Stichting
Wind Energie Events
Rules for Racing Aeolus 2014
Status: Final
Version 1.0
July 2014
1
Introduction
In this document you will find the rules for the Racing Aeolus 2014 event. The rules are
slightly adapted from the previous Racing Aeolus 2013 event which took place in Den Helder,
The Netherlands.
Important changes are the rules for winning the competition!
Changes previous release (Version 0.5, May 2014)
Section 10. Note: The minimum number of races will be discussed during each captain’s
meeting previous to the racing day!
Abbreviations
WPV
Wind Powered Vehicle
Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 2
Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. 2
1 Definition of a Wind Powered Vehicle (WPV) .................................................................. 3
2 Driver .................................................................................................................................. 3
3 Design ................................................................................................................................. 3
4 Safety .................................................................................................................................. 4
5 Penalties .............................................................................................................................. 5
6 Inspection procedure ........................................................................................................... 5
7 Traffic rules ......................................................................................................................... 7
8 Race safety .......................................................................................................................... 7
9 Track layout ........................................................................................................................ 7
10
Rules on winning the competition ................................................................................... 8
General ..................................................................................................................................... 12
2
1 Definition of a Wind Powered Vehicle (WPV)
1.1 Land based vehicle driving on wheels and steered by a driver
1.2 Propelled by a device with spinning blades coupled to the wheels (mechanical or
electrical)
1.3 Storage of energy allowed, storage device shall be empty at start (verifiable). Batteries
for purposes other than the direct production of driving power such as sensors,
actuators and communication means do not have to be empty.
2 Driver
2.1. Minimum age of driver is 18 years
2.2. Minimum weight of driver is 65kg. If the driver weighs less extra weight has to be
added near the driver.
2.3. Must remain inside the cockpit throughout the whole race.
3 Design
3.1 The competition-box is 2 meters wide, 4 meters long and 3.5 meters high
3.2 When in racing configuration (no parts can be added or removed before or during the
race) the car must fit completely (including all sensor masts) into the competition-box
3.3 By turning the tower (yaw) or the wheels (for steering only) the competition-box may
be exceeded.
3.4 Maximum diameter of rotor with horizontal axis including cowling (diffuser): 2m
3.5 Maximum rotor area (facing the wind): 4m²
3.6 Maximum distance from any parts that are fixed to the tower (and turn with the tower)
from the center of the tower: 1.5m
3.7 Maximum length of diffuser: 1m in front and behind the tower
3.8 Maximum turning diameter of the car: 15m
3.9 Contact between driver and the road or wheels is not possible
3.10
The vehicle has an adequate steering device
3.11
The rotor can be stopped under all conditions
3.12
The vehicle can be stopped under all conditions
3.13
Cars with an electric drive train: Electric energy may only be stored in
capacitors. The transfer from electrical to mechanical energy for storing purpose (e.g.
flywheel) is legal.
3.14
Cars with an electric drive train must have a display which states the capacitor
voltage and can be accessed easily by the race officials. Instead of a display there may
also be the possibility to connect a multimeter (provided by the team) from the outside
to measure the capacitor voltage. Cars with mechanical power storage must provide an
easy and fast method of testing whether the storage is empty.
3.15
The capacitor voltage/energy in mechanical storage shall be zero before every
race.
3.16
Dimensions example (not to scale, measures in mm if not stated otherwise):
3
Note: Each team must supply a report describing the design of the car. The report also
should include the safety measures taken and calculations which show the car fulfill the
requirements. Finally the report should also describe if and why deviations are
undertaken! The report should be send to the organizing committee at least one month
before the actual race.
4 Safety
4.1
Two independently activated braking devices, one on the rotor axis or in direct contact
with the rotor axis (via proven technology) and one on the wheel axis. The rotor brake may
also be transferred to any axis that is directly coupled to the rotor (no clutch between rotor
brake and rotor).
4.2
The rotor (blades) shall be contained inside a cage or net, made of steel wire of
minimum 1 mm thickness or material which can withstand 600N tension. The cage or net
must not rotate.
4.3
The net/cage shall be made of squares with a maximum size of 0.1x0.1m. Other forms
than squares are also allowed as long as the gaps in the mesh are not larger than 100cm² and
the aspect ratio is smaller than 1.5 : 1
4.4
The net/cage has to fit into the competition-box
4.5
The driver shall be able to vacate from inside without assistance within 30 seconds.
4.6
Good visibility for the sector from -135 to 135 degrees with the track
4.7
Provided with two rear view mirrors, one on the left and one on the right side of the
vehicle. Instead of rear view mirrors cameras with adequate monitors may be used.
4.8
Parking break
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4.9
Provisions for towing with blocked rotor
4.10 Head forward position (of driver) is not allowed
4.11 Emergency evacuation markings on the outside of door(s)
4.12 The driver has to be protected by a roll bar or another device from the dangers of the
flipping of the car.
