Angus migration and commuting patterns
ANGUS
In 2001 the population of Angus was 108,400, 60% of which were of working age.
MIGRATION
Table 1 below shows UK migration to and from Angus in the year to the Census in 2001.
Table 1: Migration by total and working-age population (UK only1), 2001.
Total outTotal inmigration
migration
Net migration
Total migration
3,488
3,233
-255
Working-age migration
2,748
2,225
-523
Source: Census Origin-Destination tables, 2001.
In the year to 2001 Angus experienced an overall net out-migration of total population and
working-age population. However, it should be noted that the data do not take account of
emigration to locations outside of the UK.
Figure 1 presents total in-migration to Angus from the UK and overseas.
Figure 1: Total2 in-migration to Angus, 2001.
Scotland
62%
England & Wales
18%
Origin unknown
14%
Rest of the world
N. Ireland
6%
0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Of the total number of people migrating to Angus (4,033) between 2000 and 2001, 62% came
from Scotland; 18% (708) came from England & Wales; 6% (245) came from a country outside
the UK; and 14% from an unknown place of origin.
Figure 2 below shows in-migration to Angus from other Scottish local authorities only.
1
The Census data provides information on immigration to Angus from outside the UK however there is no data relating
to emigration to locations outside the UK. The numbers presented in Table 1 are for movements within the UK only.
2
Including people from outside the UK and people with no address the year before the census.
Angus migration and commuting patterns
Figure 2: Total in-migration to Angus from Scottish local authorities, 2001
Dundee
45%
12%
Perth & Kinross
Aberdeenshire
8%
Fife
6%
Aberdeen
5%
Highland
3%
Edinburgh
3%
Glasgow
3%
North Lanarkshire
1%
South Lanarkshire
1%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Of the 2,519 people migrating to Angus in 2001 from elsewhere in Scotland, almost half (45%)
were from neighbouring Dundee. The next most popular origins for migrants were Perth and
Kinross (12%) and the Aberdeenshire (8%).
Figure 3 below shows out-migrants from Angus to other Scottish local authorities only.
Figure 3: Out-migration from Angus to Scottish local authorities, 2001.
Dundee
34%
12%
Perth & Kinross
Aberdeenshire
10%
Aberdeen
9%
Edinburgh
7%
Fife
7%
5%
Glasgow
Highland
3%
Argyll & Bute
2%
Stirling
2%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Of the 2,561 people moving out of Angus to other Scottish areas, the highest proportion moved
to adjoining Dundee (34%). Perth and Kinross (12%) and Aberdeenshire (10%) were the next
most popular destinations for out-migrants.
Figures 4 and 5 below show in and out-migration by age group.
Angus migration and commuting patterns
3
Figure 4: In-migration by age, 2001.
Figure 5: Out-migration4 by age, 2001.
Aged 0-15
9%
Aged 0-15
4%
21%
17%
11%
Aged 16-24
Aged 16-24
15%
Aged 25-34
Aged 25-34
14%
16%
Aged 35-44
Aged 35-44
15%
31%
Aged 45-64
Aged 45-64
24%
23%
Aged 65+
Aged 65+
The largest groups migrating to Angus are those aged 25-34 (23%) followed by 0-15 year olds
(21%). For out-migration, the largest groups are 16-24 (31%) and 25-34 year olds (24%).
TRAVEL TO WORK PATTERNS
Table 2 below provides an overview of Angus’s residents and workforce.
Table 2: Angus residents and workforce, 2001
No.
Total population
%
108,400
100%
65,344
60%
47,566
100%
…who work in Angus
32,470
68%
...who are out-commuters
15,096
32%
37,096
100%
…who are Angus residents
32,470
88%
….who are in-commuters
4,626
12%
Working-age population
Total Angus residents in employment
Total Angus workforce
Source: ONS: Mid-year population estimates and Origin-Destination statistics (Census 2001).
Table 2 shows that of the 65,344 working-age population 47,566 are in employment – 68% in
Angus and 32% outwith the area. Of the area’s 37,096 workforce, 88% are residents and 12% are
in-commuters.
Table 3 shows where Angus’s workforce lives.
Table 3: Place or residence of Angus workforce, 2001.
Angus workforce
% of total
Place of residence
No. of workers
workforce
Angus
32,470
87.5%
Dundee City
2,414
6.5%
Aberdeenshire
814
2.2%
Perth & Kinross
655
1.8%
Fife
264
0.7%
Highland
126
0.3%
Aberdeen City
92
0.2%
Moray
50
0.1%
Edinburgh City
26
0.1%
Eilean Siar
17
0.0%
Other Scottish LAs
168
0.5%
Total workforce
37,096
100.0%
3
4
Based on total number of people migrating to Angus.
Based on Scotland and UK only.
