农学院 2009 年共发表 SCI 论文 130 篇，详细情况如下：
1.
【篇名】Purification of a bioactive recombinant human Reg IV expressed in Escherichia coli
【作者】Hu, G. Y.,Shen, J. Q.,Cheng, L.,Xiang, D.,Zhang, Z. H.,He, M.,Lu, H. L.,Zhu, S. Y.,Wu,
M. Y.,Yu, Y.,Wang, X. P.,Han, W.
【期刊】Protein Expr. Purif.,69(2)
【摘要】Regenerating gene (Reg) IV is a newly discovered member of the regenerating gene
family belonging to the calcium (C-type) dependent lectin superfamily. Reg IV is highly
expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and markedly up-regulated in colon
adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and inflammatory bowel
disease. However, the physiological and pathological functions of Reg IV are largely
unknown, partly due to the limited access of the bioactive protein. We report here the first
expression and purification of Reg IV proteins using a prokaryotic system. Human Reg
IV was expressed in Escherichia coli as an insoluble protein which was identified in the
fraction of inclusion body after ultrasonication of the bacteria. After the protein aggregate
was solubilized by guanidine-HCl, it was refolded by sucrose and arginine-assisted
procedures and purified using cation-exchange chromatography. The protein identity and
purity of the final preparation were confirmed by analysis of the protein mass and
immune specificity in SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, and HPLC assay. The biological
activity of the protein was determined by the HCT116 and HT29 cell proliferation assays.
The highly purified bioactive human Reg IV should aid in further characterization of its
physiological and pathological functions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. AM rights reserved.
2.
【篇名】YIELD, FRUIT QUALITY AND NITROGEN UPTAKE OF ORGANICALLY AND
CONVENTIONALLY GROWN MUSKMELON WITH DIFFERENT INPUTS OF
NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, AND POTASSIUM
【作者】Song, S. W.,Lehne, P.,Le, J. G.,Ge, T. D.,Huang, D. F.
【期刊】J. Plant Nutr.,33(1)
【摘要】The effects of varied amounts of fertilization on yield, fruit quality, and nitrogen (N)
uptake of muskmelons (Cucumis melo L. var reticulatus Naud) grown under both organic
and conventional farming conditions were evaluated. Organic fertilizer (0.0, 0.55, 1.1,
and 2.2 kg m-2) and mineral fertilizers containing the same amounts of estimated plant
available nutrients [N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)] were applied to organic and
conventional farming plots, respectively, in both the spring and autumn seasons of 2005.
In comparison to conventional farming conditions, muskmelons grown under organic
farming conditions had the same yield, total soluble solids (TSS) and soluble sugar
contents in both growing seasons, and fruit pulp nitrate content was significantly reduced
by 12% on average in spring and 16% on average in autumn. At harvest maturity the
aboveground plant N concentration was significantly higher in the conventional
treatments than in the organic treatments. At the vine growth stage, the plant N
concentrations were similar in all treatments in both seasons. The ratios of nitrate N to
total N amount in aboveground biomass were higher in conventional and high fertilized
organic treatments than in low or not fertilized organic treatments under limited N supply
from the soil. Muskmelon plants absorbed mainly inorganic N, and the protein N fraction
in the xylem sap was larger than the amino acid N fraction. Plants grown in the organic
system had a higher proportion of organic N in their xylem sap, especially when manure
input was low.
3.
【篇名】Expressions and purification of a mature form of recombinant human Chemerin in
Escherichia coli
【作者】Xiang, D.,Zhang, J.,Chen, Y. Z.,Guo, Y. P.,Schalow, A.,Zhang, Z. H.,Hu, X. J.,Yu, H.
J.,Zhao, M.,Zhu, S. Y.,Lu, H. L.,Wu, M. Y.,Yu, Y.,Moldenhauer, A.,Han, W.
【期刊】Protein Expr. Purif.,69(2)
【摘要】Chemerin is a novel chemokine that binds to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)
ChemR23, also known as chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1). It is secreted as a
precursor and executes pro-inflammatory functions when the last six amino acids are
removed from its C-terminus by serine proteases. After maturation, Chemerin attracts
dendritic cells and macrophages through binding to ChemR23. We report a new method
for expression and purification of mature recombinant human Chemerin (rhChemerin)
using a prokaryotic system. After being expressed in bacteria, rhChemerin in inclusion
bodies was denatured using 6 M guanidine chloride. Soluble rhChemerin was prepared by
the protein-specific renaturation solution under defined conditions. It was subsequently
purified using ion-exchange columns to more than 95% purity with endotoxin level <1.0
EU/mu g. We further demonstrated its biological activities for attracting migration of
human dendritic cells and murine macrophages in vitro using established chemotaxis
assays. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
4.
【篇名】Study on structural changes of microwave heat-moisture treated resistant Canna
edulis Ker starch during digestion in vitro
【作者】Zhang, J.,Chen, F.,Liu, F.,Wang, Z. W.
【期刊】Food Hydrocolloids,24(1)
【摘要】Microwave heat-moisture treated Canna edulis Ker starch has been applied to study
structural changes in vitro using porcine a-amylase, pancreatin and amyloglucosidase.
The structures at different digestion stages were characterized using scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), polarized optical microscopy (POM), small angle X-ray scattering
(SAXS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and
solid state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The increase in
molecular order was observed with increasing digestion time and reflected in higher
scattering intensity measured by SAXS, higher crystallinity observed by XRD, the
increase of the double helix order obtained by solid state C-13 NMR spectroscopy, and
corresponding changes in the measurement of FT-IR, in favour of increasing resistant
starch content. SAXS reveals a single peak around 0.6335 nm(-1), suggesting that the
enzyme may erode the special site of granule surface and catalyze whole hydrolysis
reaction through pitted canals. In the process of digestion, amorphous region of starch
granule is susceptible to the attack of enzyme. Moreover, the result also demonstrates that
the resistance to enzymatic digestion may mainly depend on specific structure in the
treated starches. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
5.
【篇名】State of art of biomass fast pyrolysis for bio-oil in China: a review
【作者】Deng, C. J.,Liu, R. H.,Cai, J. M.
【期刊】J. Energy Inst.,2008, 81(4)
【摘要】This paper presents a review of biomass fast pyrolysis for the production of bio-oil in
Mainland China. The main contents are as follows. The feedstock for fast pyrolysis and
main pyrolysis reactor developed in Mainland China are introduced. The process of fast
pyrolysis for each pyrolysis reactor mentioned in this paper is described. The effects of
key parameters of fast pyrolysis on fluidised bed reactor are illustrated. Finally, the
properties, upgrading and application of bio-oil are discussed.
6.
【篇名】Monitoring NH3, N2O, CO2 and CH4 Emissions During Pig Solid Manure Storage Effect of Turning
【作者】Hassouna, M.,Espagnol, S.,Robin, P.,Paillat, J. M.,Levasseur, P.,Li, Y.
【期刊】Compost Sci. Util.,2008, 16(4)
【摘要】In France, as in other countries, there is a need to improve knowledge of greenhouse gas
and ammonia emissions from livestock production with various management options. The
aim of this study was to quantify the NH3, N2O, CO2 and CH4 emissions from two pig
solid manure heaps, turned and not turned, in order to examine the effect of turning on
gaseous emissions and to obtain additional information about emissions during
composting in commercial conditions. The manure produced from the fattening of 72 pigs
on straw bedding was divided between two identical heaps and stored outside on a
concrete area for three months during autumn 2004. One heap was turned at day 0, 11 and
27. Gaseous emissions (NH3, N2O, CH4, CO2, H2O) of both heaps, covered for the
purpose by ventilated greenhouses, were continuously measured over four periods (57
days in total). The tracer method, using SF6, was used to measure the ventilation rate in
the greenhouses. Concentrations inside and outside the greenhouses (to have a differential)
were measured by photoacoustic infrared absorption spectrometry with a gas analyser
coupled to a multipoint sampler and closer. Emissions were calculated by combining
various flows and differential concentrations and interpolated between the different
measuring periods. Results show that emission kinetics were very similar for the two
heaps, except after turning, when emissions are given a new impetus. On average, the
measured gas emissions for unturned and turned heaps represent a nitrogen loss (mainly
in the form of NH3) of 10.5% and 9% of the initial nitrogen, and a carbon loss (mainly in
the form of CO2) of 24 et 28% of the initial carbon. For both heaps, N2O is the primary
greenhouse gas emitted (3% of the initial nitrogen) and not CO2 or CH4. Considering the
uncertainty on the measurements and the representativity of the experiment, these results
did not show any clear difference between the two heaps. They underlined the
relationship between gaseous emissions and the initial product (dry matter > 30%) and the
diversity of the litters, which will be studied on the farm.
7.
【 篇 名 】 Optimization of Induction and Culture Conditions and Tropane Alkaloid
Production in Hairy Roots of Anisodus acutangulus
【作者】Li, L.,Wang, J.,Wang, W.,Lu, Y.,Wang, Y. L.,Zhou, G. Y.,Kai, G. Y.
【期刊】Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng.,2008, 13(5)
【摘要】In this study, an efficient transformation system for the medicinal plant Anisodus
acutangulus was successfully developed and optimized using Agrobacterium rhizogenes.
Three bacterial strains, A4, R1601, and modified C58C1 and three explant types, leaf
blade, petiole, and stem, were examined. The highest transformation efficiency of 94.44%
was achieved using strain C58C1 with stem explants. Over 20 independent hairy root
lines were successfully established with strain C58C1 using stem explants, all of which
contained the ro/B and ro/C genes as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out
of four media compositions, the liquid 1/2 MS medium was found the most suitable for
hairy root growth. The maximum bio-mass of one hairy root line increased up to 80 times
in liquid 1/2 MS medium after a 30 day culture period. Different hairy root lines
displayed a varied capacity for tropane alkaloid production and the best hairy root line
(T4) from the C58C1-stem combination produced up to 10.21 mg/g (dw) of hyoscyamine,
which was about 1.5-fold higher than in the wild type plants. To our knowledge, this is
the first report to demonstrate the production of tropane alkaloids in hairy roots of A.
acutangulus. (C) KSBB
8.
【篇名】Detecting QTLs for plant architecture traits in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
【作者】Li, X. Z.,Yuan, X. J.,Jiang, S.,Pan, J. S.,Deng, S. L.,Wang, G.,Le He, H.,Wu, A. Z.,Zhu, L.
H.,Koba, T.,Cai, R.
【期刊】Breed. Sci.,2008, 58(4)
【摘要】To improve the efficiency of breeding Cucumber ill China, we previously mapped QTL
for most fruit- and flower-related traits of this species. Here, we mapped QTLs for six
plant architecture traits including lateral branch number (LBN), lateral branch total length
(LBTL), main-stern length (MSL), internode length (TNL), main-stem diameter (MSD),
and petiole length (PL) were detected in greenhouse environments. In total, 14 QTLs
were identified for the six traits (LBN, 3; LBTL, 2; MSL, 3; INL, 2; MSD, 2; and PL, 2)
with additive heritability of individual QTL, ranging from 1.6% to 29.5%. Five QTLs for
four traits (LBN, LBTL, MSL, and INL) were observed to have significant (P <= 0.05)
QTL x environment interaction effects. The broad-sense heritability for the six traits
ranged from 8.5% to 47.0%. The QTL information presented in this research, together
with the data in Our previous study on the fruit- and flower-related traits, will facilitate
the breeding of elite cucumber cultivars by marker-assisted selection in China.
9.
【篇名】A Preliminary Study of Eperythrozoonsis in Shanghai
【作者】Liang, A. B.,Yao, C. B.,Hua, X. G.,Yuan, C. L.
【期刊】Blood,2008, 112(11)
【摘要】
10.
【篇名】Isolation and molecular characterization of a cax gene from Capsella bursa-pastoris
【作者】Lin, J.,Zhang, W.,Shi, M. Z.,Wang, X. L.,Sun, X. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Biocell,2008, 32(3)
【摘要】A new cation exchangers (CAXs) gene was cloned and characterized from Capsella
bursa-pastoris by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA
sequence of cax from C. bursa-pastoris (designated as Cbenx51) was 1754 by containing
a 1398 by open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 466 amino-acid residues with a
calculated molecular mass of 50.5 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.69. The predicted
CbCAX51 contained an IMP dehydrogenase/GMP reductase domain, two Na+/Ca+
exchanger protein domains. Comparative and bioinformatics analyses revealed that
CbCAX51 showed extensive homology with CAX from other plant species. The
expression analysis by different treatments indicated that Cbcax51 could be activated by
cold triggering and was related to the cold acclimation process, but its expression is
regulated negatively by drought and not affected by ABA or salt.
11.
【篇名】Molecular cloning, characterization and expression of a jasmonate biosynthetic
pathway gene encoding allene oxide cyclase from Camptotheca acuminata
【作者】Pi, Y.,Liao, Z. H.,Jiang, K. J.,Huang, B. B.,Deng, Z. X.,Zhao, D. L.,Zeng, H. N.,Sun, X.
F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Biosci. Rep.,2008, 28(6)
【摘要】AOC (allene oxide cyclase; EC 5.3.99.6), an essential enzyme in jasmonic acid and its
methyl ester biosynthesis, was cloned from Camptotheca acuminata (named as CaAOC),
a native medicinal plant species in China. CaAOC had significant similarity at the
amino-acid level with AOCs from other plant species. Comparison between the sequences
of the full-length cDNA and genomic DNA of CaAOC revealed that the genomic DNA of
CaAOC contained an 89-bp intron and a 240-bp intron. Southern-blot analysis indicated
that CaAOC was a multiple-copy gene, and real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed
that CaAOC was expressed constitutively in all organs tested, with the highest expression
level in leaves. The results from treatment experiments using different signalling
components, including methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, salicylic acid and H2O2, revealed
that expression of CaAOC had a prominent diversity. Heavy metal (copper) significantly
enhanced CaAOC expression, whereas wounding (induced by UV-B) was not so
effective.
12.
【篇名】Influence of dehydration on the desert moss in molecular mobility and membrane
fluidity monitored by spin label
【作者】Shu, S. J.,Wang, Y.,Chen, W. H.,Wang, Z. W.
【期刊】Biochem. Syst. Ecol.,2008, 36(12)
【摘要】
13.
【篇名】Epidemiology of hepatitis E
【作者】Zhu, J. G.,Hua, X. G.,Zhang, Y. L.,Yang, Z. B.
【期刊】Rev. Med. Microbiol.,2008, 19(4)
【摘要】Hepatitis, caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, has been regarded a serious public
health problem in developing countries. However, recent studies indicate that HEV also
circulates in industrialized countries. This review summarizes the current knowledge of
epidemiology of hepatitis E. Several studies have shown that there exists a possibility of
interspecies transmission between the human and other reservoirs; hepatitis E is
becoming a concern in countries where HEV is not, traditionally, believed to be endemic.
Progress has also been made to analyze genotype and genetic diversity of HEV isolates
from different geographic regions to trace the ancestors of HEV, to indicate the
environmental sources and routes of transmission of HEV, and to investigate
epidemiology of hepatitis E infections by demographic features. This might provide the
essential understanding of the epidemiology of infectious diseases. (C) 2009 Wolters
Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
14.
【篇名】Kinetic Analysis of Wheat Straw Oxidative Pyrolysis Using Thermogravimetric
Analysis: Statistical Description and Isoconversional Kinetic Analysis
【作者】Cai, J. M.,Alimujiang, S.
【期刊】Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,2009, 48(2)
【摘要】The oxidative pyrolysis kinetics of wheat straw was studied by thermogravimetric
analysis (TGA) under oxygen dynamic atmosphere. Nonisothermal TGA data at three
heating rates of 5, 10, and 20 K min(-1) were analyzed. The kinetic conversion data
calculated from the TGA data were fitted by the Weibull and logistic mixture models, and
the corresponding statistical analyses were performed. The statistical results showed that
the Weibull mixture model fitted the experimental data better than the logistic mixture
model and can accurately reproduce the kinetic conversion data. Making use of the data
predicted by the Weibull mixture model, some data required in the isoconversional kinetic
analysis, such as alpha vs T-alpha, can be easily obtained. An iterative linear integral
isoconversional method was developed and applied to evaluate the activation energy of
the oxidative pyrolysis process of wheat straw. The Vyazovkin-Dollimore nonlinear
integral isoconversional method was also used to calculate the activation energy. The
results have shown that two isoconversional methods are equivalent for the estimation of
the activation energy and the obtained activation energy is significantly dependent upon
conversion for the oxidative pyrolysis process of wheat straw.
15.
【篇名】Kinetic analysis of wheat straw pyrolysis using isoconversional methods
【作者】Cai, J. M.,Bi, L. S.
【期刊】J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.,2009, 98(1)
【摘要】The pyrolysis of wheat straw has been carried out by means of thermogravimetric
analysis in inert atmosphere. The samples were heated over a range of temperatures that
includes the entire range of pyrolysis with three different heating rates of 5, 10 and 20 K
min(-1). The activation energy values as a function of the extent of conversion for the
pyrolysis process of wheat straw have been calculated by means of the
Flynn-Wall-Ozawa isoconversional method, the Vyazovkin-Sbirrazzuoli isoconversional
method and an iterative isoconversional method presented in this article. The results have
showed that there are small differences between the activation energy values obtained
from the three methods, and the pyrolysis process reveals a dependence of the activation
energy on conversion and have indicated the validity of the iterative integral
isoconversional method. The effective activation energy for the pyrolysis of wheat straw
is 130-175 kJ mol(-1) in the conversion range of 0.15-0.85. Furthermore, the prediction of
the pyrolysis process under isothermal conditions from the dependence of the activation
energy on the extent of conversion has been presented.
16.
【篇名】A New Iterative Linear Integral Isoconversional Method for the Determination of
the Activation Energy Varying with the Conversion Degree
【作者】Cai, J. M.,Chen, S. Y.
【期刊】J. Comput. Chem.,2009, 30(13)
【摘要】The conventional linear integral isoconversional methods may lead to important errors in
the determination of the activation energy when the significant variation of the activation
energy with the conversion degree occurs. Vyazovkin proposed all advanced nonlinear
isoconversional method, which allows the activation energy to be accurately determined
[Vyazovkin, J Comput Client 2001. 22, 178]. However, the use of the Vyazovkin method
raises the problem of the time-consuming minimization without derivatives. A new
iterative linear integral isoconversional method for the determination of the activation
energy as a function of the conversion degree has been proposed, which is capable of
providing valid values of the activation energy even if the latter strongly varies with the
conversion degree. Also, the new method leads to the correct values of the activation
energy in much less time than the Vyazovkin method. The application of the new Method
is illustrated by processing of theoretically simulated data of a strongly varying activation
energy process. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Client 30: 1986-1991, 2009
17.
【篇名】Weibull mixture model for isoconversional kinetic analysis of biomass oxidative
pyrolysis
【作者】Cai, J. M.,Chen, S. Y.,Liu, R. H.
【期刊】J. Energy Inst.,2009, 82(4)
【摘要】In this work, the possibility of applying the weighted sum of three cumulative Weibull
distribution functions for the fitting of the kinetic conversion data of biomass oxidative
pyrolysis has been investigated. The kinetic conversion data of the thermal decomposition
of olive oil solid waste in oxygen atmosphere for different heating rates have been
analysed. The results have shown that the experimental data can be perfectly reproduced
by the general fitting function. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the corresponding
conversion rates of biomass oxidative pyrolysis by differentiating directly the fitted
kinetic conversion data. Additionally, the logistic mixture model has been applied to the
same experimental data. It can be found that the newly proposed function can provide a
better fit of the data than the logistic mixture model. Based on the fitting of Weibull
mixture model, the kinetic triples, i.e. E, A and f(alpha), of oxidative pyrolysis of olive
solid waste, were obtained by means of Friedman's differential isoconversional method.
18.
【篇名】Kinetic Analysis of Solid-State Reactions: A General Empirical Kinetic Model
【作者】Cai, J. M.,Liu, R. H.
【期刊】Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,2009, 48(6)
【摘要】In this research note, we presented a general empirical kinetic model that can fit any ideal
kinetic model and even deviations produced by heterogeneities in particle shapes. The
algebraic expression of the general empirical kinetic model is f(alpha) = alpha(m) (1 - q
alpha)(n). The kinetic model can be used for performing the kinetic analysis of
experimental data without previous assumptions about the form of the reaction kinetic
model. The empirical kinetic model has been evaluated from the theoretical and
experimental data.
19.
【篇名】On evaluate of the integral methods for the determination of the activation energy
【作者】Cai, J. M.,Liu, R. H.