4.13 Driver wears safety belt (buckle well marked) and helmet
4.14 Provided with horn, activated by driver
4.15 The rotor shall be blocked (it may not rotate) while the car is parked
4.16 The rotor must have an automatic over speed-brake? mechanical or aero dynamical
4.17 Maximum race wind speed: 12 m/sec
4.18 Minimum design wind speed: 18 m/sec (12 m/sec + 50% gusts, your car must be
designed for at least 18 m/sec wind. Keep in mind that the inflow velocity may be higher)
4.19 The car must not flip under the following circumstances:
 Permanent wind of 18 m/sec from any direction (without adjustment of tower/yaw!)
 Driving in any direction on an aslope surface (angle 20°)
4.20 At least 3 wheels, not in line
4.21 Cars with high electric voltage (more than 24V) must have the international safety
symbol "Caution, risk of electric shock" (ISO 3864) on the outside visible from all directions.
The warning sign must be at least 10 by 10 cm big and should state the maximum voltage,
current and whether it is AC or DC.
5 Penalties
5.1. Vehicles that do not comply with the safety rules may not participate in any race. If the
team manages to change their car so that it complies with the safety rules it may participate
when cleared by a race official.
5.2. Teams that violate the safety rules on purpose may be disqualified with all their cars by
the race officials.
5.3. Vehicles that are unable to meet all of the design requirements may participate in the
races but may not finish top five in the overall rating and may not be counted for the speed
record.
6 Inspection procedure
6.1
Competition-box
 There shall be a framework which is 2m wide, 4m long and 3.5m high
 The car must fit into this framework
 This test clears the vehicle for the following rules
 3.2 & 3.4
6.2
Flipping
▪
The drag-momentum created by the rotor and diffuser
(cowling) will be calculated with the following formulas:
5
1 2
2
 Drag-momentum rotor: M R= 2 ρ v 2 π r c d.rot hhub
◦ r= length of one rotor blade
kg
◦ ρ= 1.225 m3
◦
◦
◦
c d.rot = 1
h hub = height of rotor− hub
m
v = 18
s
1 2
 Drag-momentum diffuser: M D= 2 ρ v l d c d.diff hhub
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
▪
▪
▪
▪
kg
m3
l = length of diffuser
d = diameter of diffuser
ρ= 1.225
c d.diff = 0.5
h hub = height of rotor− hub
v = 18
m
s
The bigger momentum (test-momentum) will be used for
testing
The driver’s weight may be simulated with a weight of max.
65kg in the driver’s seat
A rope will be fixed to the tower to apply the test-force which is
the test-momentum divided by the height of the rope fix point.
The rope fix point should be as close to the rotor hub as
possible.
The rope leads horizontally from the tower to a deflection
pulley and from there vertically to a weight which is the testm
force divided by 10 s 2 .
▪
▪
▪
6.3
The test-force will be applied in two directions (one at a time):
 parallel to the shortest lever
 perpendicular to the axis closest to the tower (for classic
design cars this will be the rear axis)
In case a rotor with vertical axis is used the test momentum will
1 2
be M R.Vertical = 2 ρ v ⋅ diameter⋅ height⋅ c d.rot h middle with c d.rot = 1
This test clears the vehicle for the following rules:
 4.18 (partly) & 4.19
Net
A sample of the rotor-net-material will be tested with a weight of 60kg
6
6.4
Driver
The driver will be weighed completely dressed and with full protective gear (once)
6.5
Report
Before the actual inspection the delivered report on the car will be discussed with the
team captain.
7 Traffic rules
Shall be decided by event committee!
The basic idea is that no team will influence the other.
During the practice day on Thursday teams are allowed to go back to the start after they have
finished on the other side of the main wind that means usually that this will be on the higher
end. During the official races the cars will be collected after the finish and are only allowed to
return to the start after clearance of the officials. Suggestions are welcomed!
8 Race safety
Shall be decided by event committee!
At least the following safety measures will be undertaken during the race.
 Al team members who will push the car are obliged to wear helmets
 Fences will be placed near the starting line for safety reasons
Other measures are still point of discussion. Suggestions are welcomed!
9 Track layout
 The race should be against the wind.
 The race track does not need to be a straight line. Turns and round courses may be
possible (shall be decided by event committee)
The venue of the 7th Race against Aeolus will be in Den Helder, The Netherlands. Below a
Google Map picture of the area.
7
In the graph below the track is schematically represented. There is foreseen a 30 m track
length for pushing the cars, after that a 70m track to allow the cars to accelerate to their
driving speed before they enter the 500m long track for which the wind speed and race time
are measured. From the measured time the average car speed is calculated.
10
Rules on winning the competition
In the following paragraphs the rules will be explained how to win the Racing Aeolus
Cup. Furthermore the other prizes will be described.
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It should be noted that although we aim at two racing days experiences from last
competitions showed us that we have to be flexible. Therefore if we have to adapt the plan
(and rules!) the end decision will be made by the event committee!
10.1
Winning the competition
Winning the race will be done based on the results of two racing days, the Friday and
Saturday.
The total result depends on the category:
Category A: A team managed to complete the minimum of races for each day
Category B: A team managed to complete the minimum of races for one day
Category C: A team didn’t manage to complete on either of the days a result.
