Chapter 20—The Environment and Human Health- Review Test Tuesday May 5
1. Which of the following pollutants is caused by poor sanitation and can lead to gastrointestinal infections?
a. bacteria in food b. pesticides in food c. lead in water d. particulate matter in water
2. Dust storms, volcanoes, and wildfires are all
a. causes of pollution due to human activities.
b. natural events that do not cause pollution.
c. causes of pollution people can control.
d. natural causes of pollution.
3. Air pollution is a major health problem caused by the burning of fuels in
a. vehicles. b. home furnaces.
c. power plants and factories. d. All of the above
4. Much of the pollution in the environment is a result of
a. the use of too much water.
b. the use of landfills.
c. inadequate waste disposal.
d. newer pollution-control devices used at factories.
5. Each year, most of the cases of organophosphate poisoning occur in people who are
a. applying the chemical to crops.
b. eating fruit and vegetables with chemical residues.
c. inhaling the chemical while working in gas stations.
d. working in factories with various chemicals.
6. Toxicology is the study of the harmful effects of
a. substances on organisms.
c. pollutants on the environment.
b. viruses on organisms.
d. antibiotics on viruses.
ANS: A
7. Worldwide, nearly three-fourths of infectious diseases are transmitted through: a. water.
b. air.
c . soil.
d. people.
8. Which of the following is an environmental change that scientists believe may increase the areas where malaria occurs?
A. draining wetlands B. soil erosion
C. destroying habitats D. global warming
9. Which of the following is an environmental change that may result in more pathogens making a cross-species transfer to
humans?
a. polluting water with lead b. soil erosion
c. destroying habitats d. global warming
10. Human immune deficiency virus is considered an emerging virus because it
a. had been controlled until recently. c. developed from two other viruses.
b. was previously unknown.
d. has become resistant to antibiotics.
11. Which of the following pollutants is found in vehicle exhaust, burning waste, fires, and tobacco smoke?
matter b. lead c. coal dust d. pesticides
12. Two diseases that can be caused directly by pollution are
a. measles and tuberculosis. b. lead poisoning and lung cancer.
a. particulate
c. cholera and river blindness
13. Which county has the most deaths due to environmental deaths? A. China
14.Many old landfills are : A. leaking B. vanishing C. disintegrating
B. US C. India D. England
D. growing
15.A pathogen lives in a : A. vector B. drug C. disease D. Host
16.Infectious diseases are caused by A. Vectors
B. drugs C. pathogens D. hosts
17.This chemical cam develop learning deficiencies in young humans: A. salt B. potassium C. calcium D. lead
18. Which is very contagious by air: Airborne illness? A. AIDS B. Malaria C. salmonella D. influenza
Use the word bank below
1.Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury are examples of pollutants called ____________________.
2. Pollution can cause illness indirectly because many pathogens breed in or are spread by polluted_____________.
3. Pollutants that are used in agriculture and landscaping and might cause nerve damage, birth defects, and cancer in humans
are ____________________.
4. The chemical found in old paint and gasoline that can cause brain damage and learning problems is _______________.
5. DDT is known as a(n) __________________ pesticide because it breaks down slowly in the environment.
6. The damage to health that results from exposure to a given dose is called _______________.
7. Exposure to any amount of a chemical that is less than the ______________ dose has no adverse effect on health.
8. In the case of humans, risk is the _______________ of suffering a disease, injury, or death.
9. The hanta virus and Ebola virus are examples of ____________________ viruses.
10. Pollutants that cause health problems because they become trapped in the tiny air sacs in the lungs
(causing irritation) are called_________
11. Construction of irrigation canals and dams has encouraged the spread of infectious diseases by
increasing the habitat for ____________________ such as mosquitoes and snails.
12. Black lung disease is caused by ____________________.
13. In order for people to get malaria, they must be bitten by an infected ____________________.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mosquito
Coal dust
threshold vectors
lead heavy metals
probability
emerging
response
persistent
water
pesticide
particulate matter
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Epidemiology is the study of:
A. economics
B. harmful effects of substances
C. spread of disease
2. Which is not an emerging virus?
A hanta virus B. ebola virus West Nile virus D. influenza virus
3. Which is not burning fuel that causes air pollution:
A. vehicles B. power plants C. factories D. smoking cigarettes
4. What is a cross species transfer?
A. moved from one species to another B. animals eating C. organisms that terminate a disease D. when a disease is cured
We can use an enormous amount of ___ to treat illness . A. pollution B. pesticides C. disease D. antibiotics
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasitic protist transmitted by: A. fleas B. ticks C. ringworm D. mosquito
Which disease is caused by drinking water polluted by feces? A. ebola B. malaria C. HIV D. cholera
Where are malaria outbreaks most common? A. Europe B. Africa C. Southern USA
Toxic chemicals are used to make:
A building materials B. carpet/furniture C. cleaning fluids D. all of the answers
DDT is a: A. virus
B. chemical C. bacteria D. fungus
The amount of harmful chemicals to which a person is exposed is called:
A dose B. threshold C. vector D. risk assessment
D. Antarctica