【期刊】J. Therm. Anal. Calorim.,2009, 96(1)
【摘要】Recently, A"rfA o pound obtained two simple equations for the estimation of the relative
error in the activation energy calculated by the integral methods [2]. In this short
communication, the validity of the equations has been evaluated by comparing the results
calculated by the equations with the results calculated by the equation from theoretical
derivation without introducing any assumption.
20.
【篇名】Kinetic analysis of solid state reactions without neglecting temperature integral at
starting temperature: relationship between conversion degree at maximum reaction
rate and reaction mechanism
【作者】Cai, J. M.,Liu, R. H.,Shen, F.
【期刊】J. Energy Inst.,2009, 82(2)
【摘要】In the conventional kinetic analyses of solid state reactions studied during linear heating,
the temperature integral at the starting temperature is usually neglected. In this paper, an
analytical equation is mathematically derived without neglecting the temperature integral
at the starting temperature of the linear heating, which describes the relationship between
the conversion degree at the maximum reaction rate and the reaction mechanism. This
relationship can be expressed as f'(alpha(m))g(alpha(m)) = -gamma/zeta
m(2)e(gamma/zeta m) integral(zeta m)(1) e-(gamma/zeta) d zeta. It is shown that the
conversion degree at the maximum reaction rate is dependent on the reaction mechanism
and two dimensionless variables: zeta(m)=T-m/T-0 and gamma=E/RT0.
21.
【篇名】Effects of Human Fecal Flora on Intestinal Morphology and Mucosal Immunity in
Human Flora-associated Piglet
【作者】Che, C.,Pang, X.,Hua, X.,Zhang, B.,Shen, J.,Zhu, J.,Wei, H.,Sun, L.,Chen, P.,Cui,
L.,Zhao, L.,Yang, Q.
【期刊】Scand. J. Immunol.,2009, 69(3)
【摘要】Human flora-associated (HFA) piglet model was established to examine the effects of gut
microbes from a different donor species on the intestinal morphology and mucosal
immunity. Newborn germ-free piglets, obtained by caesarean section, were orally
inoculated with a human and a porcine faecal suspension, and artificially fed to establish
a HFA group (n = 7) and pig flora-associated (PFA) group (n = 7), respectively. All pigs
were killed 6 weeks later. Tissue samples from duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were
collected and studied by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry methods for intestinal
morphological analyses and detection of immunocompetent cells. In summary, both
groups of pigs performed well but HFA pigs had a somewhat better daily weight gain, and
their jejunal villus height and crypt depth were significantly higher. In comparison with
PFA pigs, the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes in jejunum was lower but the number
of goblet cells containing neutral mucins was significantly increased in HFA pigs. No
difference was observed in the number of mast cells. The areas of IgA producing cells and
CD4(+) T cells in the jejunum and IgG producing cells in the small intestine were
significantly higher in HFA pigs. However, the areas of MHC class II expressing cells
were significantly increased in the duodenum and colon. Additionally, the amount of
Bifidobacteria spp. was significantly higher in HFA pigs. This study confirms that the
composition of gut microbes differentially affects the host intestinal mucosal immunity
and suggests that commensal bacteria have great effects on intestinal health and
development.
22.
【篇名】ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3-LIKE1 Repress
SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT2 Expression to Negatively Regulate
Plant Innate Immunity in Arabidopsis
【作者】Chen, H. M.,Xue, L.,Chintamanani, S.,Germain, H.,Lin, H. Q.,Cui, H. T.,Cai, R.,Zuo, J.
R.,Tang, X. Y.,Li, X.,Guo, H. W.,Zhou, J. M.
【期刊】Plant Cell,2009, 21(8)
【 摘 要 】 Pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/MAMPs) trigger plant
immunity that forms the first line inducible defenses in plants. The regulatory mechanism
of MAMP-triggered immunity, however, is poorly understood. Here, we show that
Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factors ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) and
ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3-LIKE1 (EIL1), previously known to mediate ethylene
signaling, also negatively regulate PAMP-triggered immunity. Plants lacking EIN3 and
EIL1 display enhanced PAMP defenses and heightened resistance to Pseudomonas
syringae bacteria. Conversely, plants overaccumulating EIN3 are compromised in PAMP
defenses and exhibit enhanced disease susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae.
Microarray analysis revealed that EIN3 and EIL1 negatively control PAMP response
genes. Further analyses indicated that SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT2
(SID2), which encodes isochorismate synthase required for pathogen-induced
biosynthesis of salicylic acid (SA), is a key target of EIN3 and EIL1. Consistent with this,
the ein3-1 eil1-1 double mutant constitutively accumulates SA in the absence of pathogen
attack, and a mutation in SID2 restores normal susceptibility in the ein3 eil1 double
mutant. EIN3 can specifically bind SID2 promoter sequence in vitro and in vivo. Taken
together, our data provide evidence that EIN3/EIL1 directly target SID2 to downregulate
PAMP defenses.
23.
【篇名】Synergy of TRIF-dependent TLR3 and MyD88-dependent TLR7 in up-regulating
expression of mouse FPR2, a promiscuous G-protein-coupled receptor, in microglial
cells
【作者】Chen, K. Q.,Huang, J.,Liu, Y.,Gong, W. H.,Cui, Y. H.,Wang, J. M.
【期刊】J. Neuroimmunol.,2009, 213(1-2)
【摘要】Human G-protein-coupled formyl peptide receptor-like 1 and its mouse homologue
formyl peptide receptor 2 mediate the chemotactic activity of a variety of pathogen and
host-derived peptides, including amyloid 1342, a key causative factor in Alzheimer's
disease (AD). Here, we found that polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)), which is a
specific TLR3 ligand, and Imiquimod (R837), which is a specific TLR7 ligand, when
used alone, each increased MAPK-dependent functional mFPR2 expression in microglial
cells, and the combination of Poly(I:C) and R837 exhibited additive effect by enhancing
the level Of I kappa B-alpha phosphorylation. Our results indicated that RNA virus
infection may actively participate in the pathogenic processes of brain inflammation and
neurodegenerative diseases by TLR3- and TLR7-mediated TRIF-dependent and
MyD88-dependent signaling pathways. Published by Elsevier B.V.
24.
【篇名】Analysis of Cry1Ab toxin bioaccumulation in a food chain of Bt rice, an herbivore
and a predator
【作者】Chen, M.,Ye, G. Y.,Liu, Z. C.,Fang, Q.,Hu, C.,Peng, Y. F.,Shelton, A. M.
【期刊】Ecotoxicology,2009, 18(2)
【摘要】Lessons from organophosphorus pesticides, which could be bioaccumulated in non-target
organisms at different trophic levels and caused unexpected negative impacts, necessitate
a study of the possibility of biotransfer and bioaccumulation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)
insecticidal toxin(s) expressed in Bt plants. Using ELISA, we evaluated the transfer of
Cry1Ab toxin in a food chain of Bt rice (KMD1 and KMD2), the target insect,
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, and its predator, Pirata subpiraticus. Cry1Ab was detected in C.
medinalis and P. subpiraticus. However, the concentration of Cry1Ab detected from C.
medinalis and P. subpiraticus did not increase as feeding or preying time increased. A
binding study of Cry1Ab to the brush border membrane vesicle of C. medinalis and P.
subpiraticus indicated that P. subpiraticus does not have binding receptors in its midgut to
Cry1Ab, while C. medinalis does. Survivorship and fecundity of P. subpiraticus preying
on Bt rice-fed C. medinalis were not significantly different from those preying on non-Bt
rice-fed C. medinalis. Developmental time of P. subpiraticus was significantly longer
when it preyed on Bt rice-fed C. medinalis than on non-Bt rice-fed prey. However, a
3-year field trial indicated that Bt rice did not significantly affect the density of P.
subpiraticus.
25.
【篇名】QSPR for HLB Values of Nonionic Surfactants Using Two Simple Descriptors
【作者】Chen, M. L.,Wang, Z. W.,Duan, H. J.
【期刊】J. Dispersion Sci. Technol.,2009, 30(10)
【摘要】By using the quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) method, the relationship
between the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value and the chemical structure of
surfactants were studied for nonionic surfactants of the ethoxylated alcohols and
ethoxylated alkylphenols, for which the number of EO groups is less than 20. The
obtained best QSPR model contains only two simple descriptors. One is zero order of
Kier-Hall index (KH0); the other is the number of oxygen atoms in the hydrophilic group
(No). The correlation coefficient (R2) is as high as 0.984. The resulted QSPR model
shows a significantly higher accuracy with respect to the effective chain length method.
26.
【篇名】DFT Investigation of Alkyl Sulfate Surfactant Adsorption at the Air-Water Interface
【作者】Chen, M. L.,Wang, Z. W.,Tao, F. M.
【期刊】J. Dispersion Sci. Technol.,2009, 30(2)
【摘要】The interaction of alkyl sulfate surfactant with water molecules was studied by using DFT.
It was revealed for the first time that alkyl sulfate surfactant formed stable hydrate with
six water molecules when it was saturation adsorption at the air-water interface. The
influence of alkyl chain length on the hydration area and the structure of hydrophilic
group of complexes CH3 [image omitted](H2O)6 (m=0-8) was investigated. The
calculated results showed that: (1) the hydration area of the hydrophilic group was 53.62,
which was in good agreement with the experimental results; (2) change in the length of
alkyl chain had almost no effect on the structure and hydration area of the hydrophilic
group.
27.
【篇名】The acid tolerance association with expression of H+-ATPase in Lactobacillus casei
【作者】Chen, X.,Sun, Z. H.,Meng, H.,Zhang, H. P.
【期刊】Int. J. Dairy Technol.,2009, 62(2)
【摘要】Acid and bile salt tolerance are considered as important properties for lactic acid bacteria
to act as probiotics. Moreover, H+-ATPase is acting for the production of ATP to the
transmembrane proton motive force and can either generate ATP or generate a PMF using
ATP produced by fermentative substrate-level phosphorylation. In this work, we isolated
a potential probiotic organism from home-made koumiss and detected the expression of
H+-ATPase in distinct acid conditions using the reverse transcription polymerase chain
reaction method. The results show that Lactobacillus casei Zhang can be considered as
potentially probiotic to some extent: and that the expression of H+-ATPase is associated
with the acidity of the environment in L. casei.
28.
【篇名】Molecular Cloning and Characterisation of Alpha Subunit of H+-ATPase in
Lactobacillus casei Zhang
【作者】Chen, X.,Yang, M.,Sun, Z. H.,Liu, W. J.,Sun, T. S.,Meng, H.,Zhang, H. P.
【期刊】Czech. J. Food Sci.,2009, 27(1)
【摘要】The acid tolerance is an important property of Lactic acid bacteria as potential probiotics.
H+-ATPase is considered a key gene in several bacteria with the ability of acid tolerance.
We cloned and sequenced the full length cDNA of alpha subunit of H+-ATPase gene in
Lactobacillus casei Zhang, which had been isolated from traditional home-made koumiss
in Inner Mongolia of China. The results showed that the respective cDNA sequence is
composed of 1530 nucleotides and codes a putative protein including 509 amino acids. In
addition, we also reconstructed the phylogenic trees for H+-ATPase gene based on amino
acids sequences of diverse strains of Lactic acid bacteria.
29.
【 篇 名 】 Expression of thymosin alpha I concatemer in transgenic tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum) fruits
【作者】Chen, Y. H.,Wang, A. X.,Zhao, L. X.,Shen, G. A.,Cui, L. J.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem.,2009, 52(【摘要】T alpha I (thymosin alpha I), an immune
booster, plays an important role in the maturation, differentiation and function of T-cells.
It can also activate the production of cytokines in dendritic cells. Tal is one of two
thymosin proteins that have potential future clinical applications. In order to express T
alpha I protein in plants, we designed and synthesized the T alpha I gene according to the
plant codon usage bias and created a novel 4 x T alpha I concatemer (four copies of the T
alpha I gene arranged end-to-end in tandem, designated 4 x T alpha I). Subsequently, a
plant binary expression vector, PG-pRD 12-4 x T alpha I, was constructed and introduced
into tomato via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Through selection,
54 regenerated tomato plants resistant to kanamycin were obtained, and four transgenic
tomato plants were further confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting. RT-PCR (reverse
transcription-PCR) analysis showed that the 4 x T alpha I gene was transcribed
specifically in tomato [Solanum lycopersicum (formerly Lycopersicon esculentum)] fruits.
ELISA analysis showed that the content of the 4 x Tot I protein reached a maximum of
6.098 mu g/g fresh weight in mature tomato fruit. Western-blot analysis further confirmed
the expression of 4 x T alpha I protein in transgenic tomato fruits. The MTT
[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] assay showed the 4 x
T alpha I protein derived from transgenic tomatoes exhibited bioactivity that can
stimulate the proliferation of mice splenic lymphocytes in vitro, and the specific activity
of T alpha I protein from the artificial system was higher than that from the synthetic
Escherichia coli system. This study is the first to report successful expression of bioactive
T alpha I in plants, and also it will provide the basis for furl ther development of the plant
system to produce T alpha I.
30.
【 篇 名 】 Kinetic analysis of solid-state reactions: Evaluation of approximations to
temperature integral and their applications
【作者】Deng, C. J.,Cai, J. M.,Liu, R. H.
【期刊】Solid State Sci.,2009, 11(8)
【摘要】The temperature integral, which has no exact analytical solution, is involved in the
analysis of the experiment data obtained under nonisothermal conditions. Some
approximations for the temperature integral have been proposed in the literature for the
determination of the kinetic parameters, in particular the activation energy. Those
approximations are classified into two categories, that is, exponential and rational
approximations. The precision of them for estimating the temperature integral was
evaluated within a certain continuous range rather than at several discrete points. Some
applications of the approximations in the kinetic methods were presented. The relative
errors of the activation energy and pre-exponential factor with four rational
approximations by employing model-fitting method were calculated. The relative errors
of the activation energy for a series of conversion rate with four rational and four
exponential approximations by employing linear integral isoconversional methods were
evaluated. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
31.
【篇名】Chemical constituents of the petroleum ether extract of Holotrichia diomphalia
larvae
【作者】Dong, Q. F.,Zhang, S. F.,Wang, Y. L.,Zhang, H. M.,Zhang, L.
【期刊】Chem. Nat. Compd.,2009, 45(1)
【摘要】
32.
【篇名】A new Bayesian automatic model selection approach for mapping quantitative trait
loci under variance component model
【作者】Fang, M.,Jiang, D.,Gao, H. J.,Sun, D. X.,Yang, R. Q.,Zhang, Q.
【期刊】Genetica,2009, 135(3)
【摘要】Bayesian variable selection implemented via reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo
(RJMCMC) is an effective method for mapping multiple QTL. Recently, it has been used
for QTL mapping both in inbred line crosses and in outbred populations. However, by
RJMCMC, since the model-dimension is variable, the parameters are usually subject to
poor mixing and difficult to converge. In inbred lines, the fixed effect model is used for
mapping QTL, various approaches which keep the model-dimension unchanged have
been proposed, and it is proved that the mixing properties of Markov chains is
substantially improved compared with RJMCMC. In outbred populations, the random
effect model is used and the implementation via RJMCMC for variable selection still is
the mainstream to map multiple QTL. Due to the poor performance RJMCMC has, it is
meaningful to develop a model-dimension fixed approach for mapping QTL under
random effect model. In this article, we proposed a new model-dimension fixed approach
called Bayesian automatic model selection method for mapping multiple QTL under
random effect model. By the new approach, all variances of QTL are subject to estimate,
in which the variance of zero-effect QTL will exactly converge to zero, and those of
non-zero effect QTL will be estimated precisely. Therefore, no special model selection is
required. A series of simulation experiments have been conducted to investigate the
performance of the method, the result showed that the new approach is very efficient for
mapping multiple QTL. A computer program written in FORTRAN is available to
interested users on request.
33.
【篇名】Study on food-grade vitamin E microemulsions based on nonionic emulsifiers
【作者】Feng, J. L.,Wang, Z. W.,Zhang, J.,Wang, Z. N.,Liu, F.
【期刊】Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp.,2009, 339(1-3)
【摘要】Phase diagram of water/vitamin E/oil/EL-35/ethanol system was determined. The effects
of temperature and the concentration of NaCl aqueous solution on the microemulsion
formation for this system were further investigated. The O/W, W/O and bicontinuous
regions were divided by conductance method. The release rate of vitamin E from the
microemulsion was studied with dialysis bag-Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer and the
cytotoxicity assay of vitamin E in microemulsion was investigated with cancer cells H446.
The results Show that the influences of temperature and salinity on microemulsion region
were very slight. However, the viscosity measurements along the selected dilution lines to
the microemulsion indicate that when the watercontent was at 40% the system inverts
from W/O to O/W microemulsion. The microemulsion enveloping vitamin E possessed
eminent sustaining release efficiency that reached 86.7% within the first 10 h and the
efficiency was further confirmed with the growth inhibitory effect test on human cancer
cells H446. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
34.
【篇名】Effects of vegetation cover on phosphorus loss from a hillslope cropland of purple
soil under simulated rainfall: a case study in China
【作者】Gao, Y.,Zhu, B.,Zhou, P.,Tang, J. L.,Wang, T.,Miao, C. Y.
【期刊】Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst.,2009, 85(3)
【摘要】Nutrients and sediment lost through runoff to surface and ground water represents a risk
to human and environmental health. In order to understand the mechanisms of nutrient
and sediment loss under different levels of vegetation cover, we conducted a simulated
rainfall experiment on hillslope cropland in the Sichuan Basin of China. The experiment
was performed on a 4.5 m long x 1.5 m wide x 0.6 m deep plot to analyze the
mechanisms of overland flow, subsurface flow, sediment yield, and P loss for bare soil,
and soil with 25, 50, 75, and 90% vegetation coverage. The results showed that total
sediment loss and total bioavailable P (BAP) loss by overland flow decreased with
increasing coverage; the rate of P release from fertilizer decreased with increasing time
during a rain event and increasing coverage; and the growth in vegetation shoots and
roots improved soil physical properties around roots, thus increasing P absorbance and the
infiltration rate. Hence, we suggest increasing vegetation coverage to conserve soil and
reduce BAP loss by sediments, and paying more attention to groundwater affected by
pollutant transport through subsurface flows.
35.
【篇名】Amino acids as a nitrogen source for tomato seedlings: The use of dual-labeled (C-13,
N-15) glycine to test for direct uptake by tomato seedlings
【作者】Ge, T. D.,Song, S. W.,Roberts, P.,Jones, D. L.,Huang, D. F.,Iwasaki, K.
【期刊】Environ. Exp. Bot.,2009, 66(3)
【摘要】Direct uptake of organic nitrogen (ON) compounds, rather than inorganic N, by plant
roots has been hypothesized to constitute a significant pathway for plant nutrition. The
aim of this study was to test whether tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Huying932)
can take up ON directly from the soil by using (NH4Cl)-N-15, (KNO3)-N-15, 1,
2-(C2N)-C-13-N-15-glycine labeling techniques. The C-13 and N-15 in the plants
increased significantly indicating that a portion of the glycine-N was taken up in the form
of intact amino acids by the tomatoes within 48 h after injection into the soil. Regression
analysis of excess C-13 against excess N-15 showed that approximately 21% of the
supplied glycine-N was taken up intact by the tomatoes. Atom% excesses of N-15 and
C-13 in the roots were higher than in any shoots. Results also indicated rapid turnover of
amino acids (e.g., glycine) by soil microorganisms, and the poor competitive ability of
tomatoes in absorbing amino acids from the soil solution. This implies that tomatoes can
take up ON in an intact form from the soil despite the rapid turnover of organic N usually
found under such conditions. Given the influence of climatic change and N pollution,
further studies investigating the functional ecological implications of ON in horticultural
ecosystems are warranted. Crown Copyright (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
36.
【篇名】Cloning and analysis of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene from
Cordyceps militaris
【作者】Gong, Z. H.,Su, Y.,Huang, L.,Lin, J.,Tang, K. X.,Zhou, X. W.
【期刊】Afr. J. Agric. Res.,2009, 4(4)
【摘要】A gene encoding a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) gene was isolated
from Cordyceps militaris using degenerate PCR and Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR
(TAIL-PCR) technology. Analysis of 4493 bp segments (Cmgpd) revealed the cloned
gene contains a 2515 bp 5' upstream region, a 1296 bp coding region and a 682 bp 3'
downstream region. The coding region contains a 279 bp intron. After cutting the intron,
the open reading frame (ORF) with 1017 bp encodes a polypeptide of 338 amino acid
residues. The deduced amino acid sequence indicates a proprotein with a molecular
weight of 36.18 kDa. There are one TATA box and two possible CAAT boxes lying in the
5' upstream region. The deduced amino acid sequence of C. militaris GPD shared
different homology (ranging from 77-94%) with gpd genes from yeast and filamentous
fungi species, such as Beauveria bassiana, Gibberella zeae, Myrothecium gramineum.