We will now go through the races in more details.
On each day cars are able to race for a number of runs. These results will be collected
during the race. The collected results will be:







Start time of race
End time of race
Duration of race
Average Wind speed of car (Swag)
Average Winds speed during race (Avg speed)
Ratio between actual wind speed and average wind speed of car
Comment (for instance No Score)
The results shown in the following tables are actual results from last year’s Racing Aeolus
2013.
Results Day 1
Name
Start at
Finish at
Time(s)
WS avg
Avg speed
Ratio
Spirit van Amsterdam 2
12:20:20
12:28:04
464,58
5,090
0,538
0,106
Baltic Thunder
12:38:36
12:42:04
207,53
4,853
1,205
0,248
TurbiWin
12:43:55
12:45:49
114,25
4,781
2,188
0,458
Chinook
12:54:01
12:55:43
102,09
4,675
2,449
0,524
Inventus
12:56:00
Comment
No score
At the end of the day the results will be collected and the minimum number of races will
be set to determine if a team has raced the minimum of races for that day.
Note: The minimum number of races will be discussed during each captain’s meeting
previous to the racing day!
In the following table this will be presented:
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Baltic Thunder
Race #
Average
Name
Start at
Finish at
Time(s) WS avg Avg speed Ratio Race completed
2 Baltic Thunder 0,526806 0,529213 207,53
4,853
1,205
0,248 V
0,621665 0,624346 231,69
4,544
1,079
0,237 V
35 Baltic Thunder 0,683499 0,686028 218,56
5,287
1,144
0,216 V
4,514
1,115
X
21 Balic Thunder
9 Baltic Thunder
0,55947
0,562064 224,16
Chinook
Race #
Average
Name
Start at
Finish at
Time(s) WS avg Avg speed Ratio Race completed
30 Chinook
0,669139 0,669856
62,02
4,879
4,031
0,826 V
7 Chinook
0,554127 0,554959
71,89
4,916
3,477
0,707 V
27 Chinook
0,651923 0,652867
81,61
4,772
3,063
0,642 V
24 Chinook
0,63098
89,31
4,549
2,799
0,615 V
0,632014
Emden / Leer
Race #
No Score
0,6975
Average
Name
Start at
Finish at
Time(s) WS avg Avg speed Ratio Race completed
17 Emden/Leer
0,609863 0,613091 278,94
4,388
0,896
0,204 V
28 Emden/Leer
0,660518 0,663692
5,044
0,912
0,181 V
274,2
No Score
After having two race days the total results are determined by averaging the results of the two
days. Teams which have scores on two days will be placed in the A category. If a team has on
one of the two days a No Score (for instance they haven’t completed the necessary runs for
that day) they will be placed in Category B.
Teams who haven’t raced on both days will be placed in Category C.
The location in each category will depend on the average of the best results. For category C
the place will be depending on if a team manages to start or have actually driven a part of the
race. This will be determined by the event committee.
Nr.
Team
1
Anemo 4
2
Baltic Thunder
3
Chinook
4
Emden / Leer
5
InVentus
6
Friday results
Saturday results
Average both days
Average - rest
Average 4 days
Average 5 days
0,260
0,200
No Score
0,379
0,379
6
0,230
Place
3
0,698
No Score
0,698
5
No Score
0,368
0,368
7
0,518
0,519
Spirit of Amsterdam 1
No Score
0,261
7
Spirit of Amsterdam 2
0,119
0,262
0,190
4
8
TurbiTwin
0,490
0,594
0,542
1
9
Anemo High Voltage
No Score
No Score
No Score
11
10
WinDTUrbineracer
No Score
No Score
No Score
10
11
Anemo 5
No score
0,145
10
0,145
9
12
Bora ++
No Score
No Score
No Score
11
0,518
2
0,261
8
The final results will be presented as follows:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
10.2
TurbiTwin
InVentus
Anemo 4
Spirit of Amsterdam 2
Chinook
Baltic Thunder
Emden / Leer
Spirit of Amsterdam 1
Anemo 5
WinDTUrbineracer
Bora ++
Anemo High Voltage
Final Results
54,2%
51,8%
23,0%
19,0%
69,8%
37,9%
36,8%
26,1%
14,5%
No Score
No Score
No Score
World record 82.6 %
Did really start
Award for fastest run during Racing Aeolus 2014
We will introduce from this year on a special prize for the fastest run during the two days.
The ratio will be leading.
If a world record has been set it will not automatically will be recognized. As an extra rule
the car really should have driven against the wind and that means that the win direction on
the track shall be within + / - 15°. This means that if for instance the wind direction is
measured 45° on the track one can set the fastest time but then it will not be recognized as
a world record.
10.3
Award for most innovative car
During and after the race the team captains will select the most innovative car. This car
will receive a special award.
The rules for this award will be decided later. Suggestions are welcome!
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General
In case of any questions please contact Hans Verhoef (verhoef@ecn.nl)
Den Helder, July 17, 2014
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