WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
International Civil Aviation Organization
20/12/07
WORKING PAPER
WORLD AREA FORECAST SYSTEM OPERATIONS GROUP (WAFSOPSG)
FOURTH MEETING
Cairo, Egypt, 26 to 28 February 2008
Agenda Item 4: Review of ICAO provisions related to WAFS
4.1; Review of ANP/FASID procedures
4.2: Review of draft Amendment 75 to Annex 3 related to WAFS
UPDATES TO ICAO PROVISIONS IN ANNEX 3 AND ANP/FASID
(Presented by the Secretary)
SUMMARY
This paper reviews the ICAO provisions and proposes updates thereto, as
necessary.
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
The group will recall that it is tasked to review the regional procedures contained in the
ANP/FASID at every meeting. The group is also invited to review the draft amendment to WAFS-related
provisions in Annex 3 — Meteorological Service for International Air Navigation, for inclusion in
Amendment 75 with the applicability in 2010.
2.
REVIEW OF ANP/FASID PROCEDURES
2.1
The group will note that a draft amendment to the global version of the ANP/FASID
procedures related to WAFS has been developed by the Secretariat (Appendix A refers). In addition to a
few editorials, it will introduce a reference to the new gridded forecasts of cumulonimbus clouds, icing
and turbulence.
2.2
The group is invited to review these procedures and propose amendments, as necessary.
The group may wish to formulate the following conclusion:
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Conclusion 4/... — Amendment to WAFS-related regional
procedures in the ANP/FASID
That, the Secretariat forward the WAFS-related regional procedures as
shown in Appendix1.... to this report to the ICAO Regional Offices
concerned for onward transmission to States for comment, as necessary
in view of their early inclusion in ANP/FASID concerned.
3.
DRAFT AMENDMENT TO ANNEX 3
3.1
The group will recall that, in view of the three-year amendment cycle of Annex 3, it is
expected to review WAFS-related amendments thereto at every second WAFSOPSG meeting. The
Secretariat has prepared a draft amendment to Annex 3 based on the progress made by the group
(Appendix B to this working paper refers). The proposed amendment relates to the following areas:
a) improvements in the spatial and temporal resolution of WAFS forecasts in the GRIB
code form;
b) increase of the lead time for issuance of SIGWX forecasts;
c) introduction of WAFS forecasts for cumulonimbus clouds, icing and turbulence in
the GRIB code form;
d) simplifications to the content of SIGWX forecasts by eliminating the following
elements already available from other sources:
1) volcanic ash symbol (reason: issuance of volcanic ash advisories fully
implemented);
2) tropical cyclone symbol (reasons: issuance of tropical cyclone advisories fully
implemented; the associated cumulonimbus clouds to be retained);
3) squall line symbol (reason: the associated cumulonimbus clouds to be retained);
4) sandstorm/duststorm (reasons: information available through SIGMET messages;
these phenomena never included in SIGWX forecasts); and
5) radioactive material (reason: direct and timely notification of the area control
centre(s) concerned through VAAC London to be implemented by 2010); and
e) elimination of the requirement to indicate, subject to regional air navigation
agreement, the areas of flight documentation available at international aerodromes
(reason: information with global coverage provided through WAFS);
1
The draft procedures are at Appendix A to this working paper.
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WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
f) deletion of amendments to WAFS forecasts (reason: in view of the improvements in
the quality and temporal resolutions, such amendments no longer justified); and
g) editorial improvements (including elimination of redundant, repetitive provisions in
Chapter 9 and Appendix 8).
3.2
The group will note that items a) to c) will be addressed under Agenda Items 6.1 to 6.3,
respectively and that any changes stemming from the discussions under those agenda items would have to
be reflected in the final version of the draft amendment. It may be further noted that the nature of the
GRIB code (i.e. GRIB1 versus GRIB2) is not reflected in Annex 3 and that therefore, the introduction of
the GRIB2 code form, needs not be included in this amendment.
3.3
With regard to the eliminating of the elements from SIGWX forecasts (listed under subparagraph d) above), the group will note that the WAFC Provider States would continue issuing the
corresponding BUFR bulletins; however, such bulletins would be empty, i.e. containing no data, as of
November 2010. The group will recall that a similar procedure was followed when implementing
Amendment 74 (which included the elimination of surface features from the SIGWX forecasts); this
approach will ensure that a vast majority of WAFS users can continue using their BUFR conversion
software without a need for any upgrades.
3.4
The group is invited to review the draft amendment in Appendix B and formulate the
following conclusion:
RSPP
Conclusion 4/... — Amendment to Annex 3
That, the proposal to amend Annex 3 — Meteorological Service for
International Air Navigation given in Appendix2.... to this report be included
as part of Amendment 75 to Annex 3.
3.5
The group may wish to note that references to the display of the new gridded forecasts of
cumulonimbus clouds, icing, and clear-air and in-cloud turbulence in Appendix 1 to Annex 3 are made in
the draft provisions. Therefore, the group will consider it necessary that model charts related to the
display of these new forecasts be developed. Since Appendix 1 to Annex 3, which is the responsibility of
WMO, in accordance with the Working Arrangements between the International Civil Aviation
Organization and the World Meteorological Organization (Doc 7475), is not circulated to States for
comment, this work can be completed by the WAFSOPSG/5 Meeting. The group is invited to formulate
the following conclusion:
2
The draft provisions are at Appendix B to this working paper.
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Conclusion 4/ — Development of model charts related to the
new gridded WAFS forecasts
That, the WAFC Provider States, in close coordination with the
WAFSOPSG Member from WMO, be invited to develop model
charts related to the new gridded WAFS forecasts of
cumulonimbus clouds, icing and clear-air and in-cloud
turbulence for review by the WAFSOPSG/5 Meeting.
Note. — These model charts would be included in
Appendix 1 to Annex 3 as part of Amendment 75.
4.
4.1
ACTION BY THE WAFSOPSG
The group is invited to: to:
a) note the information in this paper; and
b) decide on the draft conclusions proposed for the group’s consideration.
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WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
Appendix A
APPENDIX A
DRAFT REGIONAL PROVISIONS IN THE ANP/FASID
BASIC ANP
World area forecast system (WAFS)
(FASID Tables MET 5, MET 6 and MET 7)
1.
FASID Table MET 5 sets out the [AFI, ASIA/PAC, CAR/SAM, EUR, MID, NAT]
Region[s] requirements for WAFS forecasts to be provided by WAFC [London, Washington].
[WAFSOPSG Conclusion 1/2]
2.
FASID Table MET 6 sets out the responsibilities of WAFCs London and Washington for
the production of WAFS forecasts. For back-up purposes, each WAFC should have the capability to
produce WAFS forecasts for all the required areas of coverage. [WAFSOPSG Conclusion 1/2]
3.
WAFS forecasts should be disseminated by WAFC [London, Washington] using the
[satellite distribution system for information relating to air navigation (SADIS), international satellite
communications system (ISCS1, ISCS2)] covering the reception area shown in FASID Chart CNS [4].
[WAFSOPSG Conclusion 4/…]
4.
Each State should make the necessary arrangements to receive and make full operational
use of WAFS forecasts disseminated by WAFC [London, Washington]. FASID Table MET 7 lists the
authorized users of the [SADIS, ISCS1, ISCS2] satellite broadcast in the [AFI, ASIA/PAC, CAR/SAM,
EUR, MID, NAT] Region[s] and location of the operational VSATs. [WAFSOPSG Conclusion 4/…]
WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
Appendix A
A-2
FASID
World area forecast system (WAFS)
(FASID Tables MET 5, MET 6 and MET 7)
1.
FASID Table MET 5 sets out the [AFI, ASIA/PAC, CAR/SAM, EUR, MID, NAT]
Region[s] requirements for WAFS forecasts, to be provided by WAFC [London, Washington].
2.
FASID Table MET 6 sets out the responsibilities of WAFCs London and Washington for
the production of WAFS forecasts.
3.
FASID Table MET 7 lists the authorized users of the [SADIS, ISCS1, ISCS2] satellite
broadcast in the [AFI, ASIA/PAC, CAR/SAM, EUR, MID, NAT] Region[s] and location of the
operational VSATs. The table is included in the FASID for information purposes and kept up-to-date by
the Regional Offices concerned.
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A-3
Appendix A
FASID TABLE MET 5 — REQUIREMENTS FOR WAFS FORECASTS
EXPLANATION OF THE TABLE
Column
1.
WAFS forecasts required by the [AFI, ASIA/PAC, CAR/SAM, EUR, MID, NAT] States, to be
provided by WAFC [London, Washington].
2.
