Annex 4
C4 Restoration management of non-forest habitats
Prepared by Anna Leskovjanská and Tomáš Dražil
Borzov 2004 – situation before implication of restoration management
Site is located in cadaster area of village Vernár (cadaster number 582-part of). In elevation 1176 m above sea
level are located 6210 Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates FestucoBrometalia and priority grasslands 6230* Species-rich Nardus grasslands, on siliceous substrates in mountain
areas and submountain areas in continental Europe with occurrence of several rare species like Pseudorchis
albida, Poa chaixii, Viola sudetica.
Borzov 2004 – restoration management was realized on are 2.83 ha. Before mowing, trees and shrubs were
cutted up to the soil surface. Management was realized by private contractor Ludmila Petrovicova
Borzov 2005 – situation before implication of restoration management
Site is located in cadaster area of village Vernár (cadaster number 1682-part of). In elevation 1176 m above sea
level are located 6210 Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates FestucoBrometalia and priority grasslands 6230* Species-rich Nardus grasslands. Site was overgrown by spruce trees
mainly.
Borzov 2005 – local Hunters Association Javor – Vernár, removed spruce trees from area of 7 ha and wood
remnants were burned out.
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Site location
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Javorina 2005 – Site is located in cadaster area of village Vernár (cadaster number 582-part of). In elevation
1185 m above sea level are located grassland following Natura 2000 habitats:
6210 Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates Festuco-Brometalia
6190 Rupicolous pannonic grasslands (Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis, with occurrence of many rare and threatened
species as Anacamptis pyramidalis, Hieracium aurantiacum, Gentianella praecox, Crocus discolor, Lilium
bulbiferum.
Javorina 2005 – hay removal from the site. Private contractor Ludmila Petrovicova realized mowing on area
5.7 ha
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Javorina 2005 – cutting of trees was realized as well and soil surface was aligning on area of 2.5 ha
Site location
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Kopanec grasslands 2004 and 2005
The big attention was paid to securing of sustainable management for calcareous species rich grasslands,
belonging to hot-spots concerning the species richness in Europe. The Kopanec locality covers an area of 150 ha
of semi-natural mountain grasslands with an extremely high number of species. Small-scale species diversity is
extremely high in the locality – a maximum of 75 species of vascular plants/m2 and 106 species/25 m2 (Stanová
et al. ined.). Grasslands were not managed for 40 years, due to big distance from the settled areas. Following the
economic and political upheaval of the 1990s and the subsequent transformation to a free market economy,
associated problems appeared. In particular, economic restructuring also led to a significant decline in livestock
numbers followed by widespread abandonment of semi-natural grasslands. In spite of mass farmland
abandonment, Kopanec grasslands remain rich in biodiversity. Big scale restoration management was
introduced, including tree removal, trunk cutting up to the soil surface and restoration mowing of abandoned
grasslands.
Complex of Kopanec grasslands is located in cadaster area of village Vernár (cadaster number 582-part of).
Following Natura 2000 habitats are located there:
6210* Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates Festuco-Brometalia (important
orchid sites)
6210 Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates Festuco-Brometalia
6230*Species-rich Nardus grasslands, on siliceous substrates in mountain areas and submountain areas in
continental Europe
7230 Alkaline fens
From nationally important grasslands, location of Eutrophic humid grasslands (Calthion) was recorded.
Following rare species were recorded Lilium bulbiferum, Crocus discolor, Dactylorhiza sambucina,
Dactylorhiza majalis, Crepis praemorsa.
Kopanec – Hlaváčová dolina (valley) after restoration mowing
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Kopanec – grasslands in Kopanec settle are regularly managed from 1998
Kopanec 2004 – restoration mowing after 30-years of abandonment
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Kopanec – secondary succession on sites after cutting of trees
Kopanec 2004 – trunk cutting up to the soil surface to allow regular mowing.
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Kopanec – Hlaváčová dolina – grasslands were mown on area of 20 ha and biomass was removed. Part covered
by trees was cleaned and prepared for mowing.
Kopanec2004 –before restoration mowing with dominance of grass Calamagrostis arundinacea, which is
suppressing all flowering species.
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Kopanec 2004 –after restoration mowing. Result was visible in 2005 already, when number of flowering species
was increased at the expense of grasses (Calamagrostis arundinacea, C. varia)
Kopanec optimum – species rich calcareous grasslands with occurrence of 74 species per m².
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Kopanec2005 – collected hay was removed from the site.
Site location
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Vernárske lúky 2005 – grasslands were mown by Agricultural farm Hranovnica in years 2004 and 2005 to allow
restoration of natural communities.
Vernárske lúky 2005 – grasslands after mowing and hay collection. Works were done by Agricultural farm
Hranovnica.
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