The cloning of the gene not only provides a basis for the further investigation of its
structure, expression and regulation mechanism, but also the upstream promoter of
Cmgpd has the potential use for directing high and constitutive expression of homologous
and heterologous genes.
37.
【篇名】Applicability of the Chymopapain Gene Used as Endogenous Reference Gene for
Transgenic Huanong No. 1 Papaya Detection
【作者】Guo, J. C.,Yang, L. T.,Liu, X.,Zhang, H. B.,Qian, B. J.,Zhang, D. B.
【期刊】J. Agric. Food Chem.,2009, 57(15)
【摘要】The virus-resistant papaya, (Carica papaya L.), Huanong no. 1, was the genetically
modified (GM) fruit approved for growing in China in 2006, To implement the labeling
regulation of GM papaya and its derivates, the development of papaya endogenous
reference gene is very necessary for GM papaya detection. Herein, we reported one
papaya specific gene, Chymopapain (CHY), as one suitable endogenous reference gene,
used for GM papaya identification. Thereafter, we established the conventional and
real-time quantitative PCR assays of the CHY gene. In the CHY conventional PCR assay,
the limit of detection (LOD) was 25 copies of haploid papaya genome. In the CHY
real-time quantitative PCR assay, both the LOD and the limit of quantification (LOQ)
were as low as 12.5 copies of haploid papaya genome. Furthermore, we revealed the
construct-specific sequence of Chinese GM papaya Huanong no. 1 and developed its
conventional and quantitative PCR systems employing the CHY gene as endogenous
reference gene. This work is useful for papaya specific identification and GM papaya
detection.
38.
【篇名】Effect of chitosan on the available contents and vertical distribution of Cu2+ and
Cd2+ in different textural soils
【作者】Guo, Z.,Hu, X.,Ao, Y. S.
【期刊】J. Hazard. Mater.,2009, 167(1-3)
【摘要】Chitosan, an environment-friendly biopolymer, has been adopted to remedy contaminated
soils by heavy metals of Cu2+ and Cd2+. Experimental results demonstrated that, within
the first 7 cl, available Cu2+ and Cd2+ contents in three textural soils (clay, loam, and
sandy soil) decreased significantly after chitosan application. Moreover, the available
Cu2+ and Cd2+ contents in soil layers of 14-16 cm and 24-26 cm, were significantly
reduced than that in 4-6 cm after 7 d of chitosan application. Our investigation suggested
that application of 0.9 g chitosan kg(-1) DW soil for 7 d could be perfect for the
remediation of the soil contaminated by Cu2+ and Cd2+. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
39.
【篇名】S100A11: Diverse Function and Pathology Corresponding to Different Target
Proteins
【作者】He, H. L.,Li, J. J.,Weng, S. Y.,Li, M. F.,Yu, Y.
【期刊】Cell Biochem. Biophys.,2009, 55(3)
【摘要】S100A11, as a member of S100 protein family, while featuring the common identities as
the other EF-hand Ca2+-binding family members, has its own individual characteristics.
S100A11 is widely expressed in multiple tissues, and is located in cytoplasm, nucleus,
and even cell periphery. S100A11 exists as a non-covalent homodimer with an
antiparallel conformation. Ca2+ binding to S100A11 would trigger conformational
changes which would expose the hydrophobic cleft of S100A11 and facilitate its
interaction with target proteins. Since S100A11 appears to lack enzymatic activity, in this
article, corresponding to a variety of its target proteins, we systematically describe the
biological roles of S100A11 and its possible mechanism in the processes of inflammation,
regulation of enzyme activity, and cell growth regulation. As a dual cell growth mediator,
S100A11 acts as either a tumor suppressor or promoter in many different types of tumors
and would play respective roles in influencing the proliferation of the cancer cells. We
intend to illustrate the biological function of the S100 protein, and shed light on the
further research, which will provide us with a better understanding of it.
40.
【篇名】Photosynthetic Responses of Bermudagrass to Drought Stress Associated with
Stomatal and Metabolic Limitations
【作者】Hu, L. X.,Wang, Z. L.,Huang, B. R.
【期刊】Crop Sci.,2009, 49(5)
【摘要】Plants may survive drought stress by altering photosynthetic metabolism. This study was
designed to investigate stomatal and metabolic changes associated with photosynthetic
responses to drought for bermudagrass. A hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.)
Pers. x C. trans-vaalensis Burtt Davy, cv. Tifway] and a common bermudagrass (C.
dactylon, cv. C299) were subjected to drought by withholding irrigation in growth
chambers. Tifway maintained higher relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage
than C299 under drought. Net photosynthetic rate (P-n) and stomatal conductance (g(s))
decreased, with more rapid decline in C299, but P-n was significantly greater in Tifway
than in C299, while g(s) did not differ between the two genotypes during 14 d of drought.
Photochemical efficiency, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase:oxygenase (Rubisco)
activity, and activation state declined during drought stress, but were higher in Tifway
than in C299 within 14 d of treatment. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that at 14 and 18
d of drought, pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (98 kDa) and Rubisco protein (49 kDa)
exhibited severe degradation in C299 but to a lesser extent in Tifway. These results
indicated that the superior drought resistance in Tifway could be attributed to higher
photosynthetic capacity through the maintenance of higher metabolic activities, as
manifested by more active Rubisco enzyme and Rubisco activase and more stable
photosynthetic proteins.
41.
【篇名】Effects of temperature on the release of nutrient elements of solid organic materials
under conditions of oversaturation
【作者】Hu, M. H.,Li, Y. Q.,Sun, M.,Ao, Y. S.
【期刊】Waste Manage.,2009, 29(12)
【摘要】The effects of temperature on the release of chemical components of six solid organic
materials under conditions of oversaturation were investigated in this paper. The six
materials were peat moss (PM), weathered coals (WC), charred rice husks (CRH),
sawdust (Sd), turfgrass clippings (TC), and chicken manure (CM). Significant differences
were observed in the available nitrogen and phosphorus content of the aqueous extracts of
organic materials at different temperatures. The available nitrogen content in aqueous
extracts of PM and WC at 25 degrees C was higher than that registered at 15 degrees C
and 35 degrees C. Available nitrogen content in the aqueous extracts of CRH, Sd, TC, and
WC at 35 degrees C was higher than at 15 degrees C and 25 degrees C. The available
phosphorus content in the aqueous extracts of organic materials at 35 degrees C was
higher than that available at 15 degrees C and 25 degrees C, with the exception of Sd. In
addition, the release of available phosphorus in the aqueous solution of organic materials
at different temperatures varied constantly for 108 h. The release of potassium (K+) and
sodium (Na+) ions in the aqueous extracts of organic materials was basically steady over
time, with the exception of CM. High temperature (35 degrees C) may significantly
hasten the release of K+ from organic substrates (except for WC) with low temperatures
significantly inhibiting release of K+ in Sd and CRH. High temperatures (35 degrees C)
might significantly facilitate the release of Na+ in CM and TC. However, no significant
differences were manifested in the release of Na+ from organic substrates at different
temperatures, with the exception of CM and TC. Moreover, no significant differences
were observed in the release of calcium, magnesium and iron ions with time, nor were
there any significant differences in the contents of iron ions in the aqueous extracts of
organic materials at different temperatures. The results indicate that multiple mediums
should be pretreated in water for a week before being used for planting. They should be
used when all mineral elements of organic materials are steady and ignoring the effect of
organic mediums. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
42.
【 篇 名 】 Regression-based approach for testing the association between multi-region
haplotype configuration and complex trait
【作者】Hu, Y. L.,Jason, S.,Wang, Q. S.,Pan, Y. C.,Zhang, X. Z.,Zhao, H. B.,Li, C. L.,Sun, L. B.
【期刊】BMC Genet.,2009, 10(【摘要】Background: It is quite common that the genetic
architecture of complex traits involves many genes and their interactions. Therefore,
dealing with multiple unlinked genomic regions simultaneously is desirable. Results: In
this paper we develop a regression-based approach to assess the interactions of haplotypes
that belong to different unlinked regions, and we use score statistics to test the null
hypothesis of non-genetic association. Additionally, multiple marker combinations at each
unlinked region are considered. The multiple tests are settled via the minP approach. The
P value of the "best" multi-region multi-marker configuration is corrected via
Monte-Carlo simulations. Through simulation studies, we assess the performance of the
proposed approach and demonstrate its validity and power in testing for haplotype
interaction association. Conclusion: Our simulations showed that, for binary trait without
covariates, our proposed methods prove to be equal and even more powerful than htr and
hapcc which are part of the FAMHAP program. Additionally, our model can be applied to
a wider variety of traits and allow adjustment for other covariates. To test the validity, our
methods are applied to analyze the association between four unlinked candidate genes and
pig meat quality.
43.
【篇名】Effective inhibition of hepatitis E virus replication in A549 cells and piglets by RNA
interference (RNAi) targeting RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
【作者】Huang, F.,Hua, X. G.,Yang, S. X.,Yuan, C. L.,Zhang, W.
【期刊】Antiviral Res.,2009, 83(3)
【摘要】RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural mechanism for suppressing or silencing expression
of aberrant or foreign genes. It is a powerful antiviral strategy that has been widely
employed to protect hosts from viral infection. Hepatitis E (HE) is an acute fulminant
hepatitis in adults that has particularly high mortality in pregnant women. At this point in
time, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment that is effective against the infectious agent,
HEV. The nonstructural polyprotein region possesses an RNA-dependent RNA
polymerase (RdRp) that is responsible for the replication of the viral RNA genome. RdRp
is therefore regarded as one of the most attractive candidates for RNA interference
(RNAi). In the present study, the high efficiency and specificity of siRNA were evaluated
by Real-Time quantitative PCR and Western blot assays. Protective effects against HEV
infection were achieved in A549 cells and in piglets. In piglets treated with a
shRNA-RdRp-1 expression plasmid prior to HEV inoculation, HEV antigens were
significantly reduced in the liver, spleen, and kidneys, and the activities of alanine
aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL)
were clearly decreased. These results suggested that RNAi is a potentially effective
antiviral strategy against HEV replication and infection. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
44.
【篇名】Experimental infection of Balb/c nude mice with Hepatitis E virus
【作者】Huang, F.,Zhang, W.,Gong, G.,Yuan, C. L.,Yan, Y. J.,Yang, S. X.,Cui, L.,Zhu, J. G.,Yang,
Z. B.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】BMC Infect. Dis.,2009, 9(【摘要】Background: Several animal species can reportedly act
as reservoirs for Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a zoonotic pathogen. HEV and antibody to the
virus have been detected in a variety of animals including rodents. Pig and rat models for
HEV have been established for HEV, but a nude mouse has not yet been developed.
Methods: Balb/c nude mice were inoculated with swine HEV, both orally and via
intravenous injection to insure infection. Negative control and experimental
contact-exposed groups of mice were also included in the study. The liver, spleen, kidney,
jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon of each mouse from all three groups were collected for
reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR) detection, indirect
immunofluorescence observation and histopathologic examination. The sera from nude
mice were tested for anti-HEV IgG by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Activities of liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate
aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as total bilirubin (TBIL)
were also measured in the sera of the nude mice. Results: HEV antigens and HEV RNA
were detected in liver, spleen, kidney, jejunum, ileum and colon both by indirect
immunofluorescence and by RT-nPCR in all of the inoculated and in one of the
contact-exposed nude mice. Histopathological changes were observed in the liver and
spleen of these mice. Infected mice showed increased levels of AST, ALP, and anti-HEV
IgG in sera. The livers of contact-exposed mice showed obvious histopathological
damage. Conclusion: Nude mice could be readily infected by HEV isolated from pigs.
The nude mouse may therefore be a useful animal model for studying the pathogenesis of
HEV.
45.
【篇名】Comparative proteomic analysis of the response in resistant and susceptible maize
inbred lines to infection by Curvularia lunata
【作者】Huang, X. L.,Liu, L. X.,Chen, J.,Zhai, Y. H.
【期刊】Prog. Nat. Sci.,2009, 19(7)
【摘要】Proteins differentially expressed from maize leaves in response to the infection by
Curvularia lunata strain CX-3 were identified through a high-resolution two-dimensional
gel electrophoresis (2-DE) method. Two inbred lines, 78599-1 and E28, were used,
respectively, as resistant and susceptible lines to CX-3 infection. Proteins were extracted
from the fourth leaves of six-or seven-leaf stage plants sampled at 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h
after inoculation with CX-3. Twenty-seven differentially expressed protein spots resolved
on the 2-DE gels were identified by MALDI-TOF MS/MS. The results showed that these
proteins are associated with photosynthesis, respiration, oxidative and drought stress
tolerance as well as signal transduction in maize. Among stress-related proteins, the 22
kDa drought-inducible protein, putative glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and translation
initiation factor (eIF-5A) were up-regulated in the resistant inbred line and were
implicated in host defense response to C. lunata infection. It suggests that
drought-inducible and oxidation stress-related proteins might directly contribute to maize
resistance to C. lunata. (C) 2009 National Natural Science Foundation of China and
Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier Limited and Science in China Press.
All rights reserved.
46.
【篇名】Proteomic comparison of four maize inbred lines with different levels of resistance
to Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boed infection
【作者】Huang, X. L.,Liu, L. X.,Zhai, Y. H.,Liu, T.,Chen, J.
【期刊】Prog. Nat. Sci.,2009, 19(3)
【摘要】Protein profiles of leaves in four maize inbred lines with different disease resistance to
pathogen Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boed were studied by two-dimensional
electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry. Proteins were extracted from the forth leaf
of maize seedlings 24 h after fungal inoculation, and fractionated by polyethylene glycol
to precipitate the most abundant leaf protein, Rubisco, before gel separation. Protein
profiles from 2-DE showed that total numbers of protein spots were increased in all four
inbred lines inoculated with C. lunata CX-3 strain compared with the control. The
numbers of changed protein spots in abundance were higher in resistant inbred lines than
in susceptible ones, which implied that resistant inbred lines were more sensitive than
susceptible ones to pathogen infection. Among proteins identified by MALDI-TOF MS,
germin-like protein GLP and translation initiation factor eIF-5A were supposed to play
important roles in maize resistance against C. lunata infection. (C) 2008 National Natural
Science Foundation of China and Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
47.
【篇名】Monophyletic origin of domestic bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) and its
evolutionary relationship with the extant wild camel (Camelus bactrianus ferus)
【作者】Ji, R.,Cui, P.,Ding, F.,Geng, J.,Gao, H.,Zhang, H.,Yu, J.,Hu, S.,Meng, H.
【期刊】Anim. Genet.,2009, 40(4)
【摘要】P>The evolutionary relationship between the domestic bactrian camel and the extant wild
two-humped camel and the factual origin of the domestic bactrian camel remain elusive.
We determined the sequence of mitochondrial cytb gene from 21 camel samples,
including 18 domestic camels (three Camelus bactrianus xinjiang, three Camelus
bactrianus sunite, three Camelus bactrianus alashan, three Camelus bactrianus red, three
Camelus bactrianus brown and three Camelus bactrianus normal) and three wild camels
(Camelus bactrianus ferus). Our phylogenetic analyses revealed that the extant wild
two-humped camel may not share a common ancestor with the domestic bactrian camel
and they are not the same subspecies at least in their maternal origins. Molecular clock
analysis based on complete mitochondrial genome sequences indicated that the
sub-speciation of the two lineages had begun in the early Pleistocene, about 0.7 million
years ago. According to the archaeological dating of the earliest known two-humped
camel domestication (5000-6000 years ago), we could conclude that the extant wild
camel is a separate lineage but not the direct progenitor of the domestic bactrian camel.
Further phylogenetic analysis suggested that the bactrian camel appeared monophyletic in
evolutionary origin and that the domestic bactrian camel could originate from a single
wild population. The data presented here show how conservation strategies should be
implemented to protect the critically endangered wild camel, as it is the last extant form
of the wild tribe Camelina.
48.
【篇名】Molecular cloning and mRNA expression profiling of the first specific jasmonate
biosynthetic pathway gene allene oxide synthase from Hyoscyamus niger
【作者】Jiang, K.,Pi, Y.,Huang, Z.,Hou, R.,Zhang, Z.,Lin, J.,Sun, X.,Tang, K.
【期刊】Russ. J. Genet.,2009, 45(4)
【摘要】In the endeavor to enhance the production of pharmaceutically valuable tropane alkaloids
including hyoscyamine and scopolamine in Hyoscyamus niger, methyl jasmonate (MeJA)
showed significant stimulation both in tropane biosynthetic pathway enzymes activities
and tropane alkaloids yields. Therefore it was speculated that genetic engineering of
jasmonate biosynthetic pathway might enhance the endogenous jasmonates concentration,
followed by stimulating the production of tropane alkaloids. Herein a full-length cDNA
encoding allene oxide synthase (AOS, EC 4.2.1.92), the first committed step enzyme in
jasmonate biosynthetic pathway was reported (named HnAOS, GenBank accession:
EF532599). HnAOS was a novel member of the cytochrome P450 (CYP74A) subfamily.
Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that HnAOS mRNA accumulated mainly in
stems, and responded significantly to wounding or methyl jasmonate.
49.
【篇名】Promotion of nicotine biosynthesis in transgenic tobacco by overexpressing allene
oxide cyclase from Hyoscyamus niger
【作者】Jiang, K. J.,Pi, Y.,Hou, R.,Jiang, L. L.,Sun, X. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Planta,2009, 229(5)
【摘要】Plant secondary metabolites are a wide variety of low-molecular weight compounds
whose productions are often enhanced in response to both biotic and abiotic stresses.
Many of the responses are mediated by a class of hormones, named as jasmonates. In
jasmonate biosynthetic pathway of plants, allene oxide cyclase (AOC, EC 5.3.99.6)
catalyzes the most crucial step. Here a heterologous AOC gene from Hyoscyamus niger L.
(black henbane), named HnAOC (GenBank accession No. AY708383), was
overexpressed in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Petit Havana to investigate the consequence on
nicotine content. This study revealed that the transcription of HnAOC in tobacco resulted
in overexpression of nicotine biosynthetic pathway genes and higher yield of nicotine,
with the maximum of 4.8-fold over control. Therefore, it indicated that without the cost of
extrinsic hormones, genetic manipulation of jasmonate biosynthetic pathway genes could
be an alternative approach in metabolic engineering for the production of valuable
secondary metabolites, which were induced by jasmonates.
50.
【 篇 名 】 Molecular cloning and expression profiling of the first specific jasmonate
biosynthetic pathway gene allene oxide synthase from Lonicera japonica
【作者】Jiang, K. J.,Pi, Y.,Hou, R.,Zeng, H. N.,Huang, Z. S.,Zhang, Z.,Sun, X. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Mol. Biol. Rep.,2009, 36(3)
【摘要】In jasmonate biosynthetic pathway, allene oxide synthase (AOS, EC 4.2.1.92), which is a
cytochrome P450 (CYP74A), catalyzes the first committed step. We herein cloned a novel
cDNA from Lonicera japonica Thunb., named LjAOS (GenBank accession: DQ303120),
which was homologous to other AOSs. Southern blot analysis revealed that it was a
multi-copy gene. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that LjAOS mRNA
accumulated most abundantly in alabastrums, in which the content of chlorogenic acid
(CA, the major important active ingredient indicator) was previously proven to be the
highest.
51.
【篇名】Abscisic acid (ABA) treatment increases artemisinin content in Artemisia annua by
enhancing the expression of genes in artemisinin biosynthetic pathway
【作者】Jing, F. Y.,Zhang, L.,Li, M. Y.,Tang, Y. L.,Wang, Y. L.,Wang, Y. Y.,Wang, Q.,Pan, Q.
F.,Wang, G. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Biologia,2009, 64(2)
【摘要】Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide derived from Artemisia annua L., is
the most effective antimalarial drug. In an effort to increase the artemisinin production,
abscisic acid (ABA) with different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 A mu M) was tested by
treating A. annua plants. As a result, the artemisinin content in ABA-treated plants was
significantly increased. Especially, artemisinin content in plants treated by 10 A mu M
ABA was 65% higher than that in the control plants, up to an average of 1.84% dry
weight. Gene expression analysis showed that in both the ABA-treated plants and cell
suspension cultures, HMGR, FPS, CYP71AV1 and CPR, the important genes in the
artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, were significantly induced. While only a slight increase
of ADS expression was observed in ABA-treated plants, no expression of ADS was
detected in cell suspension cultures. This study suggests that there is probably a crosstalk
between the ABA signaling pathway and artemisinin biosynthetic pathway and that
CYP71AV1, which was induced most significantly, may play a key regulatory role in the
artemisinin biosynthetic pathway.
52.
【篇名】Cryptochromes, Phytochromes, and COP1 Regulate Light-Controlled Stomatal
Development in Arabidopsis
【作者】Kang, C. Y.,Lian, H. L.,Wang, F. F.,Huang, J. R.,Yang, H. Q.
【期刊】Plant Cell,2009, 21(9)
【摘要】In Arabidopsis thaliana, the cryptochrome (CRY) blue light photoreceptors and the
phytochrome (phy) red/far-red light photoreceptors mediate a variety of light responses.
COP1, a RING motif-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase, acts as a key repressor of
photomorphogenesis. Production of stomata, which mediate gas and water vapor
exchange between plants and their environment, is regulated by light and involves phyB
and COP1. Here, we show that, in the loss-of-function mutants of CRY and phyB,
stomatal development is inhibited under blue and red light, respectively. In the
loss-of-function mutant of phyA, stomata are barely developed under far-red light.
Strikingly, in the loss-of-function mutant of either COP1 or YDA, a mitogen-activated
protein kinase kinase kinase, mature stomata are developed constitutively and produced in
clusters in both light and darkness. CRY, phyA, and phyB act additively to promote
stomatal development. COP1 acts genetically downstream of CRY, phyA, and phyB and
in parallel with the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein TOO MANY MOUTHS but
upstream of YDA and the three basic helix-loop-helix proteins SPEECHLESS, MUTE,
and FAMA, respectively. These findings suggest that light-controlled stomatal
development
is
likely
mediated
through
a
crosstalk
between
the
cryptochrome-phytochrome-COP1 signaling system and the mitogen-activated protein
kinase signaling pathway.
53.
【篇名】Variation in Mass-Loss Rate of Foliar Litter in Relation to Climate and Litter
Quality in Eurasian Forests: Differences among Functional Groups of Litter
【作者】Kang, H. Z.,Berg, B.,Liu, C. J.,Westman, C. J.
【期刊】Silva. Fenn.,2009, 43(4)
【摘要】With a data set of litter decomposition collected by means of literature survey, our
objectives are 1) to determine the differences in the variation in the first-year mass loss
(%) of leaf litter with regard to climate and litter quality among different functional
groups of tree species in Eurasian forests, and 2) to determine the difference in effect of
mean annual temperature (degrees C), annual precipitation (dm), as well as concentration
of nitrogen (%), and lignin (%) on first-year mass loss over a wide range in climate and
litter quality. The main results are as follows. 1) The significant differences between litter
types in the relationships between first-year mass loss and climatic factors Plus litter
quality revealed clearly different decomposition patterns over the continent. Thus,
differences were found between Coniferous and broadleaf litter, between deciduous
broadleaf and evergreen broadleaf as well as between genera and even within a genus, viz.
between deciduous and evergreen Quercus. 2) With a change in a relative unit of climate
and litter quality variables, there were clear differences in effects of mean annual
temperature, annual precipitation, and nitrogen on first-year mass loss for different
functional groups of trees. 3) We identified some broadleaf litter species that decomposed
to 100% in one year and thus did not contribute to carbon sequestration in a humus layer.
Thus, the variation in pattern of foliar litter decomposition with climate and litter quality
across functional groups in Eurasian forests showed different decomposition strategies for
litter of different groups and genera.
54.
【篇名】Quantification of temperature, CO2, and light effects on crop photosynthesis as a
basis for model-based greenhouse climate control
【作者】Korner, O.,Heuvelink, E.,Niu, Q.
【期刊】J. Horticult. Sci. Biotechnol.,2009, 84(2)
【摘要】Detailed measurements of crop photosynthesis at supra-optimal temperatures and high
CO2 levels, to validate models for use in model-based greenhouse climate control, are
still lacking. We performed CO2 gas exchange measurements to estimate gross crop
photosynthesis (P-gc) from measured net crop gas exchange in the daytime, and at night,
with temperature and CO2 conditions higher than the normal temperature range, and with
two crops of different architecture: tomato, and cut chrysanthemum. From these
measurements, P-gc was predicted at photosynthetic photon flux densities (I-PPFD) of
300, 600, 900 and 1,200 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) for different temperatures (from 20 degrees
C to 33 degrees C) and CO2 concentrations (400, 700, and 1,000 mu mol mol(-1)). From
these predictions, the optimum temperature that maximised P-gc was determined. CO2
concentration had a strong and similar effect on P-gc in both crops, and this effect
decreased with increasing CO2 level. For example, at 32 degrees C, there was a 55% or
49% increase in P-gc between 400 and 1,000 pmol mol(-1) CO2 in chrysanthemum and
tomato, respectively. A clear shift to higher optimum temperatures at elevated CO2 levels
was observed, and was different for the two crops. Chrysanthemum had a lower
temperature optimum than tomato for a maximum P-gc (e.g., at 1,000 mu mol mol(-1)
CO2 and 600 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) I-PPFD, the difference was 3.1 degrees C). Compared
to leaf photosynthesis, crop photosynthesis had a lower temperature optimum (the
difference could be several degrees C), and the shift in optimum temperature from a low
to a high CO2 level was lower for a canopy compared to a leaf. Therefore, optimising the
leaf photosynthetic rate in model-based greenhouse climate control would not result in
optimum crop photosynthesis.
55.
【篇名】Availability and mobility of heavy metal fractions related to the characteristics of
the coastal soils developed from alluvial deposits
【作者】Li, J. L.,He, M.,Han, W.,Gu, Y. F.
【期刊】Environ. Monit. Assess.,2009, 158(1-4)
【摘要】The availability of the five chemical fractions, i.e., exchangeable (F1), carbonate-bound
(F2), Fe/Mn oxide-combined (F3), organic matter-complexed (F4), residual (F5), of three
heavy metals (Cu, Zn, and Cd), has been investigated by way of a sequential extraction
technique based on the characteristics of the coastal soils developed from alluvial deposits,
in order to analyze the relationship of the formation and development of coastal soils. The
results showed that F1 and F5 of Cu, Zn, and Cd accounted dominantly for 9.11%, 2.74%,
and 20.37%, and for 39.49%, 45.18%, and 32.43% of total heavy metal contents,
respectively, indicating the order of availability and mobility: Cd > Cu > Zn. F2, F3, and
F4 of HMs also featured prominently in the behaviors of heavy metals. Random
measurement errors from both sampling and analysis were demonstrated by SAX to be
well within the control target of 20% and, therefore, of no impediment to the geochemical
interpretation of the data. Significant positive correlation was found between certain
fractions of heavy metals and some soil properties. Some negative correlation was also
found. The findings were helpful to the soil remediation, fertility adjustment, and plant
cultivation.
56.
【篇名】Analysis and assessment on heavy metal sources in the coastal soils developed from
alluvial deposits using multivariate statistical methods
【作者】Li, J. L.,He, M.,Han, W.,Gu, Y. F.
【期刊】J. Hazard. Mater.,2009, 164(2-3)
【摘要】An investigation on heavy metal sources, i.e., Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cr, and Cd in the coastal
soils of Shanghai, China, was conducted using multivariate statistical methods (principal
component analysis, clustering analysis, and correlation analysis). All the results of the
multivariate analysis showed that: (i) Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd had anthropogenic sources (e.g.,
overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, industrial and municipal discharges, animal
wastes, sewage irrigation, etc.), (ii) Zn and Cr were associated with parent materials and
therefore had natural sources (e.g,. the weathering process of parent materials and
subsequent pedogenesis due to the alluvial deposits). The effect of heavy metals in the
soils was greatly affected by soil formation, atmospheric deposition, and human activities.
These findings provided essential information on the possible sources of heavy metals,
which would contribute to the monitoring and assessment process of agricultural soils in
worldwide regions. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
57.
【篇名】Effect of the behavior and availability of heavy metals on the characteristics of the
coastal soils developed from alluvial deposits
【作者】Li, J. L.,He, M.,Sun, S. Q.,Han, W.,Zhang, Y. C.,Mao, X. H.,Gu, Y. F.
【期刊】Environ. Monit. Assess.,2009, 156(1-4)
【摘要】An investigation of the behavior and availability of heavy metals (HMs), i.e., Cu, Zn, Ni,
Pb, Cr, and Cd, based on the analysis of correlation between HMs and physical and
chemical properties of coastal soils developed from alluvial deposits in Shanghai, China,
has been conducted, in order to reveal the effect of the soil formation and development
and the unsuited human activities on the activities and mobility of HMs in agricultural
soils. The results showed that (1) the soils still meet the needs of plant growth due to the
moderate fertility with a soil texture of silty loam although the content of organic matters
is lower, (2) total heavy metal content had a increase trend from the inland area to the
coastal area, indicating the impact of alluvial deposits related to the soil formation on the
distribution of HMs; (3) a significant positive correlation was found between HMs and
some soil properties (i.e., clay content, cation exchange capacity, organic matters, total
Phosphorous content, etc.), indicating that the regulation of these properties could give
some great effect on the behavior and availability of HMs; (4) the positive correlation
among Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cd, and between Pb and Cr is very significant, suggesting the
most similar, if not the same, origins of HMs; These findings are helpful to the soil
remediation, fertility adjustment, and plant cultivation.
58.
【篇名】Apoptosis caused by Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin in Leishmania donovani during
promastigote-to-amastigote transformation stage
【作者】Li, Q. L.,Zhou, Y.,Yao, C. J.,Ma, X. P.,Wang, L. Y.,Xu, W. J.,Wang, Z. X.,Qiao, Z. D.
【期刊】Parasitol. Res.,2009, 105(6)
【摘要】The role of heat shock protein 90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA) during Leishmania
donovani promastigote-to-amastigote transformation in axenic conditions was
investigated. Promastigotes exhibited apoptotic morphologic changes after GA treatment
at a high temperature, and the effect is in a dose- and time-dependant manner. Meanwhile,
cell cycle analysis showed a significant increase at the expense of cells in the G0/G1
phase and a decrease in the S and G2/M phases after GA treatment. In addition, cellular
glutathione level was reduced and reactive oxygen species content was increased
afterwards. Pretreatment with antioxidants reduced the percentage of GA-induced cell
apoptosis. After treatment, cultures in pH 5.5 showed a lower percentage of apoptosis
than those in pH 7.4. The present study showed that GA could cause apoptosis in L.
donovani but could not cause stage differentiation in high temperature and that acidic
conditions were likely to be crucial for the transformation and survival of the parasite
within its human host.
59.
【篇名】Biodegradation and detoxification of endosulfan in aqueous medium and soil by
Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain CS5
【作者】Li, W.,Dai, Y.,Xue, B. B.,Li, Y. Y.,Peng, X.,Zhang, J. S.,Yan, Y. C.
【期刊】J. Hazard. Mater.,2009, 167(1-3)
【摘要】Achromobacter xylosoxidans CS5, capable of utilizing endosulfan as the sole carbon,
sulfur and energy source, was isolated from the activated sludge. Degradation of
endosulfan by strain CS5 was examined by HPLC. Analysis of culture pH, cells growth,
and residual endosulfan demonstrated that CS5 could degrade more than 24.8 mg/1
alpha-endosulfan and 10.5 mg/1 beta-endosulfan after 8 days in aqueous medium, with
the formation of endosulfan diol and endosulfan ether as the major metabolites. Cell-free
extract of strain CS5 was able to metabolize endosulfan rapidly, and the degradative
enzymes were constitutively expressed. inoculation of strain CS5 was found to promote
the removal of endosulfan in soil. Our results suggested that A. xylosoxidans CS5 might
degrade endosulfan by a non-oxidative pathway. In addition, detoxification of endosulfan
was evaluated using a Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 (umu-test). These
finding suggested that the metabolism of endosulfan by strain CS5 was accompanied by
significant reduction in the toxicity. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
60.
【篇名】Continuous village sewage treatment by vermifiltration and activated sludge process
【作者】Li, Y. S.,Xiao, Y. Q.,Qiu, J. P.,Dai, Y. Q.,Robin, P.
【期刊】Water Sci. Technol.,2009, 60(11)
【摘要】Rural sewage treatment is now paid more and more attention in China. Vermifiltration
technology could be one of the practical options under the review of previous studies. It
showed good removal rates of contaminants on small to pilot scales for short-term tests.
However, the impacts of season, temperature or other unknown factors are usually not
taken into account. In this study, a larger vermifilter was designed to treat the sewage on
village scale for long-term operation. Filter material composition was optimized by a half
year experimentation. The treatment effects of vermifiltration were also compared with
traditional activated sludge process for the same influent sewage. The results showed that
the designed vermifiltration system could continuously treat the sewage produced by
more than 100 inhabitants per day. COD, BOD5 and SS concentration in outflow were
rather stable despite the fluctuation of hydraulic loading rate and organic input during one
year test. It can also remove N and P to some extent. A suspending design of vermifilter
bed cause adequate oxygen content in outflow of vermifilter. The comparative test
showed that the treatment efficacy of vermifiltration was similar as activated sludge
process. Generally, this vermifiltration system has practical application value for village
sewage treatment.
61.
【篇名】Molecular Isolation of the M Gene Suggests That a Conserved-Residue Conversion
Induces the Formation of Bisexual Flowers in Cucumber Plants
【作者】Li, Z.,Huang, S. W.,Liu, S. Q.,Pan, J. S.,Zhang, Z. H.,Tao, Q. Y.,Shi, Q. X.,Jia, Z.
Q.,Zhang, W. W.,Chen, H. M.,Si, L. T.,Zhu, L. H.,Cai, R.
【期刊】Genetics,2009, 182(4)
【摘要】Sex determination in plants involves a variety of mechanisms. Here, we report the
map-based cloning and characterization of the unisexual-flower-controlling gene M. M
was identified as a previously characterized putative 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic
acid synthase gene, while the mallele that mutated at a conserved site (Gly33Cys) lost
activity in the original enzymatically active allele.
62.
【篇名】Expression and purification of Zantedeschia aethiopica agglutinin in Escherichia
coli
【作者】Lin, L.,Liu, X. F.,Hu, L. C.,Zhou, Y.,Sun, X. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Mol. Biol. Rep.,2009, 36(3)
【摘要】Recombinant Zantedeschia aethiopica agglutinin (ZAA) was expressed in Escherichia
coli
as
N-terminal
His-tagged
fusion.
After
induction
with
isopropylthio-beta-d-galactoside (IPTG), the recombinant ZAA was purified by
metal-affinity chromatography. The purified ZAA protein was applied in anti-fungal assay
and the result showed that recombinant ZAA had anti-fungal activity towards leaf mold
(Fulvia fulva), one of the most serious phytopathogenic fungi causing significant yield
loss of crops. This study suggests that ZAA could be an effective candidate in genetic
engineering of plants for the control of leaf mold.
63.
【篇名】Biomass in a Norway spruce-Scots pine forest: a comparison of estimation methods
【作者】Liu, C. J.,Westman, C. J.
【期刊】Boreal Environ. Res.,2009, 14(5)
【摘要】In order to compare different methods for estimating forest biomass, the dry mass of
needles, branches, stem and roots at tree to stand levels was investigated in a mixed
Norway spruce (Picea abies)-Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stand in southern Finland by
means of direct weighing to allometric functions. The results revealed a substantial
difference among estimations made with various methods. For instance, at the stand level,
with the above-ground. tree biomass (170.8 Mg ha(-1)) estimated using partial harvesting
methodas a baseline, tree biomass had a higher estimate (+10%) based on the dry mass of
selected understorey, medium and dominant trees as the sample trees, but a lower estimate
(-18%) by means of the allometric functions established based on the data gathered from
nearby trees. At the individual tree level, the allometric functions overestimated dry
weight of needles and branches by 20%-207% and 38%-263% for dominant pine and
understorey spruce, respectively, but underestimated the stem weight. These results imply
the utmost importance of considering the estimate error when calculating the tree biomass
in a forest stand with an indirect approach.
64.
【篇名】Entrapment Efficiency of All-trans Retinoic Acid in Surfactant Vesicles
【作者】Liu, F.,Wang, Z. W.,Gu, M. Y.,Wang, Z. N.
【期刊】J. Dispersion Sci. Technol.,2009, 30(10)
【摘要】Spontaneous vesicles of dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DCDAC) and its mixture
with sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) are observed respectively in
ethanol-water mixed solvents, which have been demonstrated by negative-staining
transmission electric microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Ethanol
can promote the vesicle formation, especially to pure DCDAC surfactant system. The
entrapment efficiency of the vesicles to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was measured by
the first order derivative spectrophotometry method. The entrapment efficiency of ATRA
reaches 22% in 0.5 ethanol volume ratio solution when the concentration of DCDAC is
2.5x10-3mol/L. In the same solvents, the entrapment efficiency could be as high as 62%
in 1:9 (molar ratio) DCDAC/AOT mixtures when the total concentration of surfactants is
3.0x10-3mol/L.
65.
【篇名】Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis E virus among pet dogs in the Jiang-Zhe area of
China
【作者】Liu, J. F.,Zhang, W.,Shen, Q.,Yang, S. X.,Huang, F.,Li, P. F.,Guo, X. F.,Yang, Z. B.,Cui,
L.,Zhu, J. G.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】Scand. J. Infect. Dis.,2009, 41(4)
【摘要】In order to investigate the prevalence of HEV infection and immunity in pet dogs in the
Jiang-Zhe area of China, we examined 192 dog serum samples collected from 11 animal
hospitals in this area for anti-HEV IgG and HEV RNA, using ELISA and RT-PCR assays,
respectively. Two dogs were injected intravenously with swine HEV to obtain anti-HEV
antibody positive serum for ELISA assay. After the ELISA assay, 26 samples showing OD
values higher than 0.20 were selected and examined by Dot-blot assay, and 88.5% (23/26)
were confirmed to be positive for anti-HEV IgG. Although our results indicated swine
HEV could experimentally induce anti-HEV IgG in the serum, we failed to detect HEV
RNA in the serum samples from either the 2 intravenously injected dogs or 192 serum
samples collected from animal hospitals. This implied that dog may not be a reservoir of
HEV in this area.
66.
【篇名】Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for the Production of Ethanol from Stalk
Juice of Sweet Sorghum by Immobilized Yeast Using Response Surface Methodology
【作者】Mei, X. Y.,Liu, R. H.,Shen, F.,Wu, H. J.
【期刊】Energy Fuels,2009, 23(1)
【摘要】Optimization of three parameters, including initial total sugar concentration, supplement
rate of (NH4)(2)SO4, and particles stuffing rate, was attempted using response surface
methodology based on a Box-Behnken design for the optimal production of ethanol by
immobilized yeast fermentation of stalk juice of Liaotian number 1 sweet sorghum
cultivar in shaking flasks. The correlation analysis of the mathematical regression model
indicated that the quadratic polynomial model could be employed to optimize ethanol
production. The optimum conditions were found to be an initial total sugar concentration
of 22.88%, supplement rate of (NH4)(2)SO4 of 0.244%, and particles stuffing rate of
25.15%. At the optimum conditions, the maximum predicted ethanol yield of 93.83% was
obtained. The ethanol yield and fermentation time of verification experiments in the
shaking flask were 92.37% and 14 h at the corresponding parameters, respectively, while
they were 93.23% and 13 h, respectively, in a 5 1, bioreactor, in which the predicted value
of ethanol yield was very close to experimental values. In addition, the fermentation time
of the stalk juice of sweet sorghum was about 3-4 times shorter with immobilized yeast
than that of conventional fermentation technology. Thus, by immobilized yeast
fermentation of the stalk juice of sweet sorghum, the Box-Behnken design was found to
be the favorable strategy investigated with respect to the optimization of fermentation
conditions for ethanol production.
67.
【篇名】Effective acid-catalyzed transesterification for biodiesel production
【作者】Miao, X. L.,Li, R. X.,Yao, H. Y.
【期刊】Energy Conv. Manag.,2009, 50(10)
【摘要】High effective acidic transesterification catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid for biodiesel
production was studied in the present research. The results showed that the oil could be
converted to biodiesel directly by one-step trifluoroacetic acid catalyze process without
extreme temperature and pressure conditions. The optimum process combination was 2.0
M catalyst concentration with 20:1 M ratio of methanol to oil at temperature of 120
degrees C. It reduced product specific gravity from an initial value of 0.965 to a value of
0.878 in about 5 h of reaction time, and the methyl ester content reached as high as 98.4%.
The present procedure represents a simple and mild method for biodiesel production in
short reaction time and with high conversion rate, which would offer potential for an
industrial process. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
68.
【篇名】A new endophytic taxane production fungus from Taxus chinensis
【作者】Miao, Z.,Wang, Y.,Yu, X.,Guo, B.,Tang, K.
【期刊】Appl. Biochem. Microbiol.,2009, 45(1)
【摘要】More than 50 kinds of endophytic fungi associated with Taxus chinensis were isolated
and examined as a potential source of the imposing anticancer drug taxol. Of these, four
isolates show ability to produce taxane when measured with the competitive inhibition
enzyme immunoassay method. The most promising clone, DA10, identified as Mucor
rouxianus sp., is the first rouxianus reported as taxol production fungus. The presence of
taxol and its important precursors, such as 10-diacetyl baccatinIII (10-DAB) and
baccatinIII, in theculture of this fungus was confirmed by reactivity with a taxane-specific
monoclonal antibody, comparative chromatographic and mass spectrometric behavior,
cytotoxity to liver carcinoma 7402, and molecular cloning of kernel fragment of
taxadiene synthase gene.
69.
【篇名】Allene Oxide Cyclase from Camptotheca acuminata Improves Tolerance Against
Low Temperature and Salt Stress in Tobacco and Bacteria
【作者】Pi, Y.,Jiang, K. J.,Cao, Y.,Wang, Q.,Huang, Z. S.,Li, L.,Hu, L. C.,Li, W.,Sun, X. F.,Tang,
K. X.
【期刊】Mol. Biotechnol.,2009, 41(2)
【摘要】Allene oxide cyclase (AOC, E 5.3.99.6) is an essential enzyme in jasmonate (JA)
biosynthetic pathway. An AOC gene (defined as CaAOC, Database Accession No.
AY863428) had been isolated from Camptotheca acuminata in previous work. Real-time
quantitative PCR analysis indicated that mRNA expression of CaAOC was induced by
salt stress (120 mM NaCl) and low temperature (4A degrees C). In order to further
investigate the role of AOC gene in the processes, CaAOC was introduced into tobacco
via Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and the transgenic lines were subjected to the
examination of tolerance against salt stress and low temperature. Under salt stress, the
chlorophyll content in transgenic tobacco was higher than that of in the wild plants. The
electrolyte leakage test revealed that transgenic tobacco plants were more resistant to low
temperature over control. Furthermore, 5'-truncated CaAOC was inserted into pET30 and
then expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21DE3 (pLysS). Interestingly, the
transformants could grow on 2YT agar containing 400 mM NaCl. Although these
mechanisms are not clear yet, this study suggested that CaAOC could not only be a
potential target gene in the engineering of plants and bacteria for improved endurance
against salt stress, but also be quite useful in enhancing plant tolerance to cold.
70.
【 篇 名 】 Partial molecular cloning, characterization, and analysis of the subcellular
localization and expression patterns of the porcine OTUB1 gene
【作者】Shan, T. L.,Tang, Z. L.,Guo, D. Z.,Yang, S. L.,Mu, Y. L.,Ma, Y. H.,Guan, W. J.,Li, K.
【期刊】Mol. Biol. Rep.,2009, 36(6)
【摘要】The product of the OTUB1 gene is a member of the OTU superfamily of predicted
cysteine proteases and inhibits cytokine gene transcription via its interaction with a
ubiquitin protease and E3 ubiquitin ligase. To further understand the functions of the
porcine OTUB1 gene, the subcellular localization of porcine OTUB1 protein was
analyzed. We first cloned a partial DNA sequence of porcine OTUB1 which contained an
816 bp ORF encoding 271 amino acids. The deduced protein product was found to
contain an OTU domain. The corresponding porcine OTUB1 protein was subsequently
demonstrated to localize predominantly in the nucleus by confocal fluorescence
microscopy. By spatial expression analysis, we further found that OTUB1 is highly
expressed in the brain, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine, small intestine, stomach,
ovary, uterus and thymus. In contrast, only low levels of this gene were evident in the
heart, dorsal muscles and leg muscle of the pig. This is the first report to show the
subcellular localization of porcine OTUB1, and our current data provides us with an
important basis for conducing further studies on the functions and regulatory mechanisms
underlying the role of OTUB1 gene in the immune system.
71.
【篇名】Effects of Temperature, pH, Agitation and Particles Stuffing Rate on Fermentation
of Sorghum Stalk Juice to Ethanol
【作者】Shen, F.,Liu, R.,Wang, T.
【期刊】Energy Sources Part A-Recovery Util. Environ. Eff.,2009, 31(8)
【摘要】The main factors, including temperature, agitation rate, pH, and particles stuffing rate,
were chosen in ethanol fermentation from stalk juice of sweet sorghum using
immobilized S. cerevisiae in shaking flasks in order to determine suitable conditions. The
results showed that a temperature of 34C, agitation rate of 150-200 r min-1, pH of 4.5,
and particles stuffing rate of 25% should be selected as the suitable condition. The results
of verification experiments at the selected condition demonstrated that the ethanol yield,
the CO2 weight loss rate, and fermentation time were 95.15%, 0.508 g h-1, and 6 h in the
shaking flasks, respectively. Meanwhile, the ethanol yield and the fermentation time were
96.72% and 10 h in the 5 L bioreactor. As a result, it could be concluded that the
determined condition was suitable and reasonable for ethanol fermentation from by
immobilized S. cerevisiae.
72.
【篇名】Research on Solid-State Ethanol Fermentation Using Dry Sweet Sorghum Stalk
Particles with Active Dry Yeast
【作者】Shen, F.,Liu, R. H.
【期刊】Energy Fuels,2009, 23(1)
【摘要】An effective method of sweet sorghum stalk storage in dry particles for 8 months was
reported in this study. Meanwhile, the experiments of solid-state fermentation (SSF) for
ethanol using dry sweet sorghum stalk particles (DSSSPs) with active dry yeast were
carried out to clarify the effects of different variables, including temperature, particle size,
yeast inoculation rate, and water content on yeast growth, CO2 and ethanol formation,
and sugar use. The results indicated that the effects of temperature and particle size on
yeast growth and ethanol yield were significant. In addition, the yeast inoculation rate and
water content were greatly related to yeast growth, even though they had less significant
effects on ethanol yield. The suitable ranges of temperature and particle size for yeast
growth were 25-30 degrees C and 1.6-2.5 mm, respectively, in which higher values of
Y-cell/sugar of 0.2681 and 0.3538 mg mg(-1) were obtained. The suitable ranges for
ethanol production were 35-40 degrees C and 0.9-1.6 mm, in which higher values of
Y-ethanol/sugar of 0.2404 and 0,2702 mg mg(-1) could be obtained. The adequate yeast
inoculation rate should be 0.250, and higher values of Y-ethanol/susugar and Y-cell/sugar
could be up to 0.2486 and 0,3017 mg mg(-1), respectively. In addition, the suitable water
content for ethanol production and yeast growth was 76.47%. With this water content, the
Yethanol/sugar and Y-cell/sugar could reach 0.2593 and 0.4211 mg mg(-1), respectively.
73.
【篇名】Kinetic study of the degradation of the insecticide pymetrozine in a vegetable-field
ecosystem
【作者】Shen, G. Q.,Hu, X.,Hu, Y. N.
【期刊】J. Hazard. Mater.,2009, 164(2-3)
【摘要】The disappearance kinetics of pymetrozine was studied in a broccoli-field ecosystem, and
an efficient method for the determination of pymetrozine in broccoli and soil was also
developed. Pymetrozine residues were extracted from samples using acetonitrile. The
extracts were cleaned up by liquid-liquid partitioning with dichloromethane, followed by
purification with ethyl acetate, and were then determined by high-performance liquid
chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detector. The average recovery was
87-93% from broccoli, and 84-90% from soil. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.)
was less than 4% in broccoli, and in soil less than 11%. These results are all within the
accepted range for residue determination. The limit of detection (LOD) of pymetrozine
calculated as a sample concentration (S/N ratio of 3) was 0.005 mg kg(-1). The minimum
detectable quantity (MDQ) was 1 x 10(-10) g. The results of the kinetics study of
pymetrozine residue showed that pymetrozine degradation in broccoli and soil coincided,
with C= 1.9826 e(-0.1965t) and C= 15.352 e(-0.4992t), respectively; the half-lives were
3.5 and 1.4 days, respectively. The final residue level was lower than the new maximum
residue limit (MRL) for pymetrozine on vegetables with a harvest interval of 23 days. A
dosage of 300g a.i. hm(-2) was suggested, which is considered to be safe for human
beings. These results contribute to establishing the scientific basis of the dosage of
pymetrozine for use in vegetable-field ecosystems. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
74.
【篇名】Molecular detection and prevalence of porcine caliciviruses in eastern China from
2008 to 2009
【作者】Shen, Q.,Zhang, W.,Yang, S. X.,Chen, Y.,Ning, H. B.,Shan, T. L.,Liu, J. F.,Yang, Z.
B.,Cui, L.,Zhu, J. G.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】Arch. Virol.,2009, 154(10)
【摘要】Caliciviruses causing diarrhea have been reported in both industrial and developing
countries, including China, in recent years. Porcine caliciviruses that are closely related to
human sapoviruses (SaVs) and noroviruses (NoVs) have also been detected in swine,
which has raised discussion about the animal reservoir and the potential risk for zoonotic
transmission to humans. The objective of this work was to determine the frequency and
age distribution of SaVs and NoVs in pigs and to characterize the strains prevalent in
eastern China. A total of 904 stool samples from pigs of different ages were collected
from eastern China from April 2008 to March 2009 and tested for both SaVs and NoVs
using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our results indicate that
8 (0.9%) stool samples were positive for SaVs and 2 (0.2%) for NoVs. Phylogenetic
analysis of partial sequences of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene
indicated that all of the SaV strains belonged to the GIII SaVs, while the two NoV strains
belonged to the GII NoV genogroup. The 8 SaV strains were further divided into two
clusters, which clustered closely with the Netherlands isolate (AY615804) and the
Chinese strain (EU599212), respectively. The two NoV strains shared about 67.3-67.6%
nucleotide homology with a human norovirus strain (DQ369797), the only NoV strain
from mainland China available in GenBank. Moreover, our results suggest that SaV
infections are more frequent in 0-1 month-old pigs than in older ones. In conclusion, the
present study provides evidence that PoSaVs and PoNoVs exist in swine in eastern China.
75.
【篇名】Characterization of a Shiga toxin 2-encoding bacteriophage Phi Min27 isolated from
Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain of China
【作者】Su, L. K.,Lu, C. P.,Xia, L. M.,Wang, Y.,Wang, J.,Sun, J. H.,Yan, Y. X.
【期刊】Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.,2009, 3(11)
【摘要】A Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) -encoding bacteriophage Phi Min27, isolated from Escherichia
coli O157:H7 strain of China, having a regular hexagonal head and short tail, was
integrated into the host wrbA gene and sequenced with a length of 63,395 nucleotides. Phi
Min27 had a high homology compared to reported Stx2 phage 933W, while three genes
(O, P and ORF31) in the replication region were homologous to genes of phage Shigella
flexneri V (SFV) of S. flexneri 5 strain 8401 isolated in China. It demonstrated that Phi
Min27 was closely related to phage 933W though they were isolated from different
geographic areas, but an obvious regionally genetic exchange had occurred in its
replication region.
76.
【篇名】Four new species of earthworms belonging to the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta:
Megascolecidae) from Diaoluo Mountain, Hainan Island, China
【作者】Sun, J.,Zhao, Q.,Qiu, J. P.
【期刊】Rev. Suisse Zool.,2009, 116(2)
【摘要】Four new species of earthworms belonging to the genus Amynthas (Oligochaeta:
Megascolecidae) from Diaoluo Mountain, Hainan Island, China. - This paper describes
four new species of earthworms from Hainan Island, China: Amynthas diaoluomontis sp.
nov., Amynthas octopapillatus sp. nov., Amynthas zhangi sp. nov. and Amynthas
lingshuiensis sp. nov. All four species have two pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6-6/7,
simple paired caeca from XXVII and some papillae in the male pore region. The four new
species are easily distinguished from other similar Amynthas species, especially those of
the provisional morrisi species-group.
77.
【篇名】Response mechanisms of antioxidants in bryophyte (Hypnum plumaeforme) under
the stress of single or combined Pb and/or Ni
【作者】Sun, S. Q.,He, M.,Cao, T.,Zhang, Y. C.,Han, W.
【期刊】Environ. Monit. Assess.,2009, 149(1-4)
【摘要】The short-term responses and mechanisms of antioxidants in moss Hypnum plumaeforme
subjected to single or combined Pb and/or Ni stress has been revealed in this study, in
order to clarify (1) the relationship between the stress intensity and antioxidant fluctuation,
(2) the difference between single and combined stress, and (3) the possibility of
biomonitoring by the application of antioxidant fluctuation under stress. The results
showed that the stress induced dose dependent formation of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) and subsequent lipid peroxidation. Total chlorophyll (Chl) content and superoxide
dismutase (SOD) activity were initiated under lower stress but were inhibited under
higher stress. Both single and combined stress decreased catalase (CAT) activity but
increased peroxidase (POD) activity, indicating POD in the moss played an important role
in resisting the oxidative stress induced by Pb and Ni. The accumulation of center dot
O-2(-) and H2O2 in H. plumaeforme was respectively related to the low activity of SOD
and the decreased activity of CAT. The study indicated that Pb and Ni had synergistic
effect in inducing the oxidative stress in moss H. plumaeforme, especially under the
combination of high concentration of Ni (0.1, 1.0 mM) and Pb. POD and CAT activity, as
well as H2O2 and MDA content, which increased or decreased regularly with a dose
dependent under Pb and Ni stress, could be used as an effective indicator in moss
biomonitoring, especially in the case of light pollution caused by heavy metals without
the changes in the appearance of mosses.
78.
【篇名】Generation and identification of DNA sequence flanking T-DNA integration site of
Trichoderma atroviride mutants with high dichlorvos-degrading capacity
【作者】Sun, W. L.,Liu, L. X.,Hu, X. L.,Tang, J.,Li, P.,Chen, J.,Chen, Y. P.
【期刊】Bioresour. Technol.,2009, 100(23)
【摘要】A protocol for efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) of
biocontrol fungus Trichoderma atroviride strain T23 was developed to construct mutants
with improved dichlorvos-degradation ability. A transformation frequency of 5 x 10(-6)
was achieved. Among 110 genetically stable T-DNA transformants of T. atroviride T23,
two transformants, AMT-12 and AMT-28, confirmed by Southern blot analysis to have
single-copy inserts of T-DNA, showed an increase in dichlorvos-degradation ability of
more than 10% compared to that of the wild type, exhibited similar tolerance to the
pesticide, but lower spore formation ability. Five transformants exhibited a reduction in
degradation of more than 70%, exhibited wild-type spore formation, and tolerated up to
800 mu g/ml. of dichlorvos. The left-flanking sequence of the insertion site in AMT-12
was cloned as a 1845-bp fragment and shown to have 89% identity to the DNA from T.
atroviride IMI 206040; however, the involvement of this DNA in dichlorvos degradation
remains still to be determined. This study can promote both a more efficient isolation of
DNA sequence flanking T-DNA integration site in T. atroviride mutants and a more
rational utilization of these transformants in dichlorvos degradation. (C) 2009 Elsevier
Ltd. All rights reserved.
79.
【篇名】ADVENTITIOUS SHOOT INDUCTION AND PLANT REGENERATION FROM
LEAF EXPLANTS OF LILIUM LONGIFLORUM THUNB
【作者】Tang, D. Q.,Wang, Y.,Xu, J. T.,Li, W. W.,Tian, G.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Propag. Ornam. Plants,2009, 9(2)
【摘要】Plant regeneration was obtained from leaf explants of Lilium longiflorum by being
cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of NAA (0.5, 1.0, 2.0
mg l(-1)) and BAP (0.1, 0.5, 2.0 mg l(-1)). The laminas showed higher bulblet
regeneration ability than petioles, with the highest percentage of responsive explants on
MS medium supplemented with 0.5 or 1.0 mg l(-1) NAA and 2.0 mg P BAT. Higher
concentration of NAA resulted in excessive root formation. Direct bulblet regeneration
was achieved on all variants of the medium studied. Bulblets and roots developed
simultaneously on medium containing 0.5 or 2.0 mg l(-1) NAA and 0.1 mg l(-1) BAP
without callus formation. Calluses appeared on BAP enriched medium, but soon
developed into shoots or bulblets. The shoots or bulblets formed roots easily on MS
medium containing 0.2 mg l(-1) NAA. Increasing the sucrose concentration from 3 9 P to
12 g l(-1) resulted in higher efficiency of bulblet enlargement.
80.
【篇名】Improved phytoremediation of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) by Trichoderma
mutant constructed by restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) in cadmium
polluted soil
【作者】Wang, B.,Liu, L. X.,Gao, Y. D.,Chen, J.
【期刊】Chemosphere,2009, 74(10)
【 摘 要 】 In this study, oilseed rape (Brassica napus) was exploited in remediation of
Cd-contaminated soil in combination of Trichoderma koningii. To improve its
phytoextracting efficiency, restriction enzyme-mediated integration was used to construct
Trichoderma mutants with higher Cd resistance. Of 200 mutants, 10 mutants were shown
with higher Cd tolerance and enhanced ability of removing Cd from growth medium. In
pot experiment, mutant P6 significantly alleviated the negative impacts of Cd on oilseed
rape growth, and improved the Cd uptake ability of oilseed rape shoot in Cd contaminated
soil (p < 0.05). Based on the dry weight, the amounts of Cd in shoots of mutant P6 treated
oilseed rape were increased by 23% and 38% per pot compared with wild type
Trichoderma treatment; 53% and 107% against non-inoculated treatment, respectively, at
20 and 50 mg Cd kg(-1) soil. The results suggested the Trichoderma mutant-oilseed rape
symbiosis system could be used in remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metal Cd.
(C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
81.
【篇名】Improved Production of the Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating
Factor in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds Using a Dual Sorting Signal
Peptide
【作者】Wang, B. A.,Jiang, Y. N.,Yao, L. M.,Wu, T. L.
【期刊】Plant Mol. Biol. Rep.,2009, 27(4)
【摘要】The human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) containing
either an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal or a phaseolin vacuolar sorting
signal peptide was expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana under the control of a tissue-specific
promoter, derived from the soybean alpha' subunit of beta-conglycinin. No significant
differences in recombinant hGM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) accumulation were detected between
transgenic plants carrying either one of the two signal peptides. Hybrid seed from crosses
between single-copy transformants tailed with the ER retention signal tetrapeptide and
single-copy transformed plants tagged with a phaseolin four carboxy-terminal residues
showed gene additive effects. The highest expression level of rhGM-CSF was 0.05% of
total soluble protein of immature siliques, indicating that the two signal peptides
functioned independently in the protein-sorting pathway. Additionally, TF-1 cell
proliferation data demonstrated that rhGM-CSF was biologically active.
82.
【篇名】Perfusion culture of Glycyrrhiza inflata suspension cells in a stir-tank bioreactor
【作者】Wang, G. R.,Qi, N. M.
【期刊】Aust. J. Bot.,2009, 57(3)
【摘要】Cell and tissue browning is a major impediment of plant culture in vitro. Glycyrrhiza
inflata Batalin cells died of lethal browning on Day 9 when cultivated in batch mode.
Perfusion culture in bioreactors has a high potential for overcoming plant browning in
vitro. In the present study, a continuous perfusion-culture system of G. inflata suspension
cells was established in a stir-tank bioreactor. The key component of the bioreactor is an
annular gravitational settling zone, through which we achieved continuous separation of
cells from the medium. We determined the cell-retention efficiency of the reactor by
varying rates of agitation, perfusion and aeration. Complete cell retention was obtained
under the following conditions: agitation 0-200 rpm, aeration 0-0.6 volume per volume
per minute (vvm) and perfusion rate 0-1.0 day(-1). These results were also in good
agreement with theoretical estimation. An orthogonal test, including three factors and
three levels, showed the optimal culture parameters were as follows: agitation rate 150
rpm, aeration rate 0.3 vvm and perfusion rate 1.0 day(-1). Under these conditions, the
perfusion-culture system in the bioreactor was operated smoothly, and the maximum cell
concentration reached 26 +/- 1 g L-1 dry weight.
