1st Disease - Measles - Paramyxovirus
The characteristic measles rash is classically described as a generalized,
maculopapular, erythematous rash that begins several days after the fever starts.
It starts on the head before spreading to cover most of the body, often causing
itching. The rash is said to "stain", changing colour from red to dark brown,
before disappearing.[citation needed]
2nd Disease - Scarlet Fever - Strep pyogenes
The rash is the most striking sign of scarlet fever. It usually begins looking like a
bad sunburn with tiny bumps, and it may itch. The rash usually appears first on
the neck and face, often leaving a clear unaffected area around the mouth. It
spreads to the chest and back, then to the rest of the body. In body creases,
especially around the underarms and elbows, the rash forms classic red streaks
(on very dark skin, the streaks may appear darker than the rest of the skin).
Areas of rash usually turn white (or paler brown, with dark complected skin) when
you press on them. By the sixth day of the infection the rash usually fades, but
the affected skin may begin to peel.
3rd Disease - Rubella - Rubella virus
The primary symptom of rubella virus infection is the appearance of a rash
(exanthem) on the face which spreads to the trunk and limbs and usually fades
after three days (that is why it is often referred to as three-day measles). The
facial rash usually clears as it spreads to other
parts of the body. Other symptoms include low
grade fever, swollen glands (sub occipital &
posterior cervical lymphadenopathy), joint pains,
headache and conjunctivitis.[6] The swollen
glands or lymph nodes can persist for up to a
week and the fever rarely rises above 38 oC
(100.4 oF). The rash of German measles is
typically pink or light red. The rash causes
itching and often lasts for about three days. The
rash disappears after a few days with no staining
or peeling of the skin. When the rash clears up,
the patient may notice that his skin sheds in very
small flakes wherever the rash covered it.
Forchheimer's sign occurs in 20% of cases, and
is characterized by small, red papules on the
area of the soft palate.
Congenital Rubella
The syndrome (CRS) follows intrauterine infection by Rubella virus and
comprises cardiac, cerebral, ophthalmic and auditory defects.[7] It may also
cause prematurity, low birth weight, and neonatal thrombocytopenia, anaemia
and hepatitis. The risk of major defects or organogenesis is highest for infection
in the first trimester. CRS is the main reason a vaccine for rubella was
developed. Many mothers who contract rubella within the first critical trimester
either have a miscarriage or a still born baby. If the baby survives the infection, it
can be born with severe heart disorders (PDA being the most common),
blindness, deafness, or other life threatening organ disorders. The skin
manifestations are called "blueberry muffin lesions."
4th Disease - Duke's disease (Obsolete); Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome ?
5th Disease - Erythema Infectiosum - Slapped
cheek (Parvovirus)
Bright red cheeks are a defining symptom of the
infection in children (hence the name "slapped
cheek disease"). Occasionally the rash will
extend over the bridge of the nose or around the
mouth. In addition to red cheeks, children often
develop a red, lacy rash on the rest of the body,
with the upper arms and legs being the most
common locations. The rash typically lasts a
couple of days and may itch; some cases have
been known to last for several weeks. Patients
are usually no longer infectious once the rash
has appeared.
6th disease - Roseola (human herpesviruses, HHV-6 (Human Herpesvirus Six)
and HHV-7,) - Exanthema subitum. Typically the disease affects a child between
six months and two years of age, and begins with a sudden high fever (39–40
°C). This can cause, in rare cases, febrile convulsions (also known as febrile
seizures or "fever fits") due to the sudden rise in body temperature, but in many
cases the child appears and acts normal. After a few days the fever subsides,
and just as the child appears to be recovering, a red rash appears. This usually
begins on the trunk, spreading to the legs and neck. The rash is not itchy and
may last 1 to 2 days.[