Psychology 1
General Psychology
Margaret L. Louie
Study Guide #5 – Chapters 12, 13, 14, & 15 (7th edition)
CHAPTER 12 – PERSONALITY
THE PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE
Exploring the Unconscious
Personality structure
Personality development
Defense mechanisms
How did Freud think people defended themselves against…
The neo-Freudians and psychodynamic theorists
THE HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE
Carl Rogers’ person-centered perspective
Assessing the Self
THE SOCIAL COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
Personal control
Internal vs external locus of control
Learned helplessness vs personal control
Optimism vs pessimism
CHAPTER 13 – PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Defining Psychological Disorders
ANXIETY DISORDERS
Explaining Anxiety Disorders
The biological perspective
Genes
The brain
DISSOCIATIVE AND PERSONALITY DISORDERS
Dissociative disorders
Understanding dissociative identity disorder
Personality disorders
Anti-social personality disorder
Understanding anti-social personality disorder
MOOD DISORDERS
Bipolar Disorder
Explaining Mood Disorders
The social-cognitive perspective
Negative thoughts and negative moods interact
SCHIZOPHRENIA
Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Disorganized thinking
Disturbed perceptions
Inappropriate emotions and actions
Understanding Schizophrenia
Brain abnormalities
Dopamine overactivity
Abnormal brain activity and anatomy
Genetic factors
Psychology 1
Study Guide, page 2
CHAPTER 14 – THERAPY
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL THERAPIES
Psychoanalysis
Aims
Methods
Psychodynamic therapy
Humanistic Therapies
Behavior Therapies
Classical conditioning techniques
exposure therapies
Cognitive Therapies
Beck’s therapy for depression
Cognitive-behavior therapy
EVALUATING PSYCHOTHERAPIES
Is Psychotherapy Effective?
Outcome research
The Relative Effectiveness of Different Therapies
Commonalities Among Psychotherapies
Hope for a demoralized people
A new perspective
An empathic, trusting, caring relationship
Culture and Values in Psychotherapy
THE BIOMEDICAL THERAPIES
Drug Therapies
Antianxiety drugs
Antidepressant drugs
Mood-stabilizing medications
PREVENTING PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
CHAPTER 15 – SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
SOCIAL THINKING
Attributing Behavior to Persons or to Situations
Attitudes and Actions
Actions Can Affect Attitudes
The foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Role-playing affects attitudes
SOCIAL INFLUENCE
Obedience
Louie
Psychology 1
Study Guide, page 3
Louie
STUDY TOPICS
CHAPTER 12 – PERSONALITY
Know the different components of Freud’s theory: the human mind, personality, the 5 stages of
psychosexual development, ego defense mechanisms. Understand how these different
components of the theory contribute to our behaviors.
Understand the concepts of the neo-Freudians – know how their concepts differ and/or are
similar to Freud’s ideas. Be able to identify which concept is associated with which theorist.
Understand the components of humanistic/phenomenology theory (Carl Rogers), including
positive regard, congruence, the self-concept.
Understand social cognitive theory: the role of attitude on behavior, locus of control, learned
helplessness. Be sure to study the research associated with optimism/pessimism.
CHAPTER 13 – PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
Know the ways in which mental illness is defined.
Know the primary symptoms associated with anti-social personality disorder.
Know the main theories on the causes of anti-social personality disorders.
Be able to identify the different types of dissociative disorders.
Know the primary symptoms associated with each type of dissociative disorder.
Know the main theories on the causes of dissociative disorders, including Spanos’ theory.
Be able to identify the different types of somatoform disorders.
Know the primary symptoms associated with each type of somatoform disorder.
Know the main theories on the causes of somatoform disorders.
Be able to identify the different types of anxiety disorders.
Know the primary symptoms associated with each type of anxