant red
flower cross with a dominant white flower and pink offspring are produced.
28. What are four exceptions to Mendel’s principles?
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
29. A male dog is heterozygous and has a long tail (T). A female dog is short tailed. A
dog breeder wants to know the chances of the offspring showing the different
traits.
What are the chances of having a short tailed
offspring? _______
What are the chances of having a long tailed
homozygous offspring? _______
30. Mom and Dad have no freckles and are both heterozygous (Ff). The couple has 4
children.
- What is the chance of having a child with no
freckles? _______
- What is the chance of having a child with
freckles? _______
- Does this mean that the couple will have 1
child with freckles and 3 children without
freckles? ________ (yes or no).
Explain your answer:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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Unit 5 Vocabulary Pretest-Level “B”
HEREDITY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
The trait observed in the first generation when parents
that have different traits are bred.
The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the
combination of genes for one or more specific traits.
The study of how traits are inherited through the
actions of alleles
The passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring
An offspring that was given different genetic
information for a trait from each parent.
Describes an organism with tow alleles that are the
same for a trait.
One set of instructions for an inherited trait
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in
an given instance of that event
Production of a phenotype that is intermediate
between the two homozygous parents.
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a
characteristic, such as hair color.
A tool to predict the probability of certain traits in an
offspring that shows different ways alleles can
combine.
A trait that reappears in the second generation after
disappearing in the first generations when parents with
different traits are bred.
An offspring that was given identical genetic
information for a trait from each parent.
Describes an organism with two different alleles for a
trait.
An organisms appearance or other detectable
characteristics.