Name:___________________________________________ Date:_____________________ Class:_____
Chemical Bonding- Section 6.1
A chemical bond is a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons
of different atoms that binds the atoms together.
An ionic bond is a chemical bond that forms between cations and anions. In purely ionic
bonds, atoms completely give up electrons to other atoms.
A covalent bond is a chemical bond that forms when atoms share one or more pairs of
electrons.
-nonpolar-covalent bond- covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally and
therefore there is a balanced electrical charge
-occurs when two atoms of the same element bond (H2)
-polar-covalent bond- covalent bond in which the atoms have an unequal attraction
for the shared electrons
The type of bond formed is determined by the difference in the electronegativities of the
atoms involved.
Example: Fluorine (EN=4.0) bonds with Cesium (EN= 0.7)
Difference in electronegativities: 4.0-0.7=3.3
This bond would be an ionic bond.
Fluorine is very electronegative and gains electrons from cesium causing
cesium to become an anion.
0.0
Non-polar Covalent
0.3
Polar Covalent
Questions:
1. Which element has the highest electronegativity?
2. Which element has the lowest electronegativity?
3. Which type of bond involves a sharing of electrons?
1.7 Ionic 3.3
Use the periodic table with electronegativity values to determine what type of bond
would form in the following situations. Answer the following questions for each
bond:
 A. Difference in electronegativities
 B. Type of bond formed
 C. If polar covalent bond is formed, which element will have the more
negative charge?
1) A bond forms between hydrogen and oxygen:
a. _____________ b. _______________ c. ________________
2) A bond forms between cesium and sulfur:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
3) A bond forms between sulfur and chlorine:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
4) A bond forms between calcium and fluorine:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
5) A bond forms between hydrogen and sulfur:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
6) A bond forms between cesium and nitrogen
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
7) A bond forms between 2 oxygen atoms:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
8) A bond forms between nickel and iodine:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
9) A bond forms between carbon and oxygen:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
10) A bond forms between beryllium and hydrogen:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. ________________
11) A bond forms between lithium and magnesium:
a. ______________ b. _______________ c. _______________
12) A bond forms between nitrogen and magnesium:
a. ______________ b. ________________ c. _______________
13) A bond forms between sodium and chlorine:
a. ______________ b. ________________ c. _______________
14) A bond forms between carbon and nitrogen:
a. ______________ b. ________________ c. _______________
15) A bond forms between potassium and hydrogen:
a. ______________ b. ________________ c. _______________
16) A bond forms between 2 chlorine atoms:
a. ______________ b. ________________ c. _______________