CONTACT: Amber Cleveland
GreystonePartners/ 845.223.1950
amber@greystonepartners.net
Katie Pontius
OSRAM SYLVANIA/ 978.750.2895
Katie.pontius@sylvania.com
IMPACT OF LEGISLATION ON LIGHTING DESIGN – NEW
TECHNOLOGIES
Since the early 1990s, federal legislation and energy codes have had a
significant impact on the energy consumed by lighting in commercial buildings
in the United States. There have also been federal regulations passed to
ensure that mercury-containing lamps are properly disposed to minimize the
impact on the environment. Changes in the National Electric Code have been
made to ensure proper use of metal halide lamps.
Some of the key federal regulatory milestones affecting lighting are the Energy
Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992, the addition of lamps to the Universal Waste Rule
(UWR) in 2000, the Fluorescent Ballast Rule of 2000, and recent energy
regulations mandating ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-1999 as the minimum
standard for state energy codes. There has also been a recent change in the
National Electric Codes (NEC) effective January 1, 2005 requiring a
containment barrier (lens) on all metal halide fixtures unless a PROTECH
(Type – O) lamp is used for new construction or major renovation projects.
These regulations and codes continue to have a major impact on lighting
design, encouraging the use of newer technologies to achieve well-lighted
spaces. To help better understand these regulations and codes, an outline of
recent legislative actions and their detailed effect on the lighting industry can
be found below.
The Energy Policy Act of 1992
The Energy Policy Act of 1992 established minimum efficacy standards for 2foot U-shaped, 4-foot and 8-foot fluorescent lamps. Since full wattage versions
of T12 lamps on magnetic ballasts did not meet the minimum lamp efficacy
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Impact of Legislation on Lighting Design
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requirements, the F34T12 Cool White energy-saving lamp became the largest
seller as a replacement for the disallowed F40T12 Cool White lamp, but
resulted in up to a 13% loss in light output. Several facilities managers were
encouraged to retrofit to T8 systems, accelerating the demand for T8 lamps
and electronic ballasts. The EPAct also disallowed the use of incandescent
R30 and R40 lamps, shifting residential users to BR30 and BR40
incandescent lamps and retailers to halogen PAR lamps and to more compact
fluorescent.
The Universal Waste Rule
The Universal Waste Rule established new disposal standards for all mercurycontaining lamps based on whether the lamps meet the Federal Toxic
Characteristic Leachate Procedure (TCLP) requirements for classification as
hazardous or non-hazardous waste. If the lamps pass the TCLP test for
classification as non-hazardous waste (<0.2mg Hg/liter and <5 mg Pb/liter),
then the lamps can be disposed as a universal waste, which reduces
requirements for collection, transportation and record keeping. If lamps do not
pass the TCLP test, then they must be disposed as a hazardous waste. In
either case, mercury-containing lamps may not be disposed of as “regular”
trash. The user is responsible for proper disposal under this rule, so many
have chosen to recycle. The SYLVANIA ECOLOGIC® product line offers TCLP
compliant T4, T5, T8 and T12 fluorescent lamps and several incandescent,
halogen and HID lamps.
The Federal Ballast Rule
The Federal Ballast Rule of 2000 raises the minimum Ballast Efficacy Factors
(BEF) for T12 fluorescent ballasts, which effectively promotes the use of T8
lamp and ballast systems. The Federal Ballast Rule covers 2-foot U-shaped
Rapid Start, 4-foot Rapid Start, 8-foot Instant Start and 8-foot High Output T12
fluorescent ballasts. Ballast manufacturers cannot manufacturer T12 ballasts
for new luminaires after April 1, 2005. Luminaires cannot be sold with
magnetic ballasts after April 1, 2006. There is an exception for replacement of
T12 magnetic ballast for existing installations. These ballasts can be
manufactured until June 30, 2010, but must be marked “For Replacement Use
Only”, have shorter lead wires, be contained in packages not exceeding 10
ballasts and must meet the 1991 T12 magnetic BEF criteria.
ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1
ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1 energy standards have established maximum
lighting power density limits (watts per square-foot) for various building types,
limiting the power consumed by lighting in buildings. There are separate limits
for interior and exterior lighting and automatic lighting shut-off either using a
building control system or occupancy sensors is required for buildings larger
than 5000 square feet. States must adopt ASHRAE 90.1-1999 standard as a
minimum standard as of July 2004. Fifteen states have yet to adopt as of
January 2005, but 12 states have adopted the stricter ASHRAE 90.1 –2001
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Impact of Legislation on Lighting Design
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standards. California Title 24 is similar, but includes additional requirements
for daylighting and outdoor lighting. The use of new lighting technologies such
as higher lumen T5 and T8 lamps, ceramic metal halide, lower power high
efficiency electronic fluorescent ballasts and more efficient luminaires make it
possible to meet these standards without sacrificing lighting quality.
