WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
________________________
INTERGOVERNMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHIC
COMMISSION (OF UNESCO)
________________________
JOINT WMO/IOC TECHNICAL COMMISSION FOR
OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE METEOROLOGY (JCOMM)
SECOND SESSION
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9
(6.V.2005)
__________
ITEM 9
HALIFAX, CANADA, 19-27 SEPTEMBER 2005
Original: ENGLISH
REVIEW OF TECHNICAL REGULATIONS OF INTEREST TO THE COMMISSION
(Submitted by the Secretary-General of WMO and the Executive Secretary IOC)
Summary and Purpose of Document
This document proposes a number of amendments to the WMO Technical
Regulations, specifically the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services, for
adoption by the Commission.
ACTION PROPOSED
The Commission is invited to:
(a)
Approve the draft text in Appendix A for inclusion in the general summary of JCOMM-II;
(b)
Adopt the draft recommendations in Appendices B, C and D.
Appendices:
A. Draft text for inclusion in the general summary of JCOMM-II
B. Draft Recommendation 9/1 (JCOMM-II) – Complementary guidelines for
NAVTEX broadcasts
C. Draft Recommendation 9/2 (JCOMM-II) – Guidelines for sea-ice charts
D. Draft Recommendation 9/3 (JCOMM-II) – Modifications to the International
Maritime Meteorological Tape (IMMT) format and Minimum Quality Control
Standards (MQCS).
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX A
DRAFT TEXT FOR INCLUSION IN THE GENERAL SUMMARY OF JCOMM-II
9.
REVIEW OF TECHNICAL REGULATIONS OF INTEREST TO THE COMMISSION
(agenda item 9)
9.1
The Commission recalled that, under agenda item 5.1, it had agreed to adopt some
amendments to the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558) and Annex VI to the
WMO Technical Regulations, to add complementary guidelines for National Meteorological Services
issuing marine weather forecasts and warnings via NAVTEX, including a list of common
abbreviations to be used in such broadcasts, as well as a recommendation for National
Meteorological Services on guidelines for sea-ice charts. It therefore adopted Recommendations 9/1
and 9/2 (JCOMM-II) to effect this decision. The Commission further recalled that, under agenda
item 7.1, it had agreed to amend the IMMT format and Minimum Quality Control Standards, in
particular to cover additional requirements of the VOSClim Project, with these new versions of IMMT
(IMMT-3) and MQCS (MQCS-V) to replace the existing versions from 1 January 2007. It therefore
adopted Recommendation 9/3 (JCOMM-II) to this effect. No further modifications to relevant parts of
the WMO Technical Regulations were considered necessary.
9.2
The Commission recognized the value of the WMO Technical Regulations, in particular
the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services, in ensuring the provision of high quality and timely
services to marine users, as well as in assisting and guiding National Meteorological Services in this
regard. It further recognized that the services required by users increasingly involved oceanographic
variables and products, and that oceanographic institutes and agencies were becoming more
involved in the preparation and dissemination of oceanographic services, and recalled its discussions
under agenda item 5.2 on this topic. In this context, it agreed that there would very likely be a
requirement in the near future for a set of regulations, or at least guidance material, relating to the
preparation and provision of oceanographic products and services, to be adopted by both WMO and
IOC. It therefore requested both the Services Programme Area Coordinator and the Management
Committee to keep this issue under close review, with a view to the possible preparation of such
regulations or guidance, for consideration by JCOMM-III.
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B
DRAFT RECOMMENDATION
Rec. 9/1 (JCOMM-II) – COMPLEMENTARY GUIDELINES FOR NAVTEX BROADCASTS
THE JOINT WMO/IOC TECHNICAL COMMISSION FOR OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE
METEOROLOGY,
Noting:
(1)
The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, in particular
Chapter V (Safety of Navigation), Regulation 5 (Meteorological services and warnings)
of the 2001 amendments,
(2)
The 1988 amendments to SOLAS for the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System,
(3)
Recommendation 3 (CMM-XII) – Services for coastal areas using the international
NAVTEX service,
(4)
Abridged Final Report with Resolutions and Recommendations of JCOMM-I (WMONo. 931),
(5)
The final report of the first session of the Expert Team on Maritime Safety Services,
(6)
Annex VI to the WMO Technical Regulations (Manual on Marine Meteorological
Services (WMO-No. 558)),
Recognizing:
(1)
The obligations of countries which are signatories to SOLAS to provide meteorological
services for shipping as specified in the Convention, including its 1988 amendments, in
particular through the International NAVTEX Service,
(2)
That the International NAVTEX Service is not well adapted to the broadcast of
relatively long meteorological forecasts and warnings,
(3)
That the use of the International NAVTEX Service for the broadcast of meteorological
forecasts and warnings needs to be fully in harmony with navigational warning services
coordinated by IHO, and to be responsive to requirements for maritime safety services
expressed by IMO,
Recommends:
(1)
That the amended and complementary guidelines for the provision of meteorological
forecast and warning broadcasts through the International NAVTEX Service as detailed
in Annex 1 to this resolution be adopted;
(2)
That the list of common abbreviations for use with the International NAVTEX Service as
detailed in Annex 2 be also adopted;
(3)
That the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558), Volume I, Part I
be amended accordingly;
Urges Members/Member States with forecast and warning preparation and broadcast
responsibilities through the International NAVTEX Service:
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B, p. 2
(1)
To continue to implement their responsibilities in full, in accordance with the guidelines
in the Manual;
(2)
To keep the JCOMM Secretariat closely informed of developments and problems in the
operation of the system;
(3)
To liaise closely with users regarding their requirements for and response to
meteorological forecast and warning broadcasts through the International NAVTEX
Service;
Requests the Expert Team on Maritime Safety Services to keep the implementation of and user
response to the guidelines and common abbreviations for meteorological forecast and warning
broadcasts through the International NAVTEX Service under review, and to develop proposals for
amendments as necessary;
Requests the Secretary-General of WMO:
(1)
To provide appropriate technical advisory assistance to Members/Member States
concerned in the implementation of the guidelines and abbreviations;
(2)
To bring this recommendation to the attention of IMO and IHO and other organizations
and bodies concerned, and to continue to liaise closely with them in the operation of
the guidelines.