% of total incommuters only
52.2%
17.6%
14.2%
5.7%
2.7%
2.0%
1.1%
0.6%
0.4%
3.6%
100.0%
Angus migration and commuting patterns
Table 3 shows that Dundee is the largest provider of labour to Angus supplying 2,414 (6.5%) of
the area’s workforce – 52% of all in-commuters. Aberdeenshire and Perth and Kinross are the
next largest suppliers of in-commuters.
Table 4 below shows where Angus residents work.
Table 4: Place of work of Angus residents, 2001.
Angus residents
Place of work
Angus
Dundee City
Aberdeen City
Perth & Kinross
Aberdeenshire
Fife
Highland
Edinburgh City
Glasgow City
Stirling
Other Scottish LAs
Total residents
No. of residents
32,470
10,363
2,050
1,077
757
341
157
90
54
34
173
47,566
% of total residents
68.3%
21.8%
4.3%
2.3%
1.6%
0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
0.1%
0.1%
0.4%
100.0%
% of total
commuters
out-
68.6%
13.6%
7.1%
5.0%
2.3%
1.0%
0.6%
0.4%
0.2%
1.1%
100.0%
Table 4 shows that of all Angus residents 68.3% work in Angus itself. 21% (10,363) of residents
travel to work in Dundee accounting for 68.6% of all out-commuters. Aberdeen City and Perth
and Kinross are the next most places of work for out-commuters.
Table 5 below compares employment status of the total Angus workforce to in-commuters.
Table 5: Employment status of Angus workforce, 2001.
Total
Employment status
workforce
% of total
Full-time
27,353
74%
Part-time
9,743
26%
Total
37,096
100%
Employed
31,350
85%
Self-employed
5,746
15%
Total
37,096
100%
In-commuters
3,745
881
4,626
4,289
337
4,626
% of incommuters
81%
19%
100%
93%
7%
100%
Of those working in Angus, 74% are employed full-time, however for in-commuters this rises to
81%. 85% of the workforce are employees, again this is higher for those in-commuting (93%).
Therefore in-commuters to Angus are slightly more likely to be full-time employees than
residents working there.
Table 6 shows the employment status of all Angus residents compared to out-commuters.
Table 6: Employment status of Angus residents, 2001.
Employment status
Full-time
Part-time
Total
Employed
Self-employed
Total
Total residents
36,426
11,140
47,566
41,346
6,220
47,566
% of total
77%
23%
100%
87%
13%
100%
Outcommuters
12,818
2,278
15,096
14,285
811
15,096
% of outcommuters
85%
15%
100%
95%
5%
100%
Angus migration and commuting patterns
Table 6 shows that 77% of employed Angus residents work full-time, for out-commuters this
rises to 85%. Out-commuters are also more likely to be employees (95%) compared with all
employed Angus residents (87%).
Figure 6 compares industry of employment for in-commuters and Angus residents.
Figure 6: Angus workforce by industry and place of residence, 2001.
Mining etc.; manufacturing; elec., gas & water
15%
Wholesale & retail trade
13%
Health & social work
1%
12%
Construction
2%
8%
Real estate & business act
1%
7%
Public admin. & defence
6%
Agriculture, forestry & fishing
6%
Education
1%
1%
5%
1%
Other
5%
1%
Hotels & restaurants
5%
1%
Transport, storage & com.
Financial intermediation
2%
4%
1%
1%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
Angus residents working in Angus
14%
16%
18%
20%
Non-Angus residents
Of Angus’s 37,096 workforce 15% are employed in ‘mining & quarrying; manufacturing;
electricity, gas & water supply’ with only 2% of employees in-commuting. ‘Wholesale and retail
trade’ and ‘health and social work’ are the next largest sectors with 14% of Angus’s jobs. For
both industries only a small proportion of jobs are held by in-commuters.
Figure 7 compares industry of employment for Angus residents who work locally and those who
out-commute to work.
Figure 7: Angus residents by industry and destination, 2001.
Mining etc.; manufacturing; elec., gas & water
12%
Wholesale & retail trade
7%
10%
Health & social work
4%
10%
Construction
4%
6%
Real estate & business act
2%
6%
Public admin. & defence
3%
5%
Agriculture, forestry & fishing
4%
Education
4%
Other
4%
Hotels & restaurants
4%
Transport, storage & com.
3%
Financial intermediation
1% 1%
0%
2%
2%
0%
3%
1%
1%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
Angus residents working in Angus
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
Angus residents working outwith Angus
Figure 7 shows that 19% of Angus’s 47,566 employed residents work in ‘mining & quarrying;
manufacturing; electricity, gas & water supply’, of which one third travel to work outside
Angus. ‘Wholesale and retail’ and ‘health and social work’ are the next largest industries for
residents – in both cases 71% of employees work locally.
Angus migration and commuting patterns
Figure 8 below compares the occupations of Angus residents working locally and in-commuters
to the area.
