ITA 3: Problem Solving Methodology and Database software
Chapter 2, Developing a solution using database software, p 37 - 43
In the previous chapter the problem solving methodology was introduced as a way of
solving information technology problems.
There are seven stages of which only six are covered in this unit with documentation
not covered.
The keyword used to describe the stages is: ADDTDIE
We have already dealt with in detail the analysis and design stage. In the design stage
the last aspect of it we examined was the use of a Project Management approach to
Problem Solving.
In this chapter we will through a database examine in detail at the problem solving
methodology.
Problem-Solving Methodology:
This is a structured process to determine a solution to a problem. It involves the
following seven steps:
1
Analyse the problem:
a) List what occurs during the analysis stage.
During the analysis stage the problem is investigated and the problem is defined.
The information needed is identified, other solutions are considered and a
preferred solution is determined.
b) Briefly, in the example of Ralph’s Roofing, what are Ralph’s problems.
Ralph’s method of managing his customer’s data was incorrect and his customers
who are a month late in paying their accounts are not identified.
2
Design the Solution
a) list what occurs during the design stage
The design stage involves producing a plan that includes establishing the
hardware and software required to build the solution. The plan also establishes
how the data will be stored and what steps should be taken. A test plan will have
to be created to outline what will be tested during this stage.
Structure of databases:
There are two distinct types of databases, Flat File Database and Relational
Databases.
Define the following terms:
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flat file database
a. field: Contains the same type of data for a series of records. The same
field for a series of records will contain the same type of data.
b. Record: is a set of information about one entity
c. primary key: uniquely identifies records in a database table.
d. form or data entry screens:
e. query: A request from a menu
f. report: A formatted and organized presentation of data.
g. macros or buttons or use of scripts: is a set of commands that run
automatically.
h. list the common data types: Text, Numeric, Data, Boolean (Yes/No),
Objects (Images, audio, video) & Memo (unlimited text)
i. In filemaker pro what are the common data types? Text, Numeric,
Boolean
Relational databases
a)
b)
c)
d)
define this type of database: A relational database stores data tables
that are arranged in columns and rows. Tables are linked by a common
field.
one-to-one relationship, give an example: A one-to-one relationship is
used where a record in one table is connected to only one record in a
second table.
one-to-many relationship, give an example: One record in the first
table can be connected to more than on record in a second table.
many-to-many relationship, give an example: Each record in the first
table can be joined to a number of records in the second table.
Exercises on databases:
Complete the document, Databases, Flat File Vs Relational
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