PAPER SUBMISSION
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The deadline for the submissions is the 15th of October
1.
Title of Paper
Doctorate holders in the Portuguese labour market
2.
Author's Position
Head of Division of Studies in Education and Science
Direcção-Geral de Estatísticas de Educação e Ciência
Ministério da Educação e Ciência
Lisbon, Portugal
joana.duarte@dgeec.mec.pt
Author’s Institutional Affiliation
(include city/country)
Author's email address
3.
Second Author’s Name (if any)
Second Author's Position
Second Author’s Institutional
Affiliation (include city/country)
Second Author’s email address
Joana Serra da Luz Mendonça
Deputy director
Direcção-Geral de Estatísticas de Educação e Ciência
Ministério da Educação e Ciência
Lisbon, Portugal
joana.mendonca@dgeec.mec.pt
4.
Additional Author(s)’ Name(s)
in order of authorship (if any)
Additional Author(s)’ Position(s) in
order of authorship
Additional Author(s)’ Institutional
Affiliation (include city/country)
Additional Author(s)’ email(s) in
order of authorship
5.
Presenter (Presenting Author)
Joana Netto Miranda Duarte
6.
Three (3) Keyword Descriptors
Doctorates, career, mobility
a.
b.
7.
a.
MSC
JEL
THE ABSTRACT
Introduction, Background, and
Objectives
This paper focuses on doctorate holders in the Portuguese
labour market and their professional mobility: intra-sectorial,
inter-sectorial and interdisciplinary. Doctorate holders are
considered as the best qualified for the creation,
implementation and diffusion of knowledge and innovation
(1), not only because in the PhD they develop skills to do
these tasks, but also because most of them work in research.
The combination of advanced training and engagement in
research activities makes them key human resources in
b.
Theoretical or Conceptual
Framework (if applicable)
c.
Research Methods, Samples or
Data Sources
dynamic, fast changing knowledge and globalized societies (2)
in which mobility - academic, professional and international –
is one of the main indicators of knowledge circulation.
In 2005, when the first Careers of Doctorate Holders Survey
(CDH) was launched, the knowledge about doctorate holders’
labour market and career paths were very limited (3).
Doctorate holders who are specifically trained to carry out
research and have reached the highest level of the system (4)
are the most predisposed for research careers (5).
Nevertheless, until now Portugal shows a typically academic
labour market (6) either in teaching activities and R&D
activities or both. This also means that Portugal has a private
sector (including private non-profit institutions and firms)
that still can’t absorb these high skilled human resources. It
seems that for the private sector in Portugal exist a mismatch
between qualifications and skills possessed by these
individuals and those sought by a changing market (7), a
mismatch that is not valid for other countries like the United
Kingdom and the United States, for example. Doctorate
holders have a main role to play in this changing societies and
the current challenge is to adjust advanced training to the
requirements of a wider variety of careers (8). The analysis of
the labour market offers, opportunities and characteristics once finding a job related with the skills acquired for should
be the more immediate return for the his investment – along
with professional mobility is the main key to trace career
paths of doctorate holders and to know the return of the
investment in such human capital.
To characterize doctorate holders in the Portuguese labour
market we will address the following questions: where do
doctorate holders work as compared to other tertiary
education graduates? Do they follow research careers or
other and in what sector and field? Do they benefit from a
wage premium and which sectors of employment are more
profitable? To deepen the impact that professional mobility
has on the labour market we will explore micro-data on job
mobility based on CDH data and developed in the context of
an OECD project called “Knowinno project on careers of
doctorate holders. To characterize foreign doctorate holders
who have obtained their doctoral degree abroad but work in
R&D activities in Portugal data will be used from the R&D
Survey 2010 and the study carried by DGEEC/MEC “the flows
of doctorate holders in Portugal and their professional
situation – 2009”. For this work we use CDH Survey, a sample
survey of doctorate holders living in Portugal. The survey is
done on a representative sample stratified by gender, age
group, field of science and year of the doctoral degree. We
use data from CDH04, CDH06, CDH09.
d.
Method of Analysis
e.
Findings
f.
Conclusions, Scholarly or
Scientific Significance, and
Implications
8.
The analysis will present descriptive statistics and cross
tabulations of the data, which will aloe for a characterization
of the professional situation of Portuguese doctorate holders,
and their movements in the labour market.
In addition, a regression analysis will be made to determine
the major factors influencing job-to-job mobility of
doctorates.
R&D Survey shows an increasing number of doctorate holders
enrolled in R&D activities in all sectors of performance.
Although that it is known that the major part of doctorate
holders living in Portugal works in higher education sector in
R&D activities, It will be possible to characterize labour
market conditions for these doctorate holders.
There are some partial studies about the Portuguese labour
market conditions for doctorate holders in Portugal, and CDH
survey data will enable to study Portuguese labour market
conditions that certainly will have impact on policy matters,
namely human resources, labour and higher education
policies.
References
(1) AURIOL, L., (2008), Doctoral graduates and the
international labour market, International Workshop
on the Careers of Doctorate Holders, Brussels, 1st
December 2008.
(2) NEUMANN, R., and TAN, K.K., (2011), “From PhD to
initial employment: the doctorate in a knowledge
economy”, Studies in Higher Education, 36, 5, 601614.
(3) SCHWABE, Markus (2011), “The Career Paths of
Doctoral Graduates in Austria”, European Journal of
Education, vol. 46, No. 1, 153-168.
(4) SCHWABE, Markus (2011), “The Career Paths of
Doctoral Graduates in Austria”, European Journal of
Education, vol. 46, No. 1, 153-168.
(5) RECOTILLET, I. (2007), “PhD Graduates with Postdoctoral Qualification in the Private Sector: Does It
Pay Off?”, Labour, vol. 21, Nº3, pp. 473-502.
(6) AURIOL, L., (2007), Labour market characteristics and
international mobility of doctorate holders: results
from seven countries, OECD, Statistical Analysis of
Science, Technology and Industry, STI working papers,
2010/4 .
(7) FONTES, M. et all (2004), “Employment of young
scientists in the business sector: expectations and
reality”, R&D Management Conference 2004,
Sesimbra, 7-9 de Julho de 2004.
(8) FONTES, M. et all (2004), “Employment of young
scientists in the business sector: expectations and
reality”, R&D Management Conference 2004,
Sesimbra, 7-9 de Julho de 2004.