_______________
Annexes: 2
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B, p. 3
ANNEX 1 TO RECOMMENDATION 9/1 (JCOMM-II)
4.
Specific guidelines for NAVTEX Services
4.1
General
4.1.1 NAVTEX is a narrow-band, direct-printing telegraphy service for the promulgation of
Maritime Safety Information (MSI) known as coastal warnings (navigational and meteorological
warnings, meteorological forecasts and other urgent information to ships). The transmission
coverage/service area for coastal warnings, defined in SOLAS, extends from the Fairway
Buoy/Pilot Station to 250 nautical miles from the transmitter, or to the range declared by an
Administration in the IMO GMDSS Master Plan. In particular, NAVTEX cannot be considered as a
reliable system to receive meteorological information in port: other systems should be made
available for end-users to get meteorological information in harbour.
4.1.2 According to WMO vocabulary, NAVTEX broadcasts shall include weather information for
offshore and coastal waters.
4.1.3 The International NAVTEX Service is the coordinated broadcast and automatic reception
on the frequency 518 kHz of MSI using the English language. It forms part of the Global Maritime
Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO)
and, since 1 August 1993, a NAVTEX receiving capability has become part of the mandatory
equipment which is required to be carried in certain vessels under the provisions of the
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended in 1988.
4.1.4 The frequencies 490 and 4209.5 kHz are available to administrations for National NAVTEX
broadcasts using their national language or English.
4.1.5 As NAVTEX is a single frequency system, each NAVTEX station and content provider must
take measures to prevent mutual interference with other stations. To avoid such mutual
interference, each NAVTEX station is assigned specific time slots, which are 10 minutes in length
every 4 hours. Stations which share common time slots are arranged to be geographically distant.
When a NAVTEX broadcast may exceed the assigned broadcast period, or broadcast a warning at
an unscheduled time, the NAVTEX station must make scheduling arrangements with nearby
stations to prevent potential mutual interference. Such rescheduling of broadcasts may result in an
undesirable cascade effect, inhibiting the fundamental purpose of the NAVTEX system. Therefore,
unscheduled broadcasts, and excessive MSI which may exceed scheduled time slots, should be
avoided.
4.1.6 Responsibility for coordinating the establishment of the global NAVTEX service has been
vested by IMO in its Coordinating Panel on NAVTEX (See note).
4.1.7 The operational and technical characteristics of the NAVTEX system are contained in
Recommendation ITU-R M.540-2 and in the NAVTEX Manual published by the International
Maritime Organization (IMO Publication Sales Number IMO-951E).
4.1.8
as:
The user at sea may experience reception problems caused by a variety of factors, such
-
Excessive transmitter power output.
The optimum power output for a NAVTEX
transmitter by day is 1Kw. This should achieve a maximum range of approximately
400 nms, with guaranteed reception out to 250 nms. More than 1Kw may cause the
transmission to follow the curvature of the earth to a significantly greater distance. In
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B, p. 4
addition, such power may also create a sky wave which could well be received in excess of
1000 nms from the transmitter.
-
Overrunning timeslots.
After the time allotted to each NAVTEX transmission, the next
transmitter will commence its transmission. If the first transmitter continues beyond its
allocated transmission period, its ongoing transmission will mask the phasing signal from
the second transmitter if it is in range of the first one. It is this phasing signal that enables
the receiver to lock onto the correct transmitter. If the first transmitter has continued beyond
its time limit, the receiver will not be able to lock onto the next station which will seem to the
user as if the second station is off the air and the receiving vessel could miss vital safety
information i.e. a storm warning.
-
“Night Effect”.
This is the name given to the fact that for a given power output the
range of a Medium Frequency transmission is significantly increased at night. For example,
where 1KW will give a range of approximately 400 nms by day, that same signal at night
could achieve a range of as much as 1000 miles. Accordingly it is imperative that NAVTEX
transmitters reduce power at night, in the case of NAVTEX to 300 watts or such power as is
required to achieve the optimum range of 250 nms.
4.1.9 Criteria for the GMDSS receivers have been defined to ensure that corrupted messages
are not recorded. These criteria are:
4.2

"Only message identifications which have been satisfactorily received should be
stored. A message is satisfactorily received if the character error rate is below
4%".

"When the error rate is more than 33 % during a period longer than 5 seconds,
the printing of the message shall be forbidden because of bad reception, and the
identification of the message shall not be memorized."
Procedures
4.2.1 The time-shared nature of NAVTEX imposes the need for strict discipline in controlling the
information flow of the broadcast. Into the ten minutes time slots must be fitted navigational
warnings, meteorological warnings, weather forecasts, SAR Initial Distress Alerts, Pilot information
and Radio Navigational Aids information such as GPS errors. It is important that forecasts are
dedicated only to the specific area covered by the NAVTEX transmitter, and other measures are to
be taken, to ensure that messages are no longer in length than necessary. In particular, short
concise formats, which have been agreed universally, should be used.
4.2.1.1 Gale, storm, hurricane and warnings of other severe meteorological phenomena should be
broadcast under B2 character B (Meteorological Warning), once upon receipt and then at the next
scheduled broadcast times only.
4.2.1.2 Routine forecasts should be broadcast at scheduled broadcast time under B2 character E
(Meteorological Forecast) at least twice daily.
4.3
Specific guidelines for the provision of Meteorological information
4.3.1 It is essential for meteorological messages to be as short as possible, whilst still
transferring the necessary information to the mariners at sea. Only the approved provider, the NMS
for Meteorological messages, SHALL prepare such messages. Manual modifications by NAVTEX
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B, p. 5
Coordinators shall be kept to a minimum, and SHALL only be made if approved by the appropriate
NMS according to precise procedures and criteria.
4.3.2 For this reason, additional requirements and guidelines to volume I part II, for
Meteorological messages prepared for NAVTEX Service, are needed. The main specific ways for
NMS to shorten NAVTEX messages, if needed, are:
(a)
Use of abbreviations: this is the most effective and efficient method to shorten
meteorological messages, but using only strictly selected and approved
abbreviations. The abbreviations list for GMDSS MSI (to be used for International
NAVTEX Service), in accordance with the multilingual list of terms used in weather
and sea bulletins, is included in Appendix xxx of the Manual on Marine
Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558). For national NAVTEX Service,
administrations should also define an abbreviation list for their native language.