83.
【 篇 名 】 Combined Effects of Cadmium and Butachlor on Microbial Activities and
Community DNA in a Paddy Soil
【作者】Wang, J. H.,Ding, H.,Lu, Y. T.,Shen, G. Q.
【期刊】Pedosphere,2009, 19(5)
【摘要】Due to frequent soil Cd contamination and wide use of butachlor in China, there is a need
to assess their combined toxicity to soil microorganisms. The combined effects of
cadmium (Cd, 10 mg kg(-1) soil) and herbicide butachlor (10, 50, and 100 mg kg(-1) soil)
on enzyme activities and microbial community structure in a paddy soil were assessed
using the traditional enzyme assays and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
analysis. The results showed that urease and phosphatase activities were significantly
reduced by high butachlor concentration (100 mg kg(-1) soil). When the concentrations of
Cd and butachlor added were at a ratio of 1:10, urease and phosphatase activities were
significantly decreased whereas enzyme activities were greatly improved at the ratio of
1:5, which indicated that the combined effects of Cd and butachlor on soil urease and
phosphatase activities depended largely on their addition concentration ratios. Random
amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis showed loss of original bands and
appearance of new bands when compared with the control soil. Random amplified
polymorphic DNA fingerprints suggested substantial differences between the control and
treated soil samples, with apparent changes in the number and size of amplified DNA
fragments. The addition of high concentration butachlor and the combined impacts of Cd
and butachlor significantly affected the diversity of the microbial community. RAPD
analysis in conjunction with other biomarkers such as soil enzyme parameters would
prove a powerful ecotoxicological tool. Further investigations should be carried out to
understand the clear link between RAPD patterns and enzyme activity.
84.
【篇名】Evolutionary selection pressure of forkhead domain and functional divergence
【作者】Wang, M. H.,Wang, Q. S.,Zhao, H. B.,Zhang, X. Z.,Pan, Y. C.
【期刊】Gene,2009, 432(1-2)
【摘要】Forkhead-box (Fox) genes encode a family of transcription factors defined by a "winged
helix" DNA-binding domain which have been identified in many metazoans, and play
important roles in diverse biological processes. Here we aimed to extend previous
evolutionary selection analysis to fungi, using available sequences from E. cuniculi (Ec),
Eremothecium gossypii (Eg), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc), etc. The phylogeny of 335
Fox protein sequences was reconstructed, revealing the existence of 26 orthologous
groups that were well supported by gene phylogeny which arose following a series of
gene duplication events. Gene conversion events may also play important roles in the
evolution of Fox genes. The nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution ratios (dN/dS)
for orthologous groups suggested that after gene duplication and/or speciation of forkhead
clusters, rapid differentiation and the negative selection have occurred, prompting the
formation of distinct Fox subclasses and new functions. SDPpred was used to produce a
set of the alignment positions (specificity determining positions) which is involved in
conferring differential functional specificity. These findings explained the functional
divergence of Fox gene family. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
85.
【篇名】FoxO gene family evolution in vertebrates
【作者】Wang, M. H.,Zhang, X. Z.,Zhao, H. B.,Wang, Q. S.,Pan, Y. C.
【期刊】BMC Evol. Biol.,2009, 9(【摘要】Background: Forkhead box, class O (FoxO) belongs to
the large family of forkhead transcription factors that are characterized by a conserved
forkhead box DNA-binding domain. To date, the FoxO group has four mammalian
members: FoxO1, FoxO3a, FoxO4 and FoxO6, which are orthologs of DAF16, an
insulin-responsive transcription factor involved in regulating longevity of worms and flies.
The degree of homology between these four members is high, especially in the forkhead
domain, which contains the DNA-binding interface. Yet, mouse FoxO knockouts have
revealed that each FoxO gene has its unique role in the physiological process. Whether
the functional divergences are primarily due to adaptive selection pressure or relaxed
selective constraint remains an open question. As such, this study aims to address the
evolutionary mode of FoxO, which may lead to the functional divergence. Results:
Sequence similarity searches have performed in genome and scaffold data to identify
homologues of FoxO in vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis was used to characterize the
family evolutionary history by identifying two duplications early in vertebrate evolution.
To determine the mode of evolution in vertebrates, we performed a rigorous statistical
analysis with FoxO gene sequences, including relative rate ratio tests, branch-specific
d(N)/d(S) ratio tests, site-specific d(N)/d(S) ratio tests, branch-site d(N)/d(S) ratio tests
and clade level amino acid conservation/variation patterns analysis. Our results suggest
that FoxO is constrained by strong purifying selection except four sites in FoxO6, which
have undergone positive Darwinian selection. The functional divergence in this family is
best explained by either relaxed purifying selection or positive selection. Conclusion: We
present a phylogeny describing the evolutionary history of the FoxO gene family and
show that the genes have evolved through duplications followed by purifying selection
except for four sites in FoxO6 fixed by positive selection lie mostly within the
non-conserved optimal PKB motif in the C-terminal part. Relaxed selection may play
important roles in the process of functional differentiation evolved through gene
duplications as well.
86.
【篇名】Silencing of PMT expression caused a surge of anatabine accumulation in tobacco
【作者】Wang, P.,Zeng, J.,Liang, Z. F.,Miao, Z. Q.,Sun, X. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Mol. Biol. Rep.,2009, 36(8)
【摘要】Drastic increase of anatabine levels was observed in tobacco plants with markedly
reduced nicotine concentrations through RNA silencing approaches. By down-regulation
of PMT through three kinds of RNA silencing approaches, the nicotine levels decreased
accordingly. In lines with slight and moderate reduction of nicotine levels, no anticipated
negative linear correlation was found between anatabine and nicotine content. In lines
with nicotine levels lower than 2.7 mg/g, drastic elevation of anatabine levels was found.
Transcriptional levels of QPRT were unaffected in tobacco lines with surged anatabine
levels. This report of an intriguing mutual relationship of nicotine and anatabine sheds
new light on mechanisms between metabolic regulations in plants, and reconfirms
complexity of metabolic networks.
87.
【篇名】Physiological adaptation and recovery of eggplant plug seedlings to low temperature
and low-intensity light during storage
【作者】Wang, R. X.,Guo, Z.,Ao, Y. S.
【期刊】J. Horticult. Sci. Biotechnol.,2009, 84(2)
【摘要】The effects of low temperature (9 degrees C) and low-intensity light (5 h photoperiod;
photosynthetic photon flux density, 24 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) on physiological changes in
eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) plug seedlings during storage, and on the recovery of
these plants after removal from storage, were investigated. Growth of the stored eggplant
plug seedlings was suppressed significantly compared to that of control plants. The
concentrations of chlorophylls a and b in treated plants (Tr) decreased by 6.2% (P > 0.05)
and 13% (P < 0.05), respectively, during storage. Chlorophyll concentrations exhibited a
decline during the first 5 d of storage, but increased slightly thereafter. Carotenoid
concentrations in Tr seedlings increased by 55% (P < 0.05) in the first 5 d of storage, then
decreased by 40% (P < 0.05) after 15 d of storage. Meanwhile, the triphenyltetrazolium
chloride (TTC) deoxidisation capacity of the roots of Tr seedlings decreased by 14%, only
57% of that in control plants, after 15 d of storage. The activities of superoxide dismutase
(SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in the leaves of Tr seedlings increased by 154% and 126%,
respectively, during the first 10 d of storage (P < 0.05). SOD activity then decreased by
12% (P < 0.05) and the activity of POD decreased by 10% (P > 0.05) during the last 5 d
of storage. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations reached a peak of 1.7 mu mol g(-1)
FW at day-15 of storage in Tr seedlings. After removal from storage and transplanting,
the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration in Tr plants showed a rapid and steady
recovery, compared to those of control plants.
88.
【篇名】Robust Bayesian mapping of quantitative trait loci using Student-t distribution for
residual
【作者】Wang, X.,Piao, Z. Z.,Wang, B. Y.,Yang, R. Q.,Luo, Z. X.
【期刊】Theor. Appl. Genet.,2009, 118(3)
【摘要】In most quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping studies, phenotypes are assumed to follow
normal distributions. Deviations from this assumption may affect the accuracy of QTL
detection, leading to detection of false positive QTL. To improve the robustness of QTL
mapping methods, we replace the normal distribution assumption for residuals in a
multiple QTL model with a Student-t distribution that is able to accommodate residual
outliers. A Robust Bayesian mapping strategy is proposed on the basis of the Bayesian
shrinkage analysis for QTL effects. The simulations show that Robust Bayesian mapping
approach can substantially increase the power of QTL detection when the normality
assumption does not hold and applying it to data already normally distributed does not
influence the result. The proposed QTL mapping method is applied to mapping QTL for
the traits associated with physics-chemical characters and quality in rice. Similarly to the
simulation study in the real data case the robust approach was able to detect additional
QTLs when compared to the traditional approach. The program to implement the method
is available on request from the first or the corresponding author.
89.
【篇名】An AFLP marker linked to turnip mosaic virus resistance gene in pak-choi
【作者】Wang, X. H.,Chen, H. Y.,Zhu, Y. Y.,Hou, R. X.
【期刊】Afr. J. Biotechnol.,2009, 8(11)
【摘要】Pak-choi is one of the most important vegetable crops in China. Turnip mosaic virus
(TuMV) is one of its main pathogen. Screening the molecular marker linked to the TuMV
resistance gene is an efficient method to improve pak-choi breeding. In this paper, a
dominant gene, TuRBCH01, has been mapped. 180 F-2 individuals were inoculated with
TuMV-C5 and tested by direct ELISA. The 3: 1 ratio of F-2 hybrids segregation proved a
single dominant allele for TuMV resistance. Amplified fragment length polymorphism
(AFLP) technique and bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method were used to study the
F-2 population. An AFLP marker (EccMctt3) linked to TuMV resistance gene with 7.8cM
map distance was identified.
90.
【篇名】Purified Recombinant Phage Lysin LySMP: An Extensive Spectrum of Lytic
Activity for Swine Streptococci
【作者】Wang, Y.,Sun, J. H.,Lu, C. P.
【期刊】Curr. Microbiol.,2009, 58(6)
【摘要】Bacteriophage lysin has attracted considerable attentions as possible antimicrobial agents
for solution of antibiotic resistance. SMP was a Streptococcus suis serotype 2
bacteriophage isolated from nasal swabs of healthy Bama minipigs. The putative SMP
bacteriophage lysin, designated LySMP, was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli
BL21, and chromatographically purified. Treated with 0.8% of beta-mercaptoethanol,
LySMP exhibited an extensive lysin spectrum than those of whole phage against bacteria
investigated. S. suis serotype 2, S. suis serotype 7 and S. suis serotype 9 strains were
recovered from diseased pigs between 1998 and 2005 in China. Fifteen of seventeen
strains of S. suis serotype 2 could be lysed, as well as S. suis serotype 7 and 9,
Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus and Staphylococcus aureus. But E. coli and
Salmonella enterica were not affected. Purified LySMP showed high degrading efficiency
against PMSF or lysozyme treated cells comparing to PBS washed cells. Optimum pH
and temperature conditions for the lysin were investigated by turbidity reduction assay.
The lysin exerted efficient lysis activity at 37 degrees C, pH 5.2. The turbidity of
bacterium investigated was observed to decrease by 1.2-68% in 30 min. Result indicated
that putative LySMP could be a candidate antimicrobial agent in controlling S. suis
infection.
91.
【篇名】Molecular cloning, expression profiling and functional analyses of a cDNA encoding
isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase from Gossypium barbadense
【作者】Wang, Y. C.,Qiu, C. X.,Zhang, F.,Guo, B. H.,Miao, Z. Q.,Sun, X. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Biosci. Rep.,2009, 29(2)
【摘要】Synopsis Gossypol, a type of plant defence sesquiterpenoid phytoalexin, is synthesized
from the MEP (2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate) and MVA (mevalonate) pathway in
the isoprenoid biosynthetic system. The key step is the isomerization of IPP (isopentenyl
diphosphate) to DMAPP (dimethylallyl diphosphate), which is catalysed by IPI (IPP
isomerase; EC 5.3.3.2). A full-length cDNA encoding IPI (designated GbIPI) was cloned
from Gossypium barbadense by RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends). The
full-length cDNA of GbIPI was 1205 bp and contained a 906 bp ORF (open reading
frame) encoding a protein of 302 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of 34.39
kDa and an isoelectric point of 6.07. Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the
GbIPI has a high level of similarity to other PIS. Southern-blot analysis revealed that
GbIPI belongs to a small gene family. Expression analysis indicated that GbIPI
expression is highest in stems, followed by leaves, and is lowest in roots, and that the
expression of GbIPI could be induced by Verticillium dahliae Kleb, MeJA (methyl
jasmonate) and SA (salicylic acid). The functional colour assay indicated that GbIPI could
accelerate the accumulation of beta-carotene in Escherichia coli transformants. The
cloning and functional analysis of GbIPI will be useful in increasing understanding of the
role of IPI in isoprenoid biosynthesis at the molecular level.
92.
【篇名】Quality Evaluation of Petasites tricholobus through Simultaneous Determination of
Four Bioactive Bakkenolides by LC
【作者】Wang, Y. L.,Guo, M. L.,Wang, Y.
【期刊】Chromatographia,2009, 70(9-10)
【摘要】A liquid chromatographic method was developed to evaluate the quality of Petasites
tricholobus through a simultaneous determination of four major active bakkenolides. The
wavelengths at 265 and 235 nm were chosen to determine four bakkenolides:
bakkenolide-B, bakkenolide-D, bakkenolide-IIIa and bakkenolide-IVa. The recovery of
the method was in the range of 98.6 to 103.1%, and all the bakkenolides showed good
linearity (r (2) > 0.999) within test ranges. The developed method was applied to the
determination of four bakkenolides in the collected herb samples. The results showed that
the content of bakkenolides in rhizome was higher than in other parts of the plant and the
older the rhizome, the higher was the bakkenolide content. This simple, rapid, low-cost
and reliable LC-VWD method is suitable for routine quantitative analysis and quality
control of petasites species plants.
93.
【篇名】Bakkenolides from Petasites tricholobus and Their Neuroprotective Effects Related
to Antioxidant Activities
【作者】Wang, Y. L.,Li, R. P.,Guo, M. L.,Zhang, G.,Zhang, N.,Ma, Y. L.
【期刊】Planta Med.,2009, 75(3)
【摘要】Four novel bakkenolides - bakkenolide-Ia (1), bakkenolide-IIa (2), bakkenolide-IIIa (3)
and bakkenolide-IVa (4) - were isolated from the extract of the rhizome of Petasites
tricholobus. The structures were characterized by using NMR (H-1, C-13, H-1-H-1 COSY,
HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) and mass spectrometry. The neuroprotective activity of the
compounds 1-4 was assayed with primary cultured neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose
deprivation and oxidative insults. Antioxidant activity of the bakkenolides was evaluated
by cell-free bioassays. The in vitro assay results showed that all these compounds
exhibited significant neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. To our knowledge, this is
the first report on the neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of bakkenolides.
94.
【篇名】Analysis of putative recombination hot sites in the S gene of canine coronaviruses
【作者】Wang, Y. Y.,Lu, C. P.
【期刊】Acta Virol.,2009, 53(2)
【摘要】The S gene sequence of Canine corona virus strain 1-71 (CCoV 1-71) was cloned,
sequenced, and compared to those of other CCoVs, Transmissible gastroenteritis virus
(TGEV), and Feline coronavirus (FCov). The sequence analysis showed that CCoV 1-71
displayed a 98.8-99.8% identity with CCoVs strains V1, K378, and GP. Four putative
recombination sites were found at the 5'-end of the S gene, namely at nt 53, 75, 425, 991.
Both sequences flanking each site were significantly different. Three recombination hot
regions were found on the S gene, namely at nt 337-437, 1545-3405, and 4203-4356,
which shared a common recombination signal with Group 2 coronaviruses. The
G/CTAAAA/GT sequence downstream of the recombination site may represent a specific
recombination signal in CCoVs. The CCoV 1-71 S protein sequence was found to be
similar to those of other CCoVs except for several N-glycosylation sites at the N-terminus
of the S protein, which could be related to the differences in virulence and tropism was
mostly acquired by the homologous RNA recombination and not only by simple mutation
and selection.
95.
【篇名】Proteomics Analysis of Lactobacillus casei Zhang, a New Probiotic Bacterium
Isolated from Traditional Home-made Koumiss in Inner Mongolia of China
【作者】Wu, R.,Wang, W. W.,Yu, D. L.,Zhang, W. Y.,Li, Y.,Sun, Z. H.,Wu, J. R.,Meng, H.,Zhang,
H. P.
【期刊】Mol. Cell. Proteomics,2009, 8(10)
【摘要】Lactobacillus casei Zhang, isolated from traditional home-made koumiss in Inner
Mongolia of China, was considered as a new probiotic bacterium by probiotic selection
tests. We carried out a proteomics study to identify and characterize proteins expressed by
L. casei Zhang in the exponential phase and stationary phase. Cytosolic proteins of the
strain cultivated in de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe broth were resolved by two-dimensional
gel electrophoresis using pH 4-7 linear gradients. The number of protein spots quantified
from the gels was 487 +/- 21 (exponential phase) and 494 +/- 13 (stationary phase) among
which a total of 131 spots were identified by MALDI-TOF/MS and/or MALDI-TOF/TOF
according to significant growth phase-related differences or high expression intensity
proteins. Accompanied by the cluster of orthologous groups (COG), codon adaptation
index (CAI), and GRAVY value analysis, the study provided a very first insight into the
profile of protein expression as a reference map of L. casei. Forty-seven spots were also
found in the study that showed statistically significant differences between exponential
phase and stationary phase. Thirty-three of the spots increased at least 2.5-fold in the
stationary phase in comparison with the exponential phase, including 19 protein spots (e.g.
Hsp20, DnaK, GroEL, LuxS, pyruvate kinase, and GalU) whose intensity up-shifted
above 3.0-fold. Transcriptional profiles were conducted to confirm several important
differentially expressed proteins by using real time quantitative PCR. The analysis
suggests that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly categorized as stress
response proteins and key components of central and intermediary metabolism, indicating
that these proteins might play a potential important role for the adaptation to the
surroundings, especially the accumulation of lactic acid in the course of growth, and the
physiological processes in bacteria cell. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 8: 2321-2338,
2009.
96.
【篇名】Molecular Characterization, Mapping, and Haplotype Analysis of Porcine Matrix
Metalloproteinase Genes MMP1 and MMP10
【作者】Wu, X.,Pan, Y. C.
【期刊】Biochem. Genet.,2009, 47(11-12)
【 摘 要】 Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of enzymes that cleave protein
components of the extracellular matrix, such as collagens, laminin, fibronectin, and
proteoglycans, playing a role in degradation of the matrix of the uterus and in embryo
implantation. We report the identification of two members of the MMP gene family in
swine. The porcine MMP1 and MMP10 genes comprise 10 exons and 9 introns spanning
approximately 8,460 and 7,030 bp. Of 28 potential single nucleotide polymorphisms
found in the genomic region, five polymorphic positions were analyzed using PCR-RFLP.
Allelic frequencies and haplotypes were analyzed in five pig breeds (n = 280). The AC
haplotype of MMP1 and ATG haplotype of MMP10 were not detected in two foreign pig
breeds. Association analysis in a French Large White population (n = 164, total four traits)
showed no association between haplotypes and reproduction performance. In addition,
porcine MMP1 and MMP10 were mapped on SSC9p(13) and SSC2q(21), respectively, in
agreement with comparative mapping data.
97.
【篇名】Radiation hybrid mapping of six porcine genes of the matrix metalloproteinase
family
【作者】Wu, X.,Pan, Y. C.
【期刊】Anim. Genet.,2009, 40(3)
【摘要】
98.
【篇名】Effects of Root Restriction on Ultrastructure of Phloem Tissues in Grape Berry
【作者】Xie, Z. S.,Forney, C. F.,Xu, W. P.,Wang, S. P.
