QUIZ #7
Core Geology 3.32
1. _______ is the type of weathering in the figure below.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Frost wedging
Exfoliation
Dissolution
Ion exchange
Oxidation
2. The figure below shows a stream with a high _______.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
bedload
suspended load
saltated load
floodplain
levee
3. A _______ involves a rotational movement of rock or regolith.
A) fall
B) creep
C) flow
D) slump
E) slides
True/False
4. Anthropogenic sulfur and nitrogen contribute to chemical weathering. TRUE
5. The large boulders in the figure below are an example of mechanical weathering. TRUE
Short Essay
6. What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering is the entire group of processes that break down rock mechanically and physically by
water, air, and biological organisms. Erosion is the wearing away of rock and the transport of
sediment by means of air or water.
7. Explain the primary difference between mechanical weathering and chemical weathering?
Mechanical weathering breaks pre-existing rocks down into smaller particles and chemical
weathering changes rocks through by chemical reactions.
8. Explain the similarities and differences between root wedging and frost wedging.
Both processes are types of mechanical weathering and they result in the splitting of rocks. In
root wedging, the rocks are split apart by roots and in frost wedging the rocks are split by the
freezing and thawing of water.
9. Discuss the similarities and the differences between bedload, suspended load, and dissolved
load.
All of these types of grains are moved by water, primarily streams. Bedload is the large
sediment that travels along the floor of the stream. Suspended load is the sediment that is carried
in the water column, and dissolved load is the soluble materials released by chemical weathering.
10. Discuss a basic soil profile.
Although all soil profiles are different, the ideal soil profile has several layers. The top layer is
the O-layer, which is a layer of organic material, also known as topsoil. The next two layers, the
A and E layers, are known as the zone of leeching, where percolating water removes vital
nutrients. The B-layer is the zone of accumulation, which is where the nutrients are deposited,
and finally, the C-layer is the lowermost layer that is 1 2 soil, 1 2 eroded bedrock.
11. By looking in the figure below, why do forests have a larger O-layer than grasslands and
deserts?
The O-layer is the layer of organic rich matter that is found on top of the soil sequence. Forests
have a larger O-layer because they are constantly supplied with leaf litter, which lays on the
forest floor and decays, providing a renewed source of organic material.
Fill-In-The-Blank
12. In the figure below, this form of chemical weathering is known as the ________.
Chemical Dissolution
13. In the figure below, these _______ were formed by the mechanical erosion of glaciers.
Grooves and/or striations
14. Atmospheric water that reacts with anthropogenic sulfur and nitrogen is called _______.
Acid rain