When neighbouring countries use the same native language, a common list should
be considered, at least on a regional basis (and then included in volume II of the
Manual). Abbreviations should be used, as appropriate (in some situations or for
some events, forecasters may prefer to use plain language), in most parts of
meteorological messages, except for warnings (included or not in scheduled
bulletins), that shall remain in plain language. The International NAVTEX
service is in English but care should be taken to use only the approved
abbreviations, otherwise confusion may arise to users whose native language is not
English.
(b)
Split bulletins: All warnings, subject to higher priority, should always be issued as
separate messages under B2 character B for NAVTEX. In scheduled bulletins, Part I
should then be very short, referring either to a list of sub-areas or to a numbering
system. This method generates a reduction in the size of single messages (i.e.
lower risk of rejection). The slight increase of the global volume of information
transmitted (because of the redundancy needed for single messages to be selfsupporting) can be considered as insignificant.
(c)
Mandatory information only: The provision of non-mandatory information (such as
analyses or prognoses in code form, selections of reports from sea or land stations described as Parts IV, V, VI in the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services –
medium-range forecasts, etc.), SHALL not be broadcast over International NAVTEX
system. These should be issued as separate messages, with lower priority if
needed, using a national system, to reduce risks for messages that include
mandatory parts II and III (Synopsis and Forecasts) to be rejected. As the
International NAVTEX service on 518kHz is intended by IMO for SOLAS shipping,
the speed of modern ships should be considered when issuing forecasts for the
International NAVTEX service (Forecasts for up to 24 hours and warnings for up to
36 hours should be sufficient).
(d)
Consolidate information: As the final message is available in written form
onboard, one single sentence (like “squalls in all areas” for example), included
either in the Synopsis (part II) or in the Forecasts (part III), could favourably
replace words (like “squalls”) repeated for each sub-area, if the expected conditions
are homogeneous on the whole domain or a large part of it. It could be particularly
useful when expected wind and sea-state conditions are severe.
(e)
Remove Verbiage: NAVTEX is a text system and should not be in flowing prose
(messages are printed). Superfluous words should be omitted.
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B, p. 6
(f)
Consistency between bulletins and transmitter coverage: NMS should ensure
that the information broadcast is pertinent only to the transmitter coverage/service
area.
4.4
General principles for coordination
4.4.1
Where there is a requirement for coordination of meteorological information via NAVTEX,
the following principles should be adopted:
4.5
(a)
It is assumed that there is an existing exchange using the GTS of weather warnings
and some weather forecasts (once or twice daily) for mariners between all national
Meteorological Services working in the area;
(b)
There should be one National Meteorological Service working as meteorological
coordination centre responsible for the provision of weather bulletins for mariners via
the NAVTEX system in the area concerned. The selection of the NMS as
meteorological coordination centre may be governed by its proximity to the majority
of forecasting areas in the region and existing involvement in the provision of
NAVTEX services;
(c)
The meteorological coordination centre should submit its forecasts and warnings to
the NAVTEX station operators for dissemination on a daily operational basis. If
necessary, the provision of weather bulletins from other countries could be included
for waters not already covered by the coordination centre;
(d)
Every National Meteorological Service serving the area concerned should have
access to the meteorological coordination centre to deliver by GTS its warnings and
forecasts for the areas for which it intends to have responsibility;
(e)
The meteorological coordination centre should decide which warning is sent to the
NAVTEX operator for dissemination by the system. The criteria for such decisions
are based on warnings with the highest wind speed. In cases of significant
difference and serious doubts in warnings, the centre should ask the service which
prepared the message in question for additional confirmation (via the GTS link);
(f)
The meteorological bulletins and additional warnings which have been sent to the
NAVTEX station operators for dissemination should be copied, by the
meteorological coordination centre via the GTS, to all National Meteorological
Services serving the area.
Coordination arrangements
4.5.1 Specific international coordination arrangements for NAVTEX broadcasts of meteorological
information, whenever established, are detailed in the relevant section of Volume II of this Manual.
___________
NOTE:
The NAVTEX Coordinating Panel can be contacted at the following address:
The Chairman
Coordinating Panel on NAVTEX
International Maritime Organization
4 Albert Embankment
LONDON SE1 7SR
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B, p. 7
ANNEX 2 TO RECOMMENDATION 9/1 (JCOMM-II)
Common abbreviations for International NAVTEX Service
All wind directions to be abbreviated as indicated below.
Terminology in full
North or Northerly
Northeast or Northeasterly
East or Easterly
Southeast or Southeasterly
South or Southerly
Southwest or Southwesterly
West or Westerly
Northwest or Northwesterly
NAVTEX Abbreviations
N
NE
E
SE
S
SW
W
NW
Note: The use of the above abbreviations for wind direction could generate savings of the order of
6-8% in the length of bulletins drafted for the International NAVTEX Service.
Terminology in full
Decreasing
Increasing
Variable
Becoming
Locally
Moderate
Occasionally
Scattered
Temporarily/Temporary
Isolated
Frequent/Frequency
Showers
Cold Front
Warm Front
Occlusion Front
Weakening
Building
Filling
Deepening
Intensifying/Intensify
Improving/Improve
Stationary
Quasi-Stationary
Moving/Move
Veering
Backing
Slowly
Quickly
Rapidly
Knots
Km/h
NAVTEX Abbreviations
DECR
INCR
VRB
BECMG
LOC
MOD
OCNL
SCT
TEMPO
ISOL
FRQ
SHWRS
C-FRONT
W-FRONT
O-FRONT
WKN
BLDN
FLN
DPN
INTSF
IMPR
STNR
Q-STNR
MOV
VEER
BACK
SLWY
QCKY
RPDY
KT
KMH
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX B, p. 8
Nautical miles
Metres
HectoPascal
Meteo…
Forecast
Further outlooks
Visibility
Slight
Quadrant
Possible
Probability/Probable
Significant
No change
No significant change
Following
Next
Heavy
Severe
Strong
From
Expected
Latitude/Longitude
NM
M
HPA
MET
FCST
TEND
VIS
SLGT
QUAD
POSS
PROB
SIG
NC
NOSIG
FLW
NXT
HVY
SEV
STRG
FM
EXP
LAT/LONG
Remarks:
This list of abbreviations should be presented in 2 sets: the first one for coding, with type
classification (as in Annex 2 B of the Guide to Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 471)),
the second one for decoding, in abbreviations alphabetic order (to be used by end-users).
The overall savings by the use of the abbreviations in the above lists in the meteorological content
of the International NAVTEX Service broadcasts could, it is estimated, generate savings more than
20% in transmission time.
“Expected” and “Latitude/Longitude” should, when possible, be omitted in the messages.
____________
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX C
DRAFT RECOMMENDATION
Rec. 9/2 (JCOMM-II) – GUIDELINES FOR SEA-ICE CHARTS
THE JOINT WMO/IOC TECHNICAL COMMISSION FOR OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE
METEOROLOGY,
Noting:
(1)
Recommendation 11 (CMM-X) – Format for the archival and exchange of sea-ice data
in digital form (SIGRID),
(2)
JCOMM Technical Report Series “Ice Chart Colour Code Standard” (WMO/TDNo. 1215) and “SIGRID-3: A Vector Archive Format for Sea Ice Charts” (WMO/TDNo. 1214),
(3)
Final Report, Second Session of the JCOMM Expert Team on Sea Ice (ETSI) - Tenth
Session of Steering Group for the Global Digital Sea Ice Data Bank (GDSIDB),
JCOMM Meeting Report No. 28,
(4)
Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558) Volume 1, Part I,
Considering that the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services does not currently provide
guidelines for a recommended scheme for sea-ice charts,
Recognizing:
(1)
That the new technical documents for sea-ice charts facilitate utilization of operational
sea-ice products as well as coding procedures for climatological information,
(2)
That the Colour Standard and SIGRID formats are now extensively used by most
national sea-ice services in their operational and archival practices,
Recommends that the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558), Volume I,
Part I, item 4.2.9 be amended accordingly:
4.2.9
Model SI – sea-ice information – charts
The international system of sea-ice symbols adopted by WMO should be used. The
"International System of Sea-Ice Symbols (WMO-No. 259, Volume III) and the “Ice chart
colour code standard” (WMO/TD-No. 1214) should be used. Sea-ice climatological
information should be provided using SIGRID gridded and vector archive formats for sea
ice charts (WMO-No. 716, WMO-No. 792, WMO/TD-No. 1214)".
Urges Members/Member States with sea-ice information issuing and relay responsibilities:
(1)
To continue to implement their responsibilities in full, in accordance with the guidelines
in the Manual;
(2)
To keep the JCOMM Secretariat closely informed of developments and problems in the
operation of the system;
(3)
To liaise closely with users regarding their requirements for and response to
operational and climatological sea-ice charts;
Requests the Expert Team on Sea Ice, in close cooperation with the Expert Team on Maritime
Safety Services, to keep the implementation of and user response to the guidelines for sea-ice
information products under review, and to develop proposals for amendments as necessary;
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX C, p. 2
Requests the Secretary-General of WMO:
(1)
To provide appropriate technical advisory assistance to Members/Member States
concerned in the implementation of the recommendation;
(2)
To bring this recommendation to the attention of IMO and IHO and other organizations
and bodies concerned, and to continue to liaise closely with them in the operation of
the guidelines.
_______________
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D
DRAFT RECOMMENDATION
Rec.
9/3
(JCOMM-II)
–
MODIFICATIONS TO THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME
METEOROLOGICAL TAPE (IMMT) FORMAT AND MINIMUM
QUALITY CONTROL STANDARDS (MQCS)
THE JOINT WMO/IOC TECHNICAL COMMISSION FOR OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE
METEOROLOGY,
Noting:
(1)
Manual on Marine Meteorological Service (WMO-No. 558) Volume 1, Appendix 1.13,
(2)
Manual on Marine Meteorological Services (WMO-No. 558) Volume 1, Appendix 1.15,
(3)
Final Report, First Session of the JCOMM Expert Team on Marine Climatology, JCOMM
Meeting Report No. 32,
Recognizing that the current Minimum Quality Control Standards (MQCS-IV) do not extend to the
additional elements introduced for the VOSClim Project at JCOMM-I,
Considering:
(1)
That the IMMT format remains the primary format for the exchange of marine climatological
data, for both the MCSS and the VOSClim Project,
(2)
The importance of the Minimum Quality Control Standards to the quality of the data
contained in the MCSS data archives,
(3)
The importance to the Global Collecting Centres of maintaining both the IMMT and the
MQCS up to date,
Recommends:
(1)
That the amendments to the Manual on Marine Meteorological Services and the Guide to
Marine Meteorological Services as detailed in Annexes 1 and 2 to this recommendation be
approved, and included in the appropriate appendices in the Manual and Guide;
(2)
That the new version (IMMT-3) of the IMMT format be implemented generally for all data
collected as from 1 January 2007;
(3)
That the new version of the Minimum Quality Control Standards (MQCS-V) be also
implemented generally for all data collected from 1 January 2007;
Requests the Expert Team on Marine Climatology to continue to review the implementation and
value of the revised format and quality control standards, to provide technical assistance to the
Members/Member States concerned as required and to propose further amendments to the format
and standards as necessary;
Requests the Secretary-General of WMO to provide appropriate technical advisory assistance to
Members/Member States concerned, as required, in the implementation of the revised format and
standards.
