Coastal Processes—Geography 12 Exam
1. The diagrams above illustrate the formation of a(n)
A. arch and stack.
B. spit and headland.
C. cave and bayhead beach.
D. stack and coastal terrace.
2. Eroded materials from the cliff may be transported along the coast
by
A. abrasion.
B. deflation.
C. longshore drift.
D. chemical weathering.
3. Spits and tombolos are mainly the result of deposition by
A. wind.
B. rivers.
C. waves.
D. glaciers.
4. A coastal feature formed by abrasion and undercutting at the base of a cliff is a
A. beach.
B. headland.
C. recurved spit.
D. wave-cut platform.
5. Which diagram illustrates a fjord coastline (2nd pic from top)?
6. Feature Y (3rd pic from top) in the diagram to the right is a
A. stack.
B. headland.
C. rock pedestal.
D. volcanic neck.
7. Features X and Y (3rd pic from top) in the diagram to the right are the result of
A. corrosion and deflation.
B. attrition and deposition.
C. exfoliation and mass wastage.
D. hydraulic action and abrasion.
8. The coastal feature marked X (4th pic from top) in the diagram to the right is a(n)
A. sand spit.
B. barrier reef.
C. off-shore bar.
D. wave-cut terrace.
9. What is the direction of the longshore drift in the diagram (4thpic from top)?
A. southwest to northeast
B. northwest to southeast
C. southeast to northwest
D. northeast to southwest
11. Spits and tombolos are mainly the result of deposition by
A. wind.
B. rivers.
C. waves.
D. glaciers
12. The erosional processes that threaten the homes in the photograph (5th pic from top) are
A. attrition and deflation.
B. corrosion and traction.
C. corrasion and saltation.
D. abrasion and hydraulic action.
13. Identify the feature at X(6th pic from top) .
A. spit
B. esker
C. bayhead beach
D. terminal moraine
14. The erosional processes primarily responsible for shaping the coastal landscape in the photograph
are (last pic-bottom right of page):
A. plucking and deflation.
B. saltation and corrasion.
C. exfoliation and mass wasting.
D. hydraulic action and abrasion.
1
Short Answer:
1. Explain the following seashore terms: swash, backwash, longshore drift, and tombolo. Draw a diagram of a shoreline to demonstrate each of the terms. Use arrows to show
the direction of sand or water movement. (8 marks-4 marks for explanation/4 marks for diagram))
Use the following diagram (bottom) to answer question 2.
2 a. Name the erosional or depositional feature selected. (1mark)
b. With the aid of a clearly labelled diagram, explain how the coastal feature you have selected was formed. (3 marks)
2