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Euromate SterilAir
（紫外線殺菌燈）
微生物...如同細菌、濾過性病毒、真菌等，將可被紫外線燈之輻射所破壞。
當空氣清淨機風扇轉動時，UV紫外線燈也將啟動。
UV分三級 Euromate VisionAir 採用有效殺菌等級 UV-C 254nm 9W2隻
UV-A (long wave)
from 320 to 400 nm
UV-B (medium wave)
from 280 to 320 nm
UV-C (short wave)
from 100 to 280 nm
使用VisionAir1 第二風速對大腸桿菌效率達90%
with 10% survival (90% destruction) at a k value of 0.077
Van: Ruurd Schut
Verzonden: dinsdag 1 november 2005 14:15
Aan: Derk Rietveld
Onderwerp: SterilAir
SterilAir
Steril Air involves the use of TUV (Tubular Ultra Violet) lamps to irradiate the air in an interior, usually where
a fairly large numbers of occupants are liable to remain in the same room for a reasonable period of time, such
as classrooms, waiting rooms or large open-plan offices in order to reduce the risk of airborne infection.
The SterilAir kit in the VisionAir range is a “Plug & Play” option. It can be installed in the air-cleaner at
any moment.
Air desinfection
Good results are obtained with this form of disinfection, and hence this is
an import area in which UV
radiation is used. Microorganisms floating
freely in room air are reached by UV radiation.
Illnesses
Air disinfection leads to an appreciable reduction in the number of airborne organisms in a room because the
air is forced by the circulation created by the VisionAir air-cleaner into the irradiated region. Thus the danger
of airborne infection, which is a factor in many illnesses, is considerably reduced.
Food and beverage
The main use to which UV radiation is put in the food and beverage industries is to disinfect the air in the areas
concerned, in order to prevent contamination of the product by airborne microorganisms.
The risk of contamination does not only occur during the manufacturing of foodstuffs but also at various stages
during their subsequent packing, storage, distribution and preparation.
However, it should always be remembered that disinfected air has not in itself a disinfecting effect.
Ultraviolet radiation
Ultraviolet is the name given to electromagnetic radiation lying in the wavelength band immediately beyond
the violet end of the visible spectrum but preceding X-ray radiation band.
The U.V. spectrum is arbitrarily subdivided into three bands, as follows.
- UV-A (long wave)
- UV-B (medium wave)
- UV-C (short wave)
from 320 to 400 nm
from 280 to 320 nm
from 100 to 280 nm
A strong germicidal effect is provided by the radiation in the UV-C band, the primary radiation generated by
these lamps consists almost exclusively of a spectral line at 254 nm, which is close to the optimum for the
germicidal effect. The effectiveness of germicidal action amounts to 85%
Germicidal action
The effective resistance of the many types of microorganism to ultraviolet radiation varies considerably (k rate
per micro-organism). Moreover, the environment of the particular microorganism influences the dose of
radiation needed for its destruction. Water, for instance, may absorb a part of the effective radiation depending
on the concentration of contaminants in it.
The survival of micro-organisms when exposed to UV radiation are governed by following main factors;
output of lamps
k rate depending on the species (see enclosures)
effective irradiance in W/m? (=J/s/m?)
number of air-changes
Air circulation & installed output
Free convection of air without forced circulation by VisionAir air-cleaners causes air movements of about 1.5 8 m? per minute (90 – 480 m? per hour)
Forced circulation by VisionAir air-cleaners creates air movements up to 2000 m? per hour, depending of
ventilator speed.
As an indication for general applications in a simple room without forced circulation (single pass) it is
advisable to install an UV-C level of 0,15 W/m?.
Due to forced circulation (multi pass) this required installed level may be divided by following number to reach
the same efficiency ;
Speed 1
Speed 2
Speed 3
Speed 4
VisionAir1 &
VisionAir2
1
1.5
2
2.5
UV-C level
required
0,150 W/m?
0,100 W/m?
0.075 W/m?
0,060 W/m?
Installed output
One SterilAir kit, prepared for VisionAir1 comes with 2 UV-C bulbs, pre-wired sockets, a choke and
installation manual. For a VisionAir2 two kits are required. The UV-lamps are 9W each, thus18W for
VisionAir1 and 36W for VisionAir2. The effectiveness amounts to 85%, remaining for germicidal action
13.5W resp. 27W.
The housing is already prepared for the sockets, has a cable-tray and on the PC-board of the VisionAir unit the
required connections are available.
The lamps are installed in the housing of the unit close to the outlet grids, but are fully shielded for the naked
eye. The visible blue light is harmless !
Required dose per micro-organism
The survival of micro-organisms when exposed to UV radiation are governed by factors as mentioned earlier,
but amongst other by the specific k rate depending on the species.
The advised UV-C level of 0,10 W/m? (speed 2, multi pass) is based on destruction of E.coli (Escherichia coli)
with 10% survival (90% destruction) at a k value of 0.077.
Bacteria
Bacillus anthrasis
B. megatherium sp. (spores)
B. megatherium sp. (veg.)
B. parathyphosus
B. suptilis
B. suptilis spores
Campylobacter jejuni
Clostridium tetani
Corynebacterium diphteriae
Dysentery bacilli
Eberthella typhosa
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella terrifani
Legionella pneumophila
Micrococcus candidus
Micrococcus sphaeroides
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Neisseria catarrhalis
Phytomonas tumefaciens
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Proteus vulgaris
Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella paratyphi
Salmonella typhimurium
Sarcina lutea
Seratia marcescens
Shigella paradysenteriae
Shigella sonnei
Spirillum rubrum
Staphylococcus albus
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus faecalis
Streptococcus hemoluticus
Streptococcus lactus
Streptococcus viridans
S.entertidis
Vibrio chlolerae (V.comma)
Yersinia enterocolitica
Dose
(j/m?)
45.2
27.3
13.0
32.0
71.0
120.0
11.0
120.0
33.7
22.0
21.4
30.0
26.0
9.0
60.5
100.0
60.0
44.0
44.0
55.0
35.0
26.4
40.0
32.0
80.0
197.0
24.2
16.3
30.0
44.0
18.4
26.0
44.0
21.6
61.5
20.0
40.0
35.0
11.0
k
Yeasts
0.051
0.084
0.178
0.072
0.032
0.019
0.209
0.019
0.069
0.105
0.108
0.077
0.089
0.256
0.038
0.023
0.038
0.053
0.053
0.042
0.065
0.086
0.058
0.072
0.029
0.012
0.095
0.141
0.077
0.053
0.126
0.086
0.052
0.106
0.037
0.115
0.057
0.066
0.209
Dose
(j/m?)
Bakers' yeast
Brewers' yeast
Common yeast cake
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces ellipsoideus
Saccharomyces sp.
k
39
33
60
60
60
80
0.060
0.070
0.038
0.038
0.038
0.029
600
440
1320
170
170
50
440
130
130
1110
0.003
0.004
0.0014
0.013
0.013
0.046
0.004
0.018
0.018
0.002
73
36
186
58
81
0.032
0.064
0.012
0.040
0.028
25
11
0.092
0.209
3000
120
0.0008
0.019
Mould Sporus
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus glaucus
Aspergillus niger
Mucor racemosus A
Mucor racemosus B
Oospora lactis
Penicillium digitatum
Penicillium expansum
Penicillium roqueforti
Rhizopus nigricans
Virus
Hepatitis A
Influenza virus
MS-2 Coliphase
Polio virus
Rotavirus
Protozoa
Cryptosporidium parvum
Giardia lamblia
Algae
Blue Green
Chlorella vulgaris
Table 2. Doses for 10% survival under 254 nm radiation (J/m?) and rate constant k (m?/J), Ref 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7
Efficiency calculation
The efficiency in destruction of other microorganisms is related to their specific k value. The correlation
between k values is lineair, although opposite. The higher the k value the lower the dose required.
The correlation between calculated efficiency’s almost lineair up to 90% efficiency. Above 90% efficiency
the correlation becomes logarithmic, and is very much depending on very precise calculated parameters and
should therefore be considered as >90% without more precise details.
Example;
Destruction E.coli at preferred ventilator speed 2 is 90%, survival rate 10%, the given k value of E.coli is 0.077.
What is the efficiency, at speed 2, in destruction of micrococcus candidus,
k value 0.038 ?
k value micrococcus 0.038 / k value e-coli 0.077 = 0,49
10% survival / 0.49 = 20.4 % survival
What is the efficiency, at speed 2, in destruction of dysentery bacilli,
k value 0.105
k value dysenteri bacili 0.105 / k value e-coli 0.077 = 1.36
10% survival / 1.36 = 7.35 % survival, indicating > 90 % efficiency.
Applications
The main areas of application of UV germicidal lamps may be briefly classified as follows ;
General air disinfection
Hospitals
Dental surgeries
Food and beverages
Classrooms
Open plan offices
Pharmaceutical industries
Laboratories
First-aid rooms
Decontamination rooms and polyclinics
There are many other areas, especially in industry, where the lamps may
be employed to provide UV irradiation for various purposes.