___________
Annexes: 2
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 2
ANNEX 1 TO RECOMMENDATION 9/3 (JCOMM-II)
AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON MARINE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES AND
GUIDE TO MARINE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES
LAYOUT FOR THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME METEOROLOGICAL TAPE (IMMT)
[VERSION IMMT-3]
Element Character Code
Number Number
1
1
iT
2
2-5
AAAA
3
6-7
MM
4
8-9
5
10-11
6
12
7
13-15
8
Element
Coding procedure
Format/temperature indicator
3=IMMT format with temperatures in tenths of °C
4=IMMT format with temperatures in halves of °C
5=IMMT format with temperatures in whole °C
Year UTC
Four digits
Month UTC
01 - 12 January to December
YY
Day UTC
01 - 31
GG
Time of observation
Nearest whole hour UTC, WMO specifications
Quadrant of the globe
WMO code table 3333
Latitude
Tenths of degrees, WMO specifications
16-19 LoLoLoLo
Longitude
Tenths of degrees
9
20
Cloud height (h) and visibility (VV) 0
measuring indicator
1
2
3
10
21
11
22-23
12
24
13
25-26
14
27
15
28-29
16
30
17
31-33
18
34
19
35-37
T dT d T d
20
38-41
PPPP
Qc
L aL aL a
h
42-43
h
h
h
h
and VV estimated
measured, VV estimated
and VV measured
estimated, VV measured
Height of clouds
WMO code table 1600
Visibility
WMO code table 4377
Cloud amount
Oktas, WMO code table 2700; show 9 where applicable
DD
True wind direction
Tens of degrees, WMO code table 0877; show 00 or 99
where applicable
iw
Indicator for wind speed
WMO code table 1855
ff
Wind speed
Tens and units of knots or meters per second, hundreds
omitted; values in excess of 99 knots are to be indicated
in units of meters per second and i w encoded accordingly;
the method of estimation or measurement and the units
used (knots or meters per second) are indicated in
element 14
sn
Sign of temperature
WMO code table 3845
Air temperature
Tenths of degrees Celsius
Sign of dew-point temperature
0
1
2
5
6
7
Dew-point temperature
Tenths of degrees Celsius
Air pressure
Tenths of hectopascals
VV
N
TTT
st
Element Character Code
Number Number
21
-
ww
Element
Present weather
-
positive or zero measured dew-point temperature
negative measured dew-point temperature
iced measured dew-point temperature
positive or zero computed dew-point temperature
negative computed dew-point temperature
iced computed dew-point temperature
Coding procedure
WMO code table 4677 or 4680
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 3
22
44
W1
Past weather
WMO code table 4561 or 4531
23
45
W2
Past weather
WMO code table 4561 or 4531
24
46
Nh
Amount of lowest clouds
As reported for C L or, if no C L cloud is present, for C M,
in oktas; WMO code table 2700
25
47
CL
Genus of C L clouds
WMO code table 0513
26
48
CM
Genus of C M clouds
WMO code table 0515
27
49
CH
Genus of C H clouds
WMO code table 0509
28
50
sn
Sign of sea-surface temperature
WMO code table 3845
29
51-53 TwTwTw
Sea surface temperature
Tenth of degrees Celsius
30
54
Indicator for sea-surface
temperature measurement
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
31
55
Indicator for wave measurement
-
Bucket thermometer
Condenser inlet
Trailing thermistor
Hull contact sensor
”Through hull” sensor
Radiation thermometer
Bait tanks thermometer
Others
Shipborne
wave
recorder
0
1
2
3
Buoy
4
5
6
Other
measurement
system
7
8
9
-
Wind sea and swell estimated
Wind sea and swell measured
Mixed wave measured, swell estimated
Other combinations measured and
estimated
- Wind sea and swell measured
- Mixed wave measured, swell estimated
- Other combinations measured and
estimated
- Wind sea and swell measured
- Mixed wave measured, swell estimated
- Other combinations measured and
estimated
32
56-57
P wP w
Period of wind waves or of
measured waves
Whole seconds; show 99 where applicable in
accordance with Note (3) under specification of
P wP w in the Manual on Codes
33
58-59
HwH w
Height of wind waves or of
measured waves
Half-meter values. Examples: Calm or less than 1 /4 m
to be encoded 00; 3 1 /2 m to be encoded 07;
7m to be encoded 14; 11 1 /2 m to be encoded 23
34
60-61
d w1d w1
Direction of predominant
swell waves
Tens of degrees, WMO code table 0877; encoded 00
or 99 where applicable.
Blanks = No observation of waves attempted
35
62-63
P w1P w1
Period of predominant
swell waves
Whole seconds; encoded 99 where applicable
(see under element 32)
36
64-65 Hw1H w1
Height of predominant swell waves
Half-meter values (see under element 33)
37
66
Ice accretion on ships
WMO code table 1751
38
67-68
Thickness of ice accretion
In centimeters
39
69
Rate of ice accretion
WMO code table 3551
40
70
Source of observation
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Is
EsEs
Rs
Element Character Code
Number Number
41
71
- Unknown
- Logbook
- Telecommunication channels
- Publications
- Logbook
- Telecommunication channels
– Publications
Element
Observation platform
Coding procedure
0
1
2
3
-
unknown
Selected ship
Supplementary ship
Auxiliary ship
National
International
data exchange
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 4
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
Automated station/data buoy
Fixed sea station
Coastal station
Aircraft
Satellite
Others ....
42
72-78
Ship identifier
Ship’s call sign or other identifier encoded as
7 characters call sign Columns 72–78
6 characters call sign Columns 72–77
5 characters call sign Columns 72–76
4 characters call sign Columns 72–75
3 characters call sign Columns 72–74
43
79-80
Country which has recruited
the ship
According to the two-character alphabetical codes assigned by
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
44
81
National use
45
82
Quality control indicator
follows:
0 - No quality control (QC)
1 - Manual QC only
2 - Automated QC only /MQC (no time-sequence checks)
3 - Automated QC only (inc. time sequence checks)
4 - Manual and automated QC (superficial; no automated
time-sequence checks)
5 - Manual and automated QC (superficial; including
time-sequence checks)
6 - Manual and automated QC (intensive, including
automated time-sequence checks)
7 & 8 - Not used
9 - National system of QC (information to be
furnished to WMO)
46
83
ix
Weather data indicator
1 - Manual
4 - Automatic
7 - Automatic
iR
47
84
48
85-87
49
88
tR
Duration of period of reference for
amount of precipitation, ending at
the time of the report
WMO code table 4019
50
89
sw
Sign of wet-bulb temperature
0
1
2
5
6
7
51
90-92
Wet-bulb temperature
In tenths of degree Celsius, sign given by element 50
52
93
RRR
T bT b T b
Indicator for inclusion or omission
of precipitation data
If present and past weather data included
Code tables 4677 and 4561 used
If present and past weather data included
Code tables 4680 and 4531 used
Amount of precipitation which has
WMO code table 3590
fallen during the period preceding
the time of observation, as indicated
by t R
Characteristic of pressure tendency
during the three hours preceding
the time of observation
Element Character Code
Element
Number Number
53
94-96
54
97
WMO code table 1819
a
-
positive or zero measured wet-bulb temperature
negative measured wet-bulb temperature
iced measured wet-bulb temperature
positive or zero computed wet-bulb temperature
negative computed wet-bulb temperature
iced computed wet-bulb temperature
WMO code table 0200
Coding procedure
ppp
Amount of pressure tendency at
station level during the three hours
preceding the time of observation
In tenths of hectopascal
Ds
True direction of resultant
displacement of the ship during
the three hours preceding the time
of observation
WMO code table 0700
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 5
Ship’s average speed made good
during the three hours preceding
the time of observation
WMO code table 4451
99-100 d w2d w2
Direction of secondary swell waves
Tens of degrees, WMO code table 0877;
encoded 00 or 99 where applicable.