【期刊】Hortscience,2009, 44(5)
【摘要】In this study, the ultrastructure of phloem and its surrounding parenchyma cells in the
developing grape berry produced under root restriction or without (control) was for the
first time systematically investigated through transmission electron microscopy during the
entire developmental process of the berry. The results showed that root restriction
increased the number of plasmodesmata between sieve elements (SE) and companion
cells (CC) and between the SE/CC complex and phloem parenchyma cells. Sieve
elements in fruit produced under root restriction were smaller in size than those from the
control treatment, but CC were bigger than in the control treatment. During the first rapid
growth phase of the grape berry, there was denser cytoplasm in the CC produced under
root restriction having more abundant mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum,
multivesicular bodies, vesicles, and plastids than in control fruit. During the second rapid
growth phase of the grape berry, CC under root restriction showed more serious
plasmolysis. Cytoplasmic contents such as vesicles were fused into the vacuole of which
the tonoplast nearly disappeared in the phloem parenchyma cells, and cytoplasmic
contents in fruit cells produced under root restriction became denser than the control
treatment. These results demonstrated that grape berry adapted to the root restriction
stress through ultrastructure variation of the phloem, and this variation explained the
increase of photosynthate accumulation in the grape berry observed under root restriction.
99.
【篇名】Changes in sugar content and relative enzyme activity in grape berry in response to
root restriction
【作者】Xie, Z. S.,Li, B.,Forney, C. F.,Xu, W. P.,Wang, S. P.
【期刊】Sci. Hortic.,2009, 123(1)
【摘要】Root restriction often depresses photosynthetic capacity and reduces shoot growth, but
the photosynthate accumulation in fruit under restriction is higher than in control fruit.
However, changes in metabolism responsible for these differences are unclear. To identify
the metabolic mechanism by which root restriction affects sugar accumulation in fruit of
'Kyoho' grape (Vitis vinifera x V. labruscana). sugar metabolism and related enzyme
activities in grape berries produced with and without root restriction were compared.
Total sugar content of fruit produced under root restriction was higher than that of control
fruit. Acid invertase (AI, EC 3.2.1.26) activity, which increases with berry development,
was significantly higher in root-restricted berries than in control berries. Neutral invertase
(NI, EC 3.2.1.26) activity showed a similar trend to AI, but the amount of NI activity was
lower than AI in both treatments. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14) and
sucrose synthase (SS, EC 2.4.1.13) activity changed slightly with berry development, and
there was no significant difference in SS and SPS activity between root restriction and
control treatments. Therefore, AI appears to be the key enzyme induced by root restriction
that explains the higher sugar content found in grape berry produced under root restriction.
(C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
100.
【篇名】Three new flavonol triglycosides from Derris trifoliata
【作者】Xu, L. R.,Zhou, P.,Zhi, Y. E.,Wu, J.,Zhang, S.
【期刊】J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res.,2009, 11(1)
【 摘 要 】 Three new flavonol triglycosides, kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 ->
6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1
->
3)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
(1),
quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1
->
6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1
->
3)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
(2),
quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1
->
6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), together with the two
known
flavonol
glycosides,
kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1
->
6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside
and
kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1
->
6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, were isolated from the aerial
parts of Derris trifoliata. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical and
spectroscopic analyses.
101.
【篇名】The effects of drying following heat shock exposure of the desert moss Syntrichia
caninervis
【作者】Xu, S. J.,Liu, C. J.,Jiang, P. A.,Cai, W. M.,Wang, Y.
【期刊】Sci. Total Environ.,2009, 407(7)
【摘要】Desert mosses are components of biological soil crusts (BSCs) and their ecological
functions make assessment and protection of these mosses a high-ranking management
priority in desert regions. Drying is thought to be useful for desert mosses surviving heat
shock. In this study, we investigated the role of drying by monitoring the responses of
physiological characters and asexual reproduction in the typical desert moss Syntrichia
caninervis. Heat significantly decreased chlorophyll content and weakened rapid recovery
of photochemical activity, and increased carotenoid content and membrane permeability.
Lethal temperatures significantly destroyed shoot regeneration potential. In comparison
with heat alone, drying significantly increased protonema emergence time and depressed
protonema emergence area. Drying combined with heat accelerated water loss, followed
by a decrease of photosynthetic activity. Drying had different influences on membrane
permeability at different temperatures. When moss leaves were subjected to a combined
stress of drying and heat shock, photosynthesis was maintained mainly due to the effects
of drying on physiological activity although the cellular morphological integrity was
affected. Drying caused opposing effects on moss physiological and reproductive
characteristics. On the one hand, drying caused a positive synergistic effect with heat
shock when the temperature was below 40 degrees C. On the other hand, drying showed
antagonism with heat shock when the moss was subjected to temperatures higher than 40
degrees C. These findings may help in understanding the survival mechanism of dessert
mosses under heat shock stress which will be helpful for the artificial reconstruction of
BSCs. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
102.
【篇名】Bayesian robust analysis for genetic architecture of quantitative traits
【作者】Yang, R. Q.,Wang, X.,Li, J.,Deng, H. W.
【期刊】Bioinformatics,2009, 25(8)
【摘要】Motivation: In most quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping studies, phenotypes are
assumed to follow normal distributions. Deviations from this assumption may affect the
accuracy of QTL detection and lead to detection of spurious QTLs. To improve the
robustness of QTL mapping methods, we replaced the normal distribution for residuals in
multiple interacting QTL models with the normal/independent distributions that are a
class of symmetric and long-tailed distributions and are able to accommodate residual
outliers. Subsequently, we developed a Bayesian robust analysis strategy for dissecting
genetic architecture of quantitative traits and for mapping genome-wide interacting QTLs
in line crosses. Results: Through computer simulations, we showed that our strategy had a
similar power for QTL detection compared with traditional methods assuming
normal-distributed traits, but had a substantially increased power for non-normal
phenotypes. When this strategy was applied to a group of traits associated with
physical/chemical characteristics and quality in rice, more main and epistatic QTLs were
detected than traditional Bayesian model analyses under the normal assumption.
103.
【篇名】Aichi Virus Strains in Children with Gastroenteritis, China
【作者】Yang, S. X.,Zhang, W.,Shen, Q.,Yang, Z. B.,Zhu, J. G.,Cui, L.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】Emerg. Infect. Dis,2009, 15(10)
【摘要】
104.
【篇名】Signal sequence analysis of protein sequences from the filarial nematode parasite
Brugia malayi and the evolution of secreted proteins in parasites
【作者】Ying, X. J.,Chen, X. B.,Wang, Y. N.,Fang, W. Z.,Luo, D. M.
【期刊】Parasitol. Res.,2009, 104(6)
【摘要】Taking a genomic approach to characterize potential secreted products, we analyzed
putative protein sequences from Brugia malayi whole-genome shotgun sequencing
project. SignalP analysis was applied to predict protein sequences and to identify potential
signal peptides and anchors. We randomly analyzed 552 sequences, of which 88 (15.9%)
bear predicted signal sequence coding regions. Through comparisons of sequences with
homologs from other species, we found that although some of the sequences with signal
sequences have no homologs with others, there are almost the same amounts of the
sequences with signals which are highly conserved. Considering the distribution of
secretory proteins of B. malayi in three categories has not made big differences, and most
of the homologues of free-living nematodes of these secretory proteins also contained
either N-signal signal peptides or signal anchors; we speculated that secretory proteins
may be in the same evolutional status as the non-secretory proteins.
105.
【篇名】Mesoscopic Simulation on Phase Behavior of Sodium Polyoxyethylene Fatty Alcohol
Sulfate in Aqueous Solution
【作者】You, H.,Zhao, B.,Wang, Z. W.
【期刊】Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin.,2009, 25(1)
【摘要】MesoDyn density functional simulation method was used to study differences between
the aggregation behavior and the synergistic effect of sodium polyoxyethylene fatty
alcohol sulfate (AES) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The ingredient concentration
dependence of the AES/benzene system morphology at the mesoscopic level was also
investigated. The oil elimination mechanism of AES/benzene and AES/n-octanol in
micelles at 30%/5% (phi) concentrations were analyzed by density slices. AES and SDS
were found to have different critical micelle concentrations and accumulation numbers
because of their different molecular structures but their cooperative effect was very strong
in this system. Besides the hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions, the
hydrophilic group also played an important role in the formation of micelles. Oil
solubilization for AES/benzene and AES/n-octanol was different because of the oil's
structural distinction.
106.
【篇名】Prevalence of Mycoplasma suis (Eperythrozoon suis) infection in swine and
swine-farm workers in Shanghai, China
【作者】Yuan, C. L.,Liang, A. B.,Yao, C. B.,Yang, Z. B.,Zhu, J. G.,Cui, L.,Yu, F.,Zhu, N. Y.,Yang,
X. W.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】Am. J. Vet. Res.,2009, 70(7)
【 摘 要 】 Objective-To determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma suis infection in swine,
swine-farm workers, and swine veterinarians in Shanghai, China. Sample Population-172
swine and 65 workers and veterinarians from 19 commercial swine farms.
Procedures-Blood samples were collected from all study subjects. Blood samples were
examined for the presence of M suis by means of compound and scanning electron
microscopy. A species-specific PCR assay was developed for detection of M suis DNA
extracted from blood samples. Relationships between infection status of swine and sex,
age, geographic location, and clinical signs of disease were evaluated by use of a chi(2)
test. The phylogenetic relationship between partial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
sequences from swine and human isolates of M suis was determined. Results-86%
(148/172) of swine and 49% (32/65) of humans had positive PCR assay results for M suis
infection. Swine infection status was not associated with any variable, with the exception
of pyrexia and subcutaneous bleeding. The partial 16S rRNA sequences from human and
swine isolates of M suis were 98% homologous and in the same phylogenetic cluster as a
previously identified swine isolate of M suis. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-A large
proportion of swine and humans in close contact with those swine were infected with M
suis in Shanghai, China. The close phylogenetic relationship between swine and human
isolates of M suis suggested possible interspecies transmission; however, additional
research is required to better assess that possibility. (Am J Vet Res 2009;70:890-894)
107.
【篇名】The 1.8 kb DNA fragment formerly confirmed as Mycoplasma suis (M. suis) specific
was originated from the porcine genome
【作者】Yuan, C. L.,Yang, Z. B.,Zhu, N. Y.,Yao, C. B.,Yang, X. W.,Zhu, J. G.,Cui, L.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】Vet. Microbiol.,2009, 138(1-2)
【摘要】
108.
【 篇 名】 Bayesian mapping QTL for fruit and growth phenological traits in Lablab
purpureus (L.) Sweet
【作者】Yuan, J.,Yang, R. Q.,Wu, T. L.
【期刊】Afr. J. Biotechnol.,2009, 8(2)
【摘要】In order to map the QTLs for the agronomic traits in Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet, we
designed an F-2 population derived from lablab accession ('Meidou2012' and 'Nanhui23')
for construction of genetic linkage map and repeatedly measured three fruit traits (pod
length, pod diameter and pod fresh thickness) and three growth phenological traits
(flowering time, podding time and harvest maturity period) in F-2 population and F-3
lines from two planting years. Bayesian model selection was used to analyze main effect
QTL, epistatic QTL and QTL by environment interactions (QEs) as well. 41 main effect
QTLs (19 for fruit traits and 22 for growth phenological traits) were identified on 11
linkage groups with small phenotypic variances. Thirty nine pairs epistatic QTLs (19 for
fruit traits and 20 for growth phenological traits) were also found which accounted for
large proportions of phenotypic variations. And 11 QEs (8 for fruit traits and 3 for growth
phenological traits) were detected only in F-3 lines. Six QTLs and one QEs were found to
be pleiotropy. Pod length, pod diameter, pod fresh thickness, flowering time, podding
time and harvest maturity period each had stable QTLs, which could be useful for
breeding purposes and scientific reasoning.
109.
【 篇 名 】 Differential expression of the genes involved in amino acids and nitrogen
metabolisms during liver regeneration of mice
【作者】Yuan, Y. S.,Wu, X. Y.,Ou, Q. X.,Gao, J.,Tennant, B. C.,Han, W.,Yu, Y.
【期刊】Hepatol. Res.,2009, 39(3)
【摘要】Liver regeneration is a highly coordinated response to hepatic injury or resection that is
controlled by the body's overall requirement for liver function. The level of circulating
amino acids in blood increases after acute liver injury and administration of amino acid
mixtures induces hepatic DNA replication. These findings suggest a close connection
between amino acid metabolism and hepatic proliferation. However, the underlying
molecular mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. Here, we applied a cDNA
micro-array technique to analyze expression profiles of the genes associated with nitrogen
and amino acid metabolism during liver regeneration in mice following treatment with
CCl4. Seventy-nine genes were identified for their significantly altered expression
patterns at different stages of liver damage and regeneration. We observed that the
numbers of down-regulated genes were remarkably higher than that of up-regulated genes
at 1.5 days following carbon tetrachloride administration when hepatic DNA replication
was most active, indicating the existence of a counter balance between cell proliferation
and liver metabolism functions. Our results suggest that suppression of amino acids
metabolism after acute liver injury results in the accumulation of amino acids in plasma
that serves as a driving force for liver regeneration.
110.
【篇名】Algorithm based on marker-controlled watershed transform for overlapping plant
fruit segmentation
【作者】Zeng, Q. B.,Miao, Y. B.,Liu, C. L.,Wang, S. P.
【期刊】Opt. Eng.,2009, 48(2)
【摘要】Overlapping is a major problem for machine vision applications in agriculture. We
present a robust marker-controlled watershed transform algorithm to automatically
perform the accurate segmentation of overlapping plant fruits. The marker-controlled
watershed algorithm mainly involves image preprocessing, marker extraction, and
watershed transform. Marker extraction is the most important and difficult step of the
whole process. Using K-means clustering, cut point decision making, spline interpolating,
and morphological processing, markers can be detected automatically. Due to the good
localization performance of detected markers, the accurate contour of separated fruits can
be extracted by the watershed transform based on detected markers. The face validity of
the segmentation algorithm is tested with a set of grape images, and segmentation results
are overlaid onto original images for visual inspection. The algorithm is further evaluated
by comparing segmentation results with a "gold standard" established by professional
agronomists. Quantitative comparison shows that the segmentation algorithm can obtain
very good spatial segmentation results. (c) 2009 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation
Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3076212]
111.
【篇名】Gibberellins and N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N '-phenylurea improve retention force and
reduce water core in pre-mature fruit of Japanese pear cv. Housui
【作者】Zhang, C. X.,Tanabe, K.,Lee, U.,Kang, S.,Tokunaga, T.
【期刊】Plant Growth Regul.,2009, 58(1)
【摘要】A study of the effect of a gibberellin A(3) + A(4) mixture (GAs) on pre-harvest fruit drop
of Japanese pear cv. Housui is reported. The GAs was applied alone or in combination
with N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea (CPPU) in a lanolin paste to the abscission
zone at the spur-end of the pedicel. The results showed that the GAs and CPPU
combination treatment increased the pedicel-spur retention force relative to that of the
untreated controls. Histological studies showed an accelerated rate of cambium division
and the development of secondary xylem in the abscission zone near the spur-end of
pedicels treated with the GAs plus CPPU paste, which delayed the formation of the
abscission zone. Fruit quality (sugar, acid, firmness, color) was not adversely affected by
the application of GAs plus CPPU, although the application of GAs alone promoted
ripening. In contrast, the addition of CPPU to the two GAs delayed fruit ripening, which
was measured as ethylene efflux. All treatments were without adverse effects on return
bloom, measured as bud size. The CPPU plus GAs treatment also suppressed the
incidence of water core, whereas the application of the GAs alone accelerated water core
in this water core susceptible pear variety.
112.
【篇名】Initiation time of post-ischemic hypothermia on the therapeutic effect in cerebral
ischemic injury
【作者】Zhang, H.,Zhou, M.,Zhang, J. J.,Mei, Y. W.,Sun, S. G.,Tong, E.
【期刊】Neurol. Res.,2009, 31(4)
【摘要】Objective: To study the efficacy of mild brain hypothermia beginning at different time
intervals on cerebral ischemic injury. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided
into sham-operated group, normothermia (37-38 degrees C) and mild hypothermia (31-32
degrees C) ischemia groups. The last group was subdivided into four groups: 240 minute
hypothermia, 30 minute normothermia plus 210 minute hypothermia, 60 minute
normothermia plus 180 minute hypothermia, and 90 minute normothermia plus 150
minute hypothermia (n=8). Global cerebral ischemia was established using the Pulsinelli
four-vessel occlusion model for 20 minutes and mild hypothermia was applied after 20
minutes of ischemia. Brain tissue was collected following 20 minute cerebral ischemia
and 240 minute reperfusion, and used to measure the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA),
lactate, water content and the amounts of electrolytes, such as sodium (Na+), potassium
(K+) and calcium (Ca++). Results: Mild hypothermia beginning at 0-60 minutes
decreased the levels of malondialdehyde and lactate (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), decreased
water content, Na+ and Ca++, and increased the amount of K+ (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in
ischemic tissue, except the amounts of Na+, K+ and Ca++ in mild hypothermia beginning
at 60 minute ischemia group (p > 0.05). Mild hypothermia beginning at 90 minutes had
little effect on the levels of targeted molecules, water content and amounts of electrolytes
of Na+, K+ and Ca++ in ischemic tissue (p > 0.05). Discussion: Post-ischemic mild brain
hypothermia can decrease the accumulation of lactate and lipid peroxidation in ischemic
tissue, and delay the development of brain edema following ischemic reperfusion. The
best neuroprotection of mild hypothermia to attenuate ischemic injury was begun within
60 minutes. [Neurol Res 2009; 31: 336-339]
113.
【 篇 名 】 Optimization of reaction conditions for resistant Canna edulis Ker starch
phosphorylation and its structural characterization
【作者】Zhang, J.,Wang, Z. W.
【期刊】Ind. Crop. Prod.,2009, 30(1)
【摘要】Response surface methodology was employed to study phosphorous (P) and resistant
starch (RS) content of resistant Canna edulis Ker starch phosphate monoester by starch
phosphorylation with sodium mono- and dihydrogen orthophosphate. A
five-level-four-factor central composite design was used for maximizing the P and RS
content. The optimal reaction conditions obtained were NaH2PO4 center dot 2H(2)O to
Na2HPO4 center dot 12H(2)O molar ratio of 1:0.44, phosphate sodium to starch weight
ratio of 1.76:1, reaction temperature of 131.6 degrees C and reaction time of 2.43 h. The
theoretical P and RS content were attained to about 0.58 and 73.17%, respectively. P and
RS content experimentally obtained were 0.55 and 71.93%, in agreement with the
predicted values. In addition, the structural characteristic of the purified starch phosphate
monoester was investigated by P-31-nuclear magnetic resonance (P-31-NMR), fourier
transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM). Crown Copyright (c) 2009 Published by Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
114.
【篇名】Effect of microwave heat/moisture treatment on physicochemical properties of
Canna edulis Ker starch
【作者】Zhang, J.,Wang, Z. W.,Shi, X. M.
【期刊】J. Sci. Food Agric.,2009, 89(4)
【摘要】BACKGROUND: Microwave heat/moisture treatment (MWT) is being used increasingly
in food processing, but very little research has been carried out on its effect on tuber
starches. In this study, Canna edulis Ker tuber starch was subjected to MWT with
moisture contents ranging from 20 to 45% (w/w), and the effects of MWT on the
physicochemical properties of the starch, including the extent of amylose leaching,
enzymatic digestibility, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry
(DSC) characteristics, were determined. RESULTS: In the process of MWT, temperature
exhibited a positive correlation with microwave power and moisture content. When
amylose leaching was used as an index, a moisture content of 40%, a treatment time of 15
min and a microwave power of 800 W were found to be the optimal conditions for MWT
of C. edulis starch. The enzymatic digestibility changed under different treatment
conditions. Furthermore, XRD measurements revealed a change in crystalline structure
from type B to type A and an increased degree of crystallinity. Thermal (DSC) studies
showed higher values of T-o, T-p and T-c of endothermic peaks, and exothermic peaks
were also observed. CONCLUSION: MWT increased the degree of crystallinity, resulting
in more resistant fractions in C. edulis starch, which will be beneficial to human health.
(C) 2009 Society of Chemical industry
115.