Area of coverage required for the WAFS
Washington].
forecasts, to be provided by WAFC [London,
FORECAST REQUIRED
AREAS REQUIRED
1
2
SWH forecasts (FL 250-630) in the BUFR code form
GLOBAL
SWM forecasts (FL 100-250) in the BUFR code form
[NIL or ASIA SOUTH, EUR, MID, NAT]
Forecasts of upper-air wind, temperature and humidity,
cumulonimbus clouds, icing, and clear-air and in-cloud
turbulence and of altitude of flight levels in the GRIB
code form
GLOBAL
Note 1.— SWM forecasts are provided for limited geographical areas as determined by regional air
navigation agreement.
Note 2.— WAFCs will continue to issue forecasts of SIGWX in PNG chart form for back-up purposes for
fixed areas of coverage as specified in Annex 3.
Note 3.— Forecasts of cumulonimbus clouds, icing, and clear-air and in-cloud turbulence are
experimental forecasts which are expected to become fully operational by the end of 2009.
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A-4
Appendix A
FASID TABLE MET 6 —
RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE WORLD AREA FORECAST CENTRES
EXPLANATION OF THE TABLE
Column
1
Name of the world area forecast centre (WAFC).
2
Area of coverage of significant weather (SIGWX) forecasts in the BUFR code form
prepared or relayed by the WAFC in Column 1.
3
Area of coverage of forecasts of upper-air wind, temperature, cumulonimbus clouds,
icing, clear-air and in-cloud turbulence, and humidity, and of altitude of flight levels in
the GRIB code form issued by the WAFC in Column 1.
Areas of coverage of
WAFC
SIGWX forecasts
1
Forecasts of upper-air wind, temperature,
cumulonimbus clouds, icing, and clear-air
and in-cloud turbulence, humidity, and of
altitude of flight levels
In the BUFR code form
In the GRIB code form
2
3
London
SWH (FL 250 - 630): global
SWM (FL 100 - 250):ASIA SOUTH, EUR and MID
Global
Washington
SWH (FL 250 - 630): global
SWM (FL 100- 250): NAT
Global
Note 4.— WAFCs continue to issue forecasts of SIGWX in PNG chart form for back-up purposes for
fixed areas of coverage as specified in Annex 3.
Note 5.— Forecasts of cumulonimbus clouds, icing, and clear-air and in-cloud turbulence are
experimental products which are expected to become fully operational by the end of 2009.
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A-5
Appendix A
FASID TABLE MET 7 —
AUTHORIZED USERS OF THE [SADIS, ISCS1, ISCS2] SATELLITE BROADCAST AND THE
INTERNET-BASED WAFS FTP SERVICE IN THE [AFI, ASIA/PAC, CAR/SAM, EUR, MID,
NAT] REGION[S]
EXPLANATION OF THE TABLE
Column
1.
Name of the State or territory.
2.
User of the satellite broadcast. Abbreviations used:
CAA — civil aviation authority
NMS — national meteorological service
O — other than the civil aviation authority or the national meteorological service.
3.
Location of VSAT: town and, where applicable, aerodrome to be indicated.
4.
Indication whether the equipment is operational:
2w —
1w —
F —
[blank]
two-way VSAT operational
one-way VSAT operational
only Internet-based FTP service
— no.
[Satellite Distribution System for Information Relating to Air Navigation (SADIS) , International Satellite Communication
System (ISCS1, ISCS2)] provided by the [United Kingdom, United States]
State/Territory
1
User of satellite
Broadcast
Location of VSAT
Equipment
operational
2
3
4
Editorial Note.— The content of the FASID Table MET 7 is to be kept up-to-date by the PIRGs and
regional offices concerned.
————————
…..
WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
Appendix B
APPENDIX B
PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
AND RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE
FOR INTERNATIONAL AIR NAVIGATION
ANNEX 3
TO THE CONVENTION OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION
SIXTEENTH EDITION — JULY 2007
PART I.
CORE SARPs
...
CHAPTER 3. WORLD AREA FORECAST SYSTEM
AND METEOROLOGICAL OFFICES
...
3.2
World area forecast centres
3.2.1 A Contracting State, having accepted the responsibility for providing a WAFC within the
framework of the world area forecast system, shall arrange for that centre:
a) to prepare for grid points for all required levels global forecasts of:
1) upper wind;
2) upper-air temperature and humidity;
3) geopotential altitude of flight levels;
4) flight level and temperature of tropopause;
5) direction, speed and flight level of maximum wind;
6) cumulonimbus clouds;
7) icing; and
WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
B-2
Appendix B
8) clear-air and in-cloud turbulence;
b) to prepare global forecasts of significant weather (SIGWX) phenomena; and
c) to issue the forecasts referred to in a) and b) in digital form to meteorological authorities and
other users, as approved by the Contracting State on advice from the meteorological authority.
...
3.3
Meteorological offices
...
Editorial Note.— Renumber the subsequent paragraphs accordingly.
...
3.5
Volcanic ash advisory centres
3.5.1 A Contracting State, having accepted, by regional air navigation agreement, the responsibility
for providing a VAAC within the framework of the international airways volcano watch, shall arrange for
that centre to respond to a notification that a volcano has erupted, or is expected to erupt or volcanic ash is
reported in its area of responsibility, by arranging for that centre to:
...
c) issue advisory information regarding the extent and forecast movement of the volcanic ash
“cloud” to:
1) meteorological watch offices, area control centres and flight information centres serving
flight information regions in its area of responsibility which may be affected;
2) other VAACs whose areas of responsibility may be affected;
3) international OPMET databanks, international NOTAM offices, and centres designated by
regional air navigation agreement for the operation of aeronautical fixed service satellite
distribution systems; and
...
CHAPTER 9. SERVICE FOR OPERATORS
AND FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS
WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
B-3
Appendix B
...
9.1
General provisions
...
9.1.3 Meteorological information supplied to operators and flight crew members shall be up to date
and include the following information, as established by meteorological authority in consultation with
operators concerned:
a) forecasts of
1) upper wind and upper-air temperature;
...
6) SIGWX phenomena;
Note 1.— Forecasts of SIGWX phenomena may be provided either as upper-air gridded
forecasts or as SIGWX forecasts, in accordance with Appendix 2.
Note 2.— Forecasts of upper-air humidity and geopotential altitude of flight levels are used
only in automatic flight planning and need not be displayed.
...
e) SIGMET information and appropriate special air-reports relevant to the whole route;
Note.— Appropriate special air-reports will be those not already used in the preparation of
SIGMET.
f) volcanic ash and tropical cyclone advisory information;
Editorial Note.— Renumber the sub-paragraphs accordingly.
...
9.1.7 When forecasts of upper wind and upper-air temperature listed under 9.1.3 a) 1) are supplied
in chart form, they shall be fixed time prognostic charts for flight levels as specified in Appendix 2, 1.2.2
a). When forecasts of SIGWX phenomena listed under 9.1.3 a) 6) are supplied in chart form, they shall be
fixed time prognostic charts as specified in Appendix 2, 1.2.2 e), f), g) and 1.3.2, and Appendix 5, 4.3.2.
...
9.1.10 The meteorological office associated with the aerodrome of departure shall provide, or
arrange the provision of, information to operators and flight crew members at the location to be
determined by the meteorological authority, after consultation with the operators and at the time to be
agreed upon between the meteorological office and the operator concerned. The service for pre-flight
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Appendix B
planning shall be confined to flights originating within the territory of the State concerned. In exceptional
circumstances, such as an undue delay, the meteorological office associated with the aerodrome shall
provide, or arrange for the provision of, updated meteorological information, as necessary.
9.2 Briefing, consultation and display
...
9.2.2
Meteorological information used for briefing, consultation and display shall be readily
accessible to the flight crew members or other flight operations personnel, and include any or all of the
information listed in 9.1.3.
...
9.3 Flight documentation
Note.— The requirements for the use of automated pre-flight information systems in providing flight
documentation are given in 9.4.
9.3.1 Flight documentation to be made available shall comprise information listed under 9.1.3 a) 1)
and 6), b), c), e), f) and, if appropriate, g). However, when agreed between the meteorological authority
and operator concerned, flight documentation for flights of two hours’ duration or less, after a short stop
or turnaround, shall be limited to the information operationally needed, but in all cases the flight
documentation shall at least comprise information on 9.1.3 b), c), e) f) and, if appropriate, g).
...
APPENDIX 2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS RELATED
TO WORLD AREA FORECAST SYSTEM
AND METEOROLOGICAL OFFICES
(See Chapter 3 of this Annex.)
1.
WORLD AREA FORECAST SYSTEM
1.1 Formats and codes
WAFCs shall adopt uniform formats and codes for the supply of forecasts.