Figure 8: Angus workforce by occupation and place of residence, 2001.
Large employers & higher
managerial occ.
2%
3%
Higher professional occ.
1%
1%
Lower managerial &
professional occ.
19%
Intermediate occ.
10%
Small employers & own
account workers
5%
2%
1%
12%
Lower supervisory & technical
occ.
10%
1%
Semi-routine occ.
17%
Routine occ.
2%
14%
0%
5%
1%
10%
15%
Angus residents working in Angus
20%
25%
30%
Non-Angus residents working in Angus
Figure 8 shows that in-commuters account for a relatively small proportion of all occupational
groups working in Angus. In-commuters represent the largest share of employment in largeemployers & higher managerial occupations (accounting for one-third of jobs) and higher
professional occupations where they fill one-quarter of jobs.
Figure 9 below compares the occupations of Angus residents working locally and those outcommuting.
Figure 9: Angus residents by occupation and place of employment, 2001.
Large employers & higher
managerial occ.
1% 2%
Higher professional occ.
2%
3%
Lower managerial &
professional occ.
15%
Intermediate occ.
7%
Small employers & own
account workers
5%
10%
Lower supervisory & technical
occ.
10%
1%
8%
4%
Semi-routine occ.
13%
Routine occ.
4%
11%
0%
5%
3%
10%
Angus residents working in Angus
15%
20%
25%
30%
Angus residents working outwith Angus
Figures 8 and 9 show that the overall occupational profiles of Angus’s workforce and residents
are very similar with lower managerial and professional occupations representing the largest
industries for both groups. A higher proportion of residents employed in larger and higher
managerial occupations and higher professional occupations travel outwith the area to work
than work in Angus.
Angus migration and commuting patterns
Figures 10 and 11 below show in and out-commuting by gender.
Figure 10: In-commuters by gender,
2001.
Figure 11: Out-commuters by gender,
2001.
Female, 41%
Female, 43%
Male, 57%
Male, 59%
Figure 10 and 11 show that a clear majority of commuters are male. However, females
represent a slightly higher percentage of in-commuters (43%) than out-commuters (41%).
Figures 12 and 13 show in and out-commuting by age.
Figure 12: In-commuters by age-group,
2001.
Figure 13: Out-commuters by age-groups,
2001.
Aged 16-24,
10%
Aged 16-24,
12%
Aged 25-29,
10%
Aged 25-29,
10%
Aged 45-74,
37%
Aged 45-74,
38%
Aged 30-44,
41%
Aged 30-44,
42%
Figures 12 and 13 shows that a clear majority of commuters are aged 30+. In general the
age profiles are very similar for in and out-commuters.
Figure 14 below shows commuting by mode of transport for residents working in Angus,
residents out-commuting to their place of work and in-commuters to Angus.
Figure 14: Commuters by mode of transport, 2001.
100%
90%
2%
5%
11%
9%
12%
9%
Foot/bicycle
28%
80%
70%
60%
9%
Carpassenger/taxi
4%
50%
40%
30%
75%
77%
Bus/train
59%
20%
Car/motorcycle
10%
0%
Angus
Out-commuters from Angus
In-commuters
Figure 14 shows that 59% of Angus residents travelling to work within Angus do so by car (as a
driver) and 9% travel by bus or train. Of all out-commuters, 3 out of 4 drive to work and only
11% use a bus or train. The modes of transport used by in and out-commuters are very similar.
Angus migration and commuting patterns
ECONOMIC OVERVIEW
Table 7: Change in total and working-age population in Angus, 1998-2003.
Angus
1998
2003
Change 1998-2003
Total population
109,800
107,500
-2,300
-2.1%
Working-age population
67,600 (62%)
65,800 (61%)
-1,800
-2.7%
Source: Mid-year estimates, General Register Office (GRO) Scotland
Table 8: Angus residents by place of birth, 2001.
Place of birth
%
Scotland
88.3%
England
8.2%
Wales
0.3%
Northern Ireland
0.5%
Republic of Ireland
0.2%
Other EU countries
0.7%
Elsewhere
1.8%
Source: Census 2001
Table 9: Job density5 in Angus, 2002.
2002
Angus
0.69
East of Scotland
0.86
Scotland
0.82
Source: Office of National Statistics (ONS)
Table 10: Claimant count rate, November 2004.
Claimant count
Angus
2.8%
East of Scotland
2.3%
Scotland
2.7%
Source: Claimant Register, Nomis
Table 11: Resident and workplace based gross weekly earnings, 2003.
Workplace
Resident based
based
Angus
£362.8
£322.3
East of Scotland
£374.0
£372.7
Scotland
£367.2
£365.8
Source: Nomis: New Earnings Survey, 2004.
5
Ratio of filled jobs to working-age residents