【篇名】Development of transgenic Artemisia annua (Chinese wormwood) plants with an
enhanced content of artemisinin, an effective anti-malarial drug, by
hairpin-RNA-mediated gene silencing
【作者】Zhang, L.,Jing, F. Y.,Li, F. P.,Li, M. Y.,Wang, Y. L.,Wang, G. F.,Sun, X. F.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem.,2009, 52(【摘要】Artemisinin is an effective anti-malarial
drug isolated from Artemisia annua L. (Chinese wormwood), but the content of
artemisinin in A. annua is low. In the present study we explored the possibility of using
genetic engineering to increase the artemisinin content of A. annua by suppressing the
expression of SQS (squalene synthase), a key enzyme of sterol pathway (a pathway
competitive with that of artemisinin biosynthesis) by means of a hairpin-RNA-mediated
RNAi (RNA interference) technique. A total of 23 independent transgenic A. annua plants
were obtained through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, which was
confirmed by PCR and Southern-blot analyses. HPLC-evaporative light-scattering
detection analysis showed that the artemisinin content of some transgenic plants was
significantly increased, with the highest values reaching 31.4 mg/g dry weight, which is
about 3.14-fold the content observed in untransformed control plants. Real-time reverse
transcription-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of SQS was suppressed
significantly, and GC-MS analysis showed that sterol was efficiently decreased in the
transgenic plants. The present study demonstrated that genetic-engineering strategy of
RNAi Is an effective means of increasing artemisinin content in plants.
116.
【篇名】Mesoscopic Simulation Study on the Aggregation Behavior between Lauryl Alcohol
Polyoxyethylene and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
【作者】Zhang, S. X.,You, H.,Zhao, B.,Wang, Z. W.
【期刊】Acta Chim. Sin.,2009, 67(6)
【摘要】MesoDyn density functional simulation method was used to study the interactions
between lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene (C12E10) and sodium Lauryl sulfate (SDS). The
micro dynamic process of aggregate formation and the aggregate morphology were
reported. The effect of shear to original phase was studied by simulating with varied shear
rate. Intuitively demonstrate the gathering way for 20% C12E10/20% SDS system by
two-dimensional slices analysis. On this basis, using benzene and octanol as oil, the oil
elimination mechanism of 20% C12E10/20% SDS for these two representations were
compared. Simulation results showed that a strong synergetic effect was between
non-ionic surfactant C12E10 and anion surfactant SDS, as the accumulation behavior
occurred when the respective concentration was very low. Different phases could be
obtained at various shear rates for the same concentration, which to a certain extent
explained the difference between the experiment and simulation. And it was found that
the oil solubilization for the definite system was different because of the oil different
structures. In a word, obtained results helped to enhance understanding of the synergistic
interaction and can provided certain theory instructions for the duplicated system
effective application.
117.
【篇名】Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Central China Reveals No Evidence of Cross-Species
Transmission between Human and Swine in This Area
【作者】Zhang, W.,Yang, S. X.,Ren, L. P.,Shen, Q.,Cui, L.,Fan, K. Z.,Huang, F.,Kang, Y. J.,Shan,
T. L.,Wei, J. Z.,Xiu, H. F.,Lou, Y. F.,Liu, J. F.,Yang, Z. B.,Zhu, J. G.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】PLoS One,2009, 4(12)
【摘要】Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animal were
reported as reservoirs. Swine stands out as the major reservoir for HEV infection in
humans, as suggested by the close genetic relationship of swine and human virus. Since
2000, Genotype 4 HEV has become the dominant cause of hepatitis E disease in China.
Recent reports showed that genotype 4 HEV is freely transmitted between humans and
swine in eastern and southern China. However, the infection status of HEV in human and
swine populations in central China is still unclear. This study was conducted in a rural
area of central China, where there are many commercial swine farms. A total of 1476
serum and 554 fecal specimens were collected from the general human and swine
populations in this area, respectively. The seroepidemiological study was conducted by
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Conserved genomic sequences of open reading
frame 2 were detected using reverse transcription-PCR. The results indicated that the
overall viral burden of the general human subjects was 0.95% (14/1476), while 7.0%
(39/554) of the swine excreted HEV in stool. The positive rate of anti-HEV IgG and IgM
in the serum samples was 7.9% (117/1476) and 1.6% (24/1476), respectively.
Phylogenetic analysis based on the 150 nt partial sequence of the capsid protein gene
showed that the 53 swine and human HEV isolates in the current study all belonged to
genotype 4, clustering into three major groups. However, the HEV isolates prevalent in
the human and swine populations were classified into known distinct subgenotypes,
which suggested that no cross-species transmission between swine and humans had taken
place in this area. This result was confirmed by cloning and phylogenetic analysis of the
complete capsid protein gene sequence of three representative HEV strains in the three
major groups. The cross reactivity between anti-HEV IgG from human sera and the two
representative strains from swine in central China was confirmed by Dot-blot assay. In
conclusion, although all the HEV strains prevalent in central China belonged to genotype
4, there is no evidence of cross-species transmission between human and swine in this
area.
118.
【篇名】Isolation and characterization of a genotype 4 Hepatitis E virus strain from an
infant in China
【作者】Zhang, W.,Yang, S. X.,Shen, Q.,Liu, J. F.,Shan, T. L.,Huang, F.,Ning, H. B.,Kang, Y.
J.,Yang, Z. B.,Cui, L.,Zhu, J. G.,Hua, X. G.
【期刊】Virol. J.,2009, 6(【摘要】In the present study, a genotype 4 HEV strain was identified in
the fecal specimen from a seven months old infant with no symptom of hepatitis in
Shanghai Children's hospital. The full capsid protein gene ( ORF2) sequence of this strain
was determined by RT-PCR method. Sequence analysis based on the full ORF2 sequence
indicated that this HEV strain shared the highest sequence identity (97.6%) with another
human HEV strain isolated from a Japanese patient who was infected by genotype 4 HEV
during traveling in Shanghai. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this genotype 4 HEV was
phylogenetically far from the genotype 4 HEV strain that was commonly prevalent in
Shanghai swine group, suggesting that this strain may not come from swine group and not
involved in zoonotic transmission in this area.
119.
【篇名】The hormetic effect of cadmium on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the
earthworm Eisenia fetida
【作者】Zhang, Y.,Shen, G. Q.,Yu, Y. S.,Zhu, H. L.
【期刊】Environ. Pollut.,2009, 157(11)
【摘要】The hormetic dose-response relationships induced by environmental toxic agents are
often characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. Confirmation of the
general phenomenon of hormesis may have significant implications for ecological risk
assessment, although the mechanisms that underlie hormesis remain an enigma. In this
study, a model-based approach for describing a dose-response relationship incorporating
the hormetic effect was applied to the detection and estimation of the hormetic effect of
cadmium (Cd) on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the earthworm Eisenia fetida.
The results showed that Cd at low concentrations induced an increase in the activity of
catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), but high concentrations inhibited the enzymes,
and this was reflected in an inverted U-shaped curve. The maximum hormetic magnitude
of SOD activity was higher than that of catalase. The presence of hormesis induced by
cadmium in the earthworm may be related to activation of adaptive pathways. (C) 2009
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
120.
【篇名】Expression and purification of bioactive high-purity human midkine in Escherichia
coli
【作者】Zhang, Z. H.,Du, L. J.,Xiang, D.,Zhu, S. Y.,Wu, M. Y.,Lu, H. L.,Yu, Y.,Han, W.
【期刊】J. Zhejiang Univ.-SCI. B,2009, 10(2)
【摘要】Midkine is a heparin-binding growth factor, which plays important roles in the regulation
of cell growth and differentiation. The non-tagged recombinant human midkine (rhMK) is
therefore required to facilitate its functional studies of this important growth factor. In the
present work, rhMK was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 (DE3). The
expression of midkine was efficiently induced by isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside
(IPTG). After sonication, midkine was recovered in an insoluble form, and was dissolved
in guanidine hydrochloride buffer. Renaturation of the denatured protein was carried out
in the defined protein refolding buffer, and the refolded protein was purified using
S-Sepharose ion-exchange chromatography. The final preparation of the rhMK was
greater than 98% pure as measured by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamid gel
electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography
(RP-HPLC). The purified rhMK enhanced the proliferation of NIH3T3 cells.
121.
【 篇 名 】 A cross-study gene set enrichment analysis identifies critical pathways in
endometriosis
【作者】Zhao, H. B.,Wang, Q. S.,Bai, C. Y.,He, K.,Pan, Y. C.
【期刊】Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol.,2009, 7(【摘要】Background: Endometriosis is an enigmatic
disease. Gene expression profiling of endometriosis has been used in several studies, but
few studies went further to classify subtypes of endometriosis based on expression
patterns and to identify possible pathways involved in endometriosis. Some of the
observed pathways are more inconsistent between the studies, and these candidate
pathways presumably only represent a fraction of the pathways involved in endometriosis.
Methods: We applied a standardised microarray preprocessing and gene set enrichment
analysis to six independent studies, and demonstrated increased concordance between
these gene datasets. Results: We find 16 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated pathways
common in ovarian endometriosis data sets, 22 up-regulated and one down-regulated
pathway common in peritoneal endometriosis data sets. Among them, 12 up-regulated
and 1 down-regulated were found consistent between ovarian and peritoneal
endometriosis. The main canonical pathways identified are related to immunological and
inflammatory disease. Early secretory phase has the most over-represented pathways in
the three uterine cycle phases. There are no overlapping significant pathways between the
dataset from human endometrial endothelial cells and the datasets from ovarian
endometriosis which used whole tissues. Conclusion: The study of complex diseases
through pathway analysis is able to highlight genes weakly connected to the phenotype
which may be difficult to detect by using classical univariate statistics. By standardised
microarray preprocessing and GSEA, we have increased the concordance in identifying
many biological mechanisms involved in endometriosis. The identified gene pathways
will shed light on the understanding of endometriosis and promote the development of
novel therapies.
122.
【篇名】alpha-glucosidase inhibitory constituents from Toona sinensis
【作者】Zhao, J.,Zhou, X. W.,Chen, X. B.,Wang, Q. X.
【期刊】Chem. Nat. Compd.,2009, 45(2)
【摘要】
123.
【篇名】Molecular evolution of the E8 promoter in tomato and some of its relative wild
species
【作者】Zhao, L. X.,Lu, L. Y.,Zhang, L. D.,Wang, A. X.,Wang, N.,Liang, Z. B.,Lu, X. W.,Tang, K.
X.
【期刊】J. Biosci.,2009, 34(1)
【摘要】The E8 gene is related to ethylene biosynthesis in plants. To explore the effect of the
expression pattern of the E8 gene on different E8 promoters, the molecular evolution of
E8 promoters was investigated. A total of 16 E8 promoters were cloned from 16
accessions of seven tomato species, and were further analysed. The results from 19 E8
promoters including three previously cloned E8 promoters (X13437, DQ317599 and
AF515784) showed that the size of the E8 promoters varied from 2101 bp (LA2150) to
2256bp (LA2192); their sequences shared 69.9% homology and the average A/T content
was 74.9%. Slide-window analysis divided E8 promoters into three regions -A, B and C and the sequence identity in these regions was 72.5%, 41.2% and 70.8%, respectively. By
searching the cis-elements of E8 promoters in the PLACE database, mutant nucleotides
were found in some functional elements, and deletions or insertions were also found in
regions responsible for ethylene biosysnthesis (-1702 to -1274) and the negative effect
region (-1253 to -936). Our results indicate that the size of the functional region for
ethylene biosynthesis in the E8 promoter could be shortened from 429 bp to 113 bp
(-1612 to -1500). The results of molecular evolution analysis showed that the 19 E8
promoters could be classified into four clade groups, which is basically consistent with
evolution of the tomato genome. Southern blot analysis results showed that the copy
number of E8 promoters in tomato and some other wild species changed from I to 4.
Taken together, our study provides important information for further elucidating the E8
gene expression pattern in tomato, analysing functional elements in the E8 promoter and
reconstructing the potent E8 promoter.
124.
【篇名】Three new species of the Amynthas hawayanus-group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae)
from Hainan Island, China
【作者】Zhao, Q.,Sun, J.,Qiu, J. P.
【期刊】J. Nat. Hist.,2009, 43(17-18)
【摘要】A collection of earthworm specimens from Hainan comprised many new species, mostly
endemic. This paper describes three new species, Amynthas bouchei Zhao and Qiu sp.
nov., Amynthas omodeoi Zhao and Qiu sp. nov. and Amynthas edwardsi Zhao and Qiu sp.
nov. These three species all belong to the hawayanus-group. The position of the
spermathecal pores in all the new species is three pairs in 5/6-7/8. Descriptions of the
species are provided, including figures of the ventral view and of the spermathecae. A
comparison with Amynthas species with spermathecal pores also in 5/6-7/8 from China is
provided.
125.
【篇名】QTL mapping of maize (Zea mays) stay-green traits and their relationship to yield
【作者】Zheng, H. J.,Wu, A. Z.,Zheng, C. C.,Wang, Y. F.,Cai, R.,Shen, X. F.,Xu, R. R.,Liu,
P.,Kong, L. J.,Dong, S. T.
【期刊】Plant Breed.,2009, 128(1)
【摘要】A maize genetic linkage map derived from 115 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
was constructed from an F-2 population. The F-2 was generated from a cross between a
stay-green inbred line (Q319) and a normal inbred line (Mo17). The map resolved 10
linkage groups and spanned 1431.0 cM in length with an average genetic distance of
12.44 cM between two neighbouring loci. A total of 14 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were
detected for stay-green traits at different postflowering time intervals and identified by
composite interval mapping. The respective QTL contribution to phenotypic variance
ranged from 5.40% to 11.49%, with trait synergistic action from Q319. Moreover, maize
stay-green traits were closely correlated to grain yield. Additional QTL analyses indicated
that multiple intervals of stay-green QTL overlapped with yield QTL.
126.
【篇名】Signal molecule-mediated hepatic cell communication during liver regeneration
【作者】Zheng, Z. Y.,Weng, S. Y.,Yu, Y.
【期刊】World J. Gastroenterol.,2009, 15(46)
【摘要】Liver regeneration is a complex and well-orchestrated process, during which hepatic cells
are activated to produce large signal molecules in response to liver injury or mass
reduction. These signal molecules, in turn, set up the connections and cross-talk among
liver cells to promote hepatic recovery. In this review, we endeavor to summarize the
network of signal molecules that mediates hepatic cell communication in the regulation of
liver regeneration. (C) 2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng. All rights reserved.
127.
【篇名】Stereoisomeric Separation and Bioassay of a New Organophosphorus Compound,
O,S-Dimethyl-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-methoxyethyl)phosphoramidothioate:
Some
Implications for Chiral Switch
【作者】Zhou, S. S.,Wang, L. M.,Li, L.,Liu, W. P.
【期刊】J. Agric. Food Chem.,2009, 57(15)
【 摘 要 】 The manufacture and use of single- or enriched-enantiomer pesticides are
green-chemistry developments advocated in the 21st century, but predictive work for
chiral switch of newly produced chiral active ingredients is limited. In the present study,
the stereoselective separation, target activity, and nontarget toxicity of
O,S-dimethyl-N(2,2,2-trichloro-1-methoxyethyl)phosphoramidothioate (MCP), a new
organophosphorus compound, were investigated. Because being highly active and safe is
a prerequisite for marketing single-isomer products, the above studies were used to offer
some implications for the chiral switch of racemic MCP. The results showed that all four
stereoisomers of MCP were successfully separated with a Chiralpak AD column on HPLC.
The resolved isomers and the pairs of enantiomers were further distinguished using a
circular dichroism detector, designating the first and third eluted peaks as one pair of
enantiomers and the second and fourth peaks as the other pair. Then, the insecticidal
activities and acute and delayed toxicities of the resolved isomers of MCP were evaluated
by their acute lethal efficacy against Daphina magna, their inhibitory potentials to
acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and axon-like outgrowth of the SH-SY5Y cells, respectively.
The inhibition potencies of the isomers against AChE in SH-SY5Y cells were low and
slightly stereoselective. On the other hand, a significant difference was observed among
the isomers in their activities and delayed neurotoxicities. The 48 h acute toxicities of
isomers to D. magna followed the order peak 1 approximate to pair 1 (i.e., equimolar
mixture of peaks 1 and 3) > peak 4 approximate to racemate > pair 2 (i.e., equimolar
mixture of peaks 2 and 4) > peak 2 > peak 3, with 1.0-6.3-fold differences among them.
In comparison, the inhibitory potentials of the isomers toward axon growth of SH-SY5Y
cells decreased in the order peak 2 > pair 2 > peak 4 > racemate > peak 3 > pair 1
approximate to peak 1, with at least a 60-fold difference between the strongest and
weakest inhibitors. Those results imply that peak 1 has the optimal target selectivity and
ecological profile among the four stereoisomers. It was calculated that two-thirds of the
usual pesticide usage can be saved concomitantly with a substantial decrease in
neuropathic risk if MCP is present only as peak 1 rather than the racemate. When
considering the absence of the economically feasible synthetic methods and techniques to
produce optically pure isomers of organophosphorus pesticides, pair 1 of MCP shows
considerable worth for future applications on the basis of its biological predominance and
cost effectiveness.
128.
【篇名】Identification of a taxol-producing endophytic fungus EFY-36
【作者】Zhou, X.,Zheng, W.,Zhu, H.,Tang, K.
【期刊】Afr. J. Biotechnol.,2009, 8(11)
【摘要】Morphological and molecular methods were used to identify the statues of an isolate,
EFY-36, a taxol-producing endophytic fungus. Based on the morphology of the fungal
colony, the mechanism of spore production and the characteristics of the spores, the
isolate is Mucor spp. Furthermore, the analysis of 18S ribosome RNA sequence of the
isolate was achieved using PCR technology. The results showed that the 18S ribosome
RNA sequence of the isolate has a higher homology relationship with other
taxol-producing endophytic fungi; Pestalotiopsis sp., Seimatoantlerium sp. and
Pestalosphaeria sp.
129.
【篇名】Cordyceps fungi: natural products, pharmacological functions and developmental
products
【作者】Zhou, X. W.,Gong, Z. H.,Su, Y.,Lin, J.,Tang, K. X.
【期刊】J. Pharm. Pharmacol.,2009, 61(3)
【摘要】Objectives Parasitic Cordyceps fungi, such as Cordyceps sinensis, is it parasitic complex
of fungus and caterpillar, which has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries
particularly in China, Japan and other Asian countries. This article gives a general idea of
the latest developments in C sinensis research, with regard to the active chemical
components, the pharmacological effects and the research and development of products in
recent years. Key findings The common names for preparations include
DongChongXiaCao, in Chinese, winter worm summer grass in English. It has many
bioactive components, such as 3'-deoxyadenosine, cordycepic acid and Cordyceps
polysaccharides. It is commonly used to replenish the kidney and soothe the lung, and for
the treatment, of Fatigue. It also can be used to treat conditions such as night sweating,
hyposexuality, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, asthenia after severe illness, respiratory
disease, renal dysfunction, renal failure, arrhythmias and other heart disease and liver
disease. Because of its rarity and outstanding curative effects, several mycelia strains
have been isolated from natural Cordyceps and manufactured by fermentation technology,
and are commonly sold as health food products. In addition, some substitutes such as C.
militaris and adulterants also have been used; therefore, quality control of C. sinensis and
its products is very important to ensure their safety and efficacy. Summary Recent
research advances ill the Study of Cordyceps, including Cordyceps mushrooms, chemical
components, pharmacological functions and developmental products, has been reviewed
and discussed. Developing trends in the field have also been appraised.
130.
【篇名】Genomic Cloning and Characterization of a FIP-gsi Gene Encoding a Fungal
Immunomodulatory Protein from Ganoderma sinense Zhao et al.
(Aphyllophoromycetideae)
【作者】Zhou, X. W.,Xie, M. Q.,Hong, F.,Li, Q. Z.,Lin, J.
【期刊】Int. J. Med. Mushrooms,2009, 11(1)
【摘要】A genomic DNA sequence encoding fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP), the FIP-gsi
gene, was isolated from Ganoderma sinense (Ganodermataceae, Basidiomycetes) using
genomic walker technology. Analysis of 1072-bp segments revealed that the gene
contained a 501-bp 5'-flanking region, a 333-bp open read frame (ORF), and a 238-bp
3'-flanking region. There is one putative TATA box and one possible CAAT box lieing in
the 5'-flanking region. The ORF encodes a 12.4-kDa precursor polypeptide. One intron
was found in the 5'-flanking region. The deduced amino acid sequence of FIP-gsi shares
high similarity with other FlPs, for example, G. lucidum (FIP-glu), G. japonicum (FIP-gja),
G. tsugae (FIP-gts), Flammulina velutipes (FIP-fve), and Volvariella volvacea (FIP-vvo),
which were found to be 99%, 86%, 86%, 61%, and 56% identical, respectively. The
cloning of the genomic DNA sequence is an important foundation for further study of its
structure, expression, and regulatory mechanisms.