1.2
Upper-air gridded forecasts
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Appendix B
1.2.1 The forecasts of upper wind; upper-air temperature; and humidity; direction, speed and flight
level of maximum wind; flight level and temperature of tropopause, cumulonimbus clouds, icing, clear-air
and in-cloud turbulence, and geopotential altitude of flight levels shall be prepared four times a day by a
WAFC and shall be valid for fixed valid times at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33 and 36 hours after the
time (0000, 0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC) of the synoptic data on which the forecasts were based. The
dissemination of each forecast shall be in the above order and shall be completed as soon as technically
feasible but not later than 6 hours after standard time of observation.
1.2.2 The grid point forecasts prepared by a WAFC shall comprise:
a) wind and temperature data for flight levels 50 (850 hPa), 100 (700 hPa), 140 (600 hPa), 180 (500
hPa), 240 (400 hPa), 300 (300 hPa), 320 (275 hPa), 340 (250 hPa), 360 (225 hPa), 390 (200 hPa),
450 (150 hPa), and 530 (100 hPa);
b) flight level and temperature of tropopause;
c) direction, speed and flight level of maximum wind;
d) humidity data for flight levels 50 (850 hPa), 100 (700 hPa), 140 (600 hPa) and 180 (500 hPa);
e) horizontal extent and flight levels of base and top of cumulonimbus clouds;
f) icing for flight levels 50 (850 hPa), 100 (700 hPa), 140 (600 hPa), 180 (500 hPa), 240 (400 hPa),
300 (300 hPa);
g) clear-air turbulence for flight levels 240 (400 hPa), 300 (300 hPa), 320 (275 hPa), 340 (250 hPa),
360 (225 hPa), 390 (200 hPa) and 450 (150 hPa), and 530 (100 hPa);
h) in-cloud turbulence for flight levels 100 (700 hPa), 140 (600 hPa), 180 (500 hPa), 240 (400 hPa),
300 (300 hPa);and
i)
geopotential altitude data for flight levels 50 (850 hPa), 100 (700 hPa), 140 (600 hPa), 180 (500
hPa), 240 (400 hPa), 300 (300 hPa), 340 (250 hPa), 390 (200 hPa), 450 (150 hPa) and 530 (100
hPa).
...
1.2.4 The foregoing grid point forecasts shall be prepared by a WAFC in a regular grid with a
horizontal resolution of 1.25° of latitude and longitude.
1.3 Significant weather (SIGWX) forecasts
1.3.1 General provisions
1.3.1.1 Forecasts of significant en-route weather phenomena shall be prepared as SIGWX forecasts
four times a day by a WAFC and shall be valid for fixed valid times at 24 hours after the time (0000,
0600, 1200 and 1800 UTC) of the synoptic data on which the forecasts were based. The dissemination of
WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
B-6
Appendix B
each forecast shall be completed as soon as technically feasible but not later than 9 hours after standard
time of observation.
...
1.3.2 Types of SIGWX forecasts
SIGWX forecasts shall be issued as high-level SIGWX forecasts for flight levels between 250 and 630.
Note. — Medium-level SIGWX forecasts for flight levels between 100 and 250 for limited
geographical areas will continue to be issued until the year 2013.
1.3.3
Items included in SIGWX forecasts
High-level SIGWX forecasts shall include the following items:
a) moderate or severe turbulence (in cloud or clear air);
b) moderate or severe icing;
c) cumulonimbus clouds associated with thunderstorms, tropical cyclones and severe squall lines;
Note. ― Non-convective cloud areas associated with in-cloud moderate or severe turbulence
and/or moderate or severe icing are to be included in the SIGWX forecasts.
d) flight level of tropopause;
e) jet streams; and
f) a reminder to users to check SIGMET, advisories, ASHTAM and NOTAM for volcanic ash.
Note 1.— Medium-level SIGWX forecasts include the items a) to f) above; and
Note 2.— Items to be included in low-level SIGWX forecasts (i.e. flight levels below 100) are
included in Appendix 5.
1.3.4
Criteria for including items in SIGWX forecasts
The following criteria shall be applied for SIGWX forecasts:
a) items a) toc) in 1.3.3 shall only be included if expected to occur between the lower and upper
level of the SIGWX forecast;
b) the abbreviation “CB” shall only be included when it refers to the occurrence or expected
WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
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Appendix B
occurrence of cumulonimbus clouds:
1) affecting an area with a maximum spatial coverage of 50 per cent or more of the area
concerned;
2) along a line with little or no space between individual clouds; or
3) embedded in cloud layers or concealed by haze; and
c) the inclusion of “CB” shall be understood to include all weather phenomena normally associated
with cumulonimbus clouds, i.e. thunderstorm, moderate or severe icing, moderate or severe
turbulence and hail.
2.
METEOROLOGICAL OFFICES
2.1 Use of WAFS products
...
2.1.2 In order to ensure uniformity and standardization of flight documentation, the WAFS GRIB
and, where required, BUFR data received shall be decoded into standard WAFS charts in accordance with
relevant provisions in this Annex, and the meteorological content and identification of the originator of
the WAFS forecasts shall not be amended.
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Appendix B
2.2
Notification of WAFC concerning significant discrepancies
Meteorological offices using WAFS BUFR data shall notify the WAFC concerned immediately if
significant discrepancies are detected or reported in respect of WAFS SIGWX forecasts concerning icing,
turbulence, cumulonimbus clouds that are obscured, frequent, embedded or occurring along a line
The WAFC receiving the message shall acknowledge its receipt to the originator, together with a brief
comment on the report and any action taken, using the same means of communication employed by the
originator.
Note.— Guidance on reporting significant discrepancies is provided in the Manual of Aeronautical
Meteorological Practice (Doc 8896).
...
APPENDIX 8. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS RELATED
TO SERVICE FOR OPERATORS AND FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS
(See Chapter 9 of this Annex.)
...
2. SPECIFICATIONS RELATED TO INFORMATION FOR
PRE-FLIGHT PLANNING AND IN-FLIGHT RE-PLANNING
2.1 Format of upper-air gridded information
Upper-air gridded information supplied by WAFCs for pre-flight and in-flight re-planning shall be in the
GRIB code form.
Note.— The GRIB code form is contained in WMO Publication No. 306, Manual on Codes, Volume
I.2, Part B — Binary Codes.
...
Editorial Note.— Renumber the subsequent paragraph accordingly.
43
SPECIFICATIONS RELATED TO FLIGHT DOCUMENTATION
3.1 Presentation of information
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Appendix B
3.1.1 The flight documentation related to forecasts of upper wind and upper-air temperature, incloud and clear-air turbulence, icing and cumulonimbus clouds and SIGWX phenomena shall be
presented in the form of charts. For low-level flights, alternatively, GAMET area forecasts shall be used.
Note.— Models of charts and forms for use in the preparation of flight documentation are given in
Appendix 1. These models and methods for their completion are developed by the World Meteorological
Organization on the basis of relevant operational requirements stated by the International Civil Aviation
Organization.
3.1.2 METAR and SPECI (including trend forecasts as issued in accordance with regional air
navigation agreement), TAF, GAMET, SIGMET, AIRMET and volcanic ash and tropical cyclone
advisory information shall be presented in accordance with the templates in Appendices 2, 3, 5 and 6,
respectively. Such meteorological information received from other meteorological offices shall be
included in flight documentation without change.
Note.— Examples of the form of presentation of METAR/SPECI and TAF are given in Appendix 1.
...
3.2
Charts in flight documentation
3.2.1 Characteristics of charts
...
3.2.1.2 Meteorological information included in flight documentation shall be represented as
follows:
...
c) wind and temperature data selected from the data sets received from a world area forecast centre
shall be depicted in a sufficiently dense latitude/longitude grid;
d) wind arrows shall take precedence over temperatures and either shall take precedence over chart
background; and
e) clear-air and in-cloud turbulence, icing and convective clouds data received from a world area
forecast centre shall be depicted in terms of areas likely to be affected by these phenomena.
...
3.2.2
Set of charts to be provided
3.2.2.1 The minimum number of charts for flights between flight level 250 and flight level 630 shall
include:
a) forecast 250 hPa clear-air turbulence and horizontal extent of cumulonimbus clouds
or a high-level SIGWX chart (flight level 250 to flight level 630); and
WAFSOPSG/4-WP/03
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Appendix B
b) a forecast 250 hPa wind and temperature chart.
The actual charts provided for pre-flight and in-flight planning and for flight documentation shall be as
agreed between meteorological authorities and users concerned.
...
5. SPECIFICATIONS RELATED TO INFORMATION FOR AIRCRAFT IN FLIGHT
...
5.2
Information for in-flight planning by the operator
Recommendation.— Meteorological information for planning by the operator for aircraft in flight
should be supplied during the period of the flight and should normally consist of any or all of the
following:
...
c) SIGMET and AIRMET information and special air-reports relevant to the flight, unless the latter
have been the subject of a SIGMET message;
d) upper wind and upper-air temperature information; and
e) volcanic ash and tropical cyclone advisory information.
— END —