New SYLVANIA Lighting Technologies to Meet Today’s Lighting
Challenges:
Lighting designers face many challenges due to energy codes and
environmental regulations, but over the past decade manufacturers have
improved the efficiency of lighting systems by 30 to 60% and have reduced the
use of hazardous materials by up to 80%. These technological improvements
help lighting designers meet the new challenges of creating high quality visual
environments within regulatory constraints. Retailers can continue to use
accent lighting to highlight and draw attention to their merchandise. Building
owners can take advantage of natural light through the use of daylighting
techniques to help reduce operating costs and energy consumption or
incorporate building controls and occupancy sensors to turn off the lights when
spaces are unoccupied. Choosing the right fixture can also enhance the visual
environment.
Listed below are some of the newest lighting technologies that are available to
replace older technologies. Not only are these new lighting products more
efficient, but also many of them provide longer lamp life, better lumen
maintenance and higher color rendering characteristics (CRI)
Old
Lamp/Ballast System
New
Technology Options
1)
F34T12/CW/SS
Magnetic Ballast
OCTRON® 28W or 30W SS
on Low Power HE T8 Ballast
- Up to 48% Energy savings on
- Better CRI: 62 Vs 85
- Better lumen maintenance:
85% Vs 95%
- No flicker
2)
Standard IS T8 System
FO32/700 on QT-ISN
OCTRON® 32W XPS
on PSX Xtreme Ballast
- Up to 22% Energy Savings
- Better CRI: 75 Vs 85
- Twice the lamp life at 3hrs per start
15,000 Vs 30,000 hours
and 4000 Vs 20,000 hours life
at 15 minute starts – Ideal for
occupancy sensor applications
3)
DULUX L 40W
FT40DL/800 on IS Ballast
DULUX® L 28W SS
FT28DL/800/SS/IS
- Up to 12% Energy savings
- 100 LPW
- Longer lamp life: 15,000 Vs
20,000 hours @ 10 hours per
Benefits
start
4)
Incandescent 65W BR30
DURA-ONE™ 23W BR30
Medium base electrode-less
Fluorescent lamp
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- 65% Energy savings
- Higher lumens: 640 Vs 1100 lumens
- Longer life: 2000 Vs
15,000 hours average rated life
- Starts down to –20F
Impact of Legislation on Lighting Design
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Old
Lamp/Ballast System
New
Technology Options
5)
METALARC® CERAMIC
POWERBALL® 20W PAR30
HALOGEN
60W PAR30 or PAR38
Benefits
- 66% Energy savings
- Three times the lamp life:
3000 Vs 9000 hours average rated
life
- Higher CBCP
- Note: New fixture required
or
6)
Metal Halide M400U
CAPSYLITE® IR
50PAR30 IR
- 16% Energy Savings
- Direct replacement
METALARC® CERAMIC
- Highest Efficacy: 113 LPW
MCP320W/PS/940/BT37
- 20% Energy Savings
- Better lamp to lamp color
uniformity – less shift over life
- 85+ CRI
- Note: New fixture required
or
Multi-lamp T5HO (4 –6 lamps)
on 3/4-lamp switchable, 90C,
high temperature PS ballast
- Instant on/Instant restrike
- 22 to 44% Energy savings
additional energy savings if
occupancy installed
- 100,000+ starts
- Switchable system - turn off
half the lamps during offhours to save energy
- Better vertical lumens
- 82 CRI
- Note: New fixture required
7)
0-10V or Power-line
Dimming Ballasts
POWERSENSE™ Dimming
ballasts
- Compatible with 0-10V
or 2-wire power-line dimmers
- 100% -5% dimming ranges
- Use of 2-wire power-line
dimmer, simplifies wiring
especially for conference
rooms and private offices
- 0-10V dimmer required for
daylighting applications – one
ballast for all applications
- Line voltage protection circuit
8)
18-Cell 3-lamp T8
Parabolic Fixture
Lithonia RT5™ Fixture
“Volumetric” Lighting
with PENTRON PREMIER™
T5 System
- Uniform lighting of space
- Up to 33% Energy savings
- 100 LPW T5 lamp/ballast
system
- Bi-level switching option;
50% to 100%
- Recessed fixtures; 2X4, 2X2
& 1X4 available
- 89.9% fixture efficiency for
2x4
About OSRAM SYLVANIA:
Headquartered in Danvers, Mass., OSRAM SYLVANIA is the North American
lighting operation of OSRAM GmbH. Together we are the second-largest
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Impact of Legislation on Lighting Design
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lighting and materials enterprise in the world, serving customers in more than
140 countries. We manufacture and market a wide range of lighting products,
including automotive, electronic and magnetic ballasts, and precision materials
and components for industrial and commercial users, original equipment
manufacturers and consumers, sold primarily under the SYLVANIA brand
name, but also under the OSRAM brand. OSRAM SYLVANIA also offers
lighting systems installation and maintenance services. For further information,
please refer to our Web site at www.sylvania.com.
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