Blanks = No observation of waves attempted
57
101-102P w2P w2
Period of secondary swell waves
Whole seconds; encoded 99 where applicable
(see under element 32)
58
103-104Hw2H w2 Height of secondary swell waves
Half-meter values (see under element 33)
59
105
ci
Concentration or arrangement
of sea ice
WMO code table 0639
60
106
Si
Stage of development
WMO code table 3739
61
107
bi
Ice of land origin
WMO code table 0439
62
108
Di
True bearing of principal ice edge
WMO code table 0739
63
109
zi
Present ice situation and trend of
WMO code table 5239
conditions over the preceding three hours
64
110
FM 13 code version
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
65
111
IMMT version
0 = IMMT version just prior to version number being
included
1 = IMMT-1 (in effect from Nov. 1994)
2 = IMMT-2 (in effect from Jan. 2003)
3 = IMMT-3 (in effect from Jan. 2007)
4 = IMMT-4 (next version)
etc.
66
112
Q1
Quality control indicator for (h)
0 - no quality control (QC) has been performed
in this element
1 - QC has been performed; element appears to be correct
2 - QC has been performed; element appears
to be inconsistent with other elements
3 - QC has been performed; element appears to be doubtful
4 - QC has been performed; element appears to be erroneous
5 - The value has been changed as a result of QC
6 - 8 Reserve
9 - The value of the element missing
67
113
Q2
QC indicator for (VV)
- idem -
68
114
Q3
QC indicator for (clouds:
elements 12, 24–27)
- idem -
69
115
Q4
QC indicator for (dd)
- idem -
55
98
56
vs
70
116
Q5 QC indicator for (ff)
Element Character Code
Element
Number Number
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
previous to FM 24-V
FM 24-V
FM 24-VI Ext.
FM 13-VII
FM 13-VIII
FM 13-VIII Ext.
FM 13-IX
FM 13-IX Ext.
FM 13-X, etc.
- idem Coding procedure
71
117
Q6
QC indicator for (TTT)
- idem -
72
118
Q7
QC indicator for (T dTdTd)
- idem -
73
119
Q8
QC indicator for (PPPP)
- idem -
74
120
Q9
QC indicator for (weather:
elements 21–23)
- idem -
75
121
Q10
QC indicator for (T wTwTw)
- idem -
76
122
Q11
QC indicator for (P wP w)
- idem -
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 6
77
123
Q12
QC indicator for (H wH w)
- idem -
78
124
Q13
QC indicator for (swell: elements
34–36, 56–58)
- idem -
79
125
Q14
QC indicator for (i RRRRtR)
- idem -
80
126
Q15
QC indicator for (a)
- idem -
81
127
Q16
QC indicator for (ppp)
- idem -
82
128
Q17
QC indicator for (D s)
- idem -
83
129
Q18
QC indicator for (v s)
- idem -
84
130
Q19
QC indicator for (tbtbtb)
- idem -
85
131
Q20
QC indicator for ships’ position
- idem -
86
132
Q21
Minimum quality control standards (MQCS)
version identification
1 = MQCS- I (Original version, Feb. 1989)CMM-X
2 = MQCS-II ( Version 2, March 1997) CMM-X11
3 = MQCS-III (Version 3, April 2000)
SGMC-VIII
4 = MQCS-IV (Version 4, June 2001)
JCOMM-I
5 = MQCS-V (Version 5, July 2004)
ETMC-I
etc.
Additional Requirements for the VOSCLIM Project
87
133-135
HDG
Ship's heading; the direction to
which the bow is pointing,
referenced to true North.
(000-360); e.g.
360 = North
000 = No Movement
090 = East
88
136-138
COG
Ship's ground course; the direction
the vessel actually moves over the
fixed earth and referenced to True North
(000-360); e.g.
360 = North
000 = No Movement
090 = East
89
139-140
SOG
Ship's ground speed; the speed the
vessel actually moves over the fixed
earth.
(00-99); Round to
nearest whole knot
90
141-142
SLL
Maximum height in meters of deck cargo
above Summer maximum load line.
(00-99); report to nearest whole meter
Element Character Code
Number Number
91
92
143-145
146-148
sLhh
RWD
Element
Coding procedure
Departure of reference level (Summer
maximum load line) from actual sea
level. Consider the difference
positive when the Summer maximum
load line is above the level of the sea
and negative if below the water line.
Position 143 (sL) sign position;,
0 = positive or zero, 1 = negative
Relative wind direction in degrees
off the bow
Relative wind direction; e.g. 000 = no
apparent relative wind speed (calm onditions
on deck). Reported direction for relative
wind = 001-360 degrees in a clockwise
direction off the bow of the ship. When
directly on the bow, RWD = 360.
Positions 144-145 (hh); (00-99) is the
difference to the nearest whole meter
between the Summer maximum load line
and the sea level.
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 7
93
149-151
RWS
Relative wind speed reported in
units indicated by iW (knots or m/s)
Reported in either whole knots or whole
meters per second (e.g. 010 knots or 005
m/s). Units established by iW as indicated
in Character Number 27.
Note: Since the relative wind speed can be greater than the true wind speed e.g., i W indicates knots and ff = 98, the relative wind
speed may be 101 knots; therefore, three positions must be allocated since i W cannot be adjusted and the relative wind speed
converted to meters per second as is done in element 15.
94
152
Q22
Quality control indicator for (HDG)
0 - no quality control (QC) has been performed
in this element
1 - QC has been performed; element appears to be correct
2 - QC has been performed; element appears
to be inconsistent with other elements
3 - QC has been performed; element appears to be doubtful
4 - QC has been performed; element appears to be erroneous
5 - The value has been changed as a result of QC
6 - 8 Reserve
9 - The value of the element missing
95
153
Q23
QC indicator for (COG)
- idem –
96
154
Q24
QC indicator for (SOG)
- idem –
97
155
Q25
QC indicator for (SLL)
- idem –
98
156
Q26
QC indicator for ( SL)
- idem –
99
157
Q27
QC indicator for (hh)
- idem –
100
158
Q28
QC indicator for (RWD)
- idem –
101
159
Q29
QC indicator for (RWS)
- idem -
Note: Most of the codes (groups of letters) in the IMMT format with the exception of those added for the VOSCLIM project are
defined in the Manual on Codes (WMO Pub.No. 306) as they basically mirror the code groups used in FM 13-X Ship code.
Because CBS was not persuaded to expand the FM 13-X Ship code for the VOSCLIM project the additional observed elements
(selected codes) will not appear in WMO Manual on Codes (Pub. 306). Therefore an effort was made to select unique codes
(groups of letters) not defined in WMO Pub. 306 for the elements added to the IMMT-2 format version modified for the
VOSCLIM project. This was deliberately done to try and prevent a difference in meaning for a given code group (identical
symbolic letters) in Pub. 306 versus that in IMMT. Presumably none of the Character Code formats will be altered in the future
by CBS.
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 8
ANNEX 2 TO RECOMMENDATION 9/3 (JCOMM-II)
AMENDMENTS TO THE MANUAL ON MARINE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES AND
GUIDE TO MARINE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES
MINIMUM QUALITY CONTROL STANDARDS
MQCS-V (Version 5, June 2004)
 = space (ASCII 32)
Element
Error
Action
– 5, Δ
1
2
3
4
5
6
iT
7
LaLaLa
-900
LaLaLa
LoLoLoLo
-1800
LoLoLoLo
LaLaLa = LoLoLoLo
8
1 - 12
- 23
Time sequence checks
Change in latitude > 0.7o /hr
Change in longitude > 0.7o /hr
when lat. 00-39.9
Change in longitude > 1.0o /hr
when lat. 40-49.9
Change in longitude > 1.4o /hr
when lat. 50-59.9
Change in longitude > 2.0o /hr
when lat. 60-69.9
Change in longitude > 2.7o /hr
when lat. 70-79.9
9
10
-9, 
11
-99
12
N < Nh
,/
13
-36, 99
dd =
, //
dd versus ff
Correct manually otherwise reject
Correct manually otherwise reject
Correct manually otherwise reject
Correct manually otherwise reject
Correct manually and Q20 = 5, otherwise Q20 = 4
Q20 = 2
Correct manually and Q20 = 5, otherwise Q20 = 4
Q20 = 2
Correct manually and Q20 = 5, otherwise Q20 = 4
Q20 = 2
Correct manually otherwise reject
Correct manually otherwise Q20 = 3
Correct manually otherwise Q20 = 3
Correct manually otherwise Q20 = 3
Correct manually otherwise Q20 = 3
Correct manually otherwise Q20 = 3
Correct manually otherwise Q20 = 3
No checking
Correct manually and Q1 = 5, otherwise Q1 = 4
Q1 = 9
Correct manually and Q2 = 5, otherwise Q2 = 4
Q2 = 9
Correct manually and Q3 = 5, otherwise Q3 = 4
Correct manually and Q3 = 5, otherwise Q3 = 2
Correct manually and Q4 = 5, otherwise Q4 =4
Q4 = 9
Correct manually and Q4 or Q5 = 5 otherwise
Q4 = Q5 = 2
Correct manually and Q4 or Q5 = 5 otherwise
Q4 = Q5 = 2
Element
14
15
16
17
Error
Action
iw
ff > 80 knots
, //
sn
T
, ///
If -25 > TTT >40 then
Correct manually, otherwise Q5 = Q29 = 4
Correct manually and Q5 = 5, otherwise Q5 = 3
Q5 = 9
Correct manually, otherwise Q6 = 4
Q6 = 9
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 9
when Lat. < 45.0
TTT < -25
TTT > 40
Q6 = 4
Q6 = 3
TTT < -25
TTT > 40
Q6 = 3
Q6 = 4
TTT versus humidity parameters
TTT < WB (wet bulb)
TTT < DP (dew point)
18
19
st
DP > WB
DP > TTT
20
930 > PPPP > 1050 hPa
870 > PPPP > 1070 hPa
21
ww = 22-24, 26, 36-39, 48, 49,
56, 57, 66-79, 83-88
93-94
and latitude <20o
if ix = 7:
wawa = 24 - 25, 35, 47 - 48,
54-56, 64-68, 70-78, 85-87
and latitude <20o
W1 or W2 = 7 and latitude <20o
W1 < W2
W1 = W2 = ww = 
N = 0, and NhCLCMCH
000
C
C
C
L
h
M H
N = 9, and not (Nh =9 and
CLCMCH
and NhCLCMCH

sn
TwTwTw =
 , ///
if -2.0 > TwTwTw > 37.0 then
when Lat. < 45.0
TwTwTw < -2.0
TwTwTw > 37.0
22, 23
24-27
28
29
Element
Correct manually and Q6 = 5, otherwise Q6 = Q19 = 2
Correct manually and Q6 = Q7 = 5, otherwise Q6 =
Q7 = 2
Correct manually, otherwise Q7 =4
Correct manually and Q7 = 5, otherwise Q7 = Q19 = 2
Correct manually and Q7 = 5, otherwise Q7 = Q6 =2
Q7 = 9
Correct manually and Q8 = 5, otherwise Q8 = 3
Correct manually and Q8 = 5, otherwise Q8 = 4
Q8 = 9
Correct manually and Q9 = 5, otherwise Q9= 4
Correct manually and Q9 = 5, otherwise Q9 = 3
Correct manually and Q9 = 5, otherwise
Q9= 4
Correct manually and Q9 = 5, otherwise Q9= 4
Correct manually and Q9 = 5, otherwise Q9 = 2
Q9 = 9
Correct manually and Q3 = 5, otherwise Q3 = 2
Correct manually and Q3 = 5, otherwise Q3 = 2
Correct manually and Q3 = 5, otherwise Q3 = 2
Q3 = 9
Correct manually otherwise Q10 = 4
Q10 = 9
Control manually and Q10 = 5, otherwise Q10 = 4
Control manually and Q10 = 5, otherwise Q10 = 3
TwTwTw < -2.0
TwTwTw > 37.0
Control manually and Q10 = 5, otherwise Q10 = 3
Control manually and Q10 = 5, otherwise Q10 = 4
Error
Action
30
-
Correct manually,
31
-
Correct manually,
32
20 < PwPw < 30
PwPw
PwPw
, //
Q11 = 3
Q11 = 4
Q11 = 9
33
35< HwHw < 50
HwHw 50
HwHw
, //
Q12 = 3
Q12 = 4
Q12 = 9
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 10
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
dw1 dw1
-36, 99
swell1 = swell2
25 < P w1P w1 < 30
P w1P w1
35 < H w1H w1 < 50
H w1H w1
50
Is
EsEs
Rs
-4,
-6
-9
No call sign
No country code
-6, 9
ix
-7
iR = 0-2 and RRR = 000, ///,
iR = 3 and RRR  ///,
iR =4 and RRR
///,
iR
-4
RRR
001 - 999 and iR = 1, 2
tR
-9, 
sw
WB < DP
WB = ///,
WB > TTT
-8,
a = 4 and ppp ≠ 000
ppp > 250
ppp =
Ds
-9
Ds
,/
Error
Action
Vs
-9
Vs
,/
dw2dw2
-36, 99, 
25 < Pw2Pw2 < 30
Pw2Pw2
Correct manually and Q18 = 5, otherwise Q18 = 4
Q18 = 9
Correct manually and Q13 = 5, otherwise Q13 = 4
Q13 = 3
Q13 = 4
35 < Hw2Hw2 < 50
Hw2Hw2
ci
Si
bi
Di
zi
-
Q13 = 3
Q13 = 4
Minimum Quality Control
Standards (MQCS) version
identification
1= MQCS-I (Original version, Feb. 1989)
2= MQCS-II (Version 2, March 1997)
3= MQCS-III (Version 3, April 2000)
4= MQCS-IV (Version 4, June 2001)
a=
53
Element
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
86
Insert manually, mandatory entry
Insert manually
No Quality Control
Correct manually, otherwise Q14 = 4
Correct manually, otherwise Q14 = 2
Correct manually, otherwise Q14 = 2
Correct manually, otherwise Q14 = 4
Correct manually and Q14 = 5, otherwise Q14 = 2
Correct manually and Q14 = 5, otherwise Q14 = 4
Correct manually, otherwise Q19 = 4
Correct manually and Q19 = 5, otherwise Q19 = Q7=2
Q19 = 9
Correct manually and Q19 = 5, otherwise Q19 =Q6 = 2
Correct manually and Q15 = 5, otherwise Q15 = 4
Correct manually and Q15 or Q16 = 5, otherwise
Q15=Q16=2
Correct manually and Q15 or Q16 = 5, otherwise
Q15=Q16 = 2
Q15 = 9
Correct manually and Q16 = 5, otherwise Q16 = 3
Correct manually and Q16 = 5 otherwise Q16 = 4
Q16 = 9
Correct manually and Q17 = 5, otherwise Q17 = 4
Q17 = 9
a =1,2,3,6,7,8 and ppp=000
54
Correct manually and Q13 = 5, otherwise Q13 = 4
Q13 = 9
Q13 = 3
Q13 = 4
Q13 = 3
Q13 = 4
CMM-X
CMM-XII
SGMC-VIII
JCOMM-I
JCOMM-II/Doc. 9, APPENDIX D p. 11
5= MQCS-V (Version 5, July 2004)
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
Element
ETMC-I
HDG ≠ 000-360
correct manually and Q22 = 5, otherwise Q22 = 4
HDG = , ///
Q22 = 9
COG ≠ 000-360
correct manually and Q23 = 5, otherwise Q23 = 4
COG = , ///
Q23 = 9
SOG ≠ 00 - 99
correct manually and Q24 = 5, otherwise Q24 = 4
SOG = , //
Q24 = 9
SOG > 33
correct manually and Q24 = 5, otherwise Q24 = 3
SLL ≠ 00-99
correct manually and Q25 = 5, otherwise Q25 = 4
SLL = , //
Q25 = 9
SLL > 32
correct manually and Q25 = 5, otherwise Q25 = 3
sL ≠ 0,1
correct manually and Q26 = 5, otherwise Q26 = 4
sL = , /
Q26 = 9
hh ≠ 00 – 99
correct manually and Q27 = 5, otherwise Q27 = 4
hh = , //
Q27 = 9
hh >= 13
correct manually and Q27 = 5, otherwise Q27 = 3
hh < -01
correct manually and Q27 = 5, otherwise Q27 = 4
RWD ≠ 000 - 360, 999
correct manually and Q28 = 5, otherwise Q28 = 4
RWD = , ///
Q28 = 9
RWS ≠ 000 - 999
correct manually and Q29 = 5, otherwise Q29 = 4
RWS = , ///
Q29 = 9
RWS > 110 kts
correct manually and Q29 = 5, otherwise Q29 = 3
Error
Action
RWD versus RWS
RWD = 000, RWS ≠ 000
correct manually and Q28 or Q29 = 5, otherwise
Q28 = Q29 = 2
RWD ≠ 000, RWS = 000
correct manually and Q28 or Q29 = 5, otherwise
Q28 = Q29 = 2
Specifications for quality control Indicators Q1 to Q29
0
No quality control (QC) has been performed on this element
1
QC has been performed; element appears to be correct
2
QC has been performed; element appears to be inconsistent with other elements
3
QC has been performed; element appears to be doubtful
4
QC has been performed; element appears to be erroneous
5
The value has been changed as a result of QC
6
reserved for GCC
7
reserved for GCC
8
Reserve
9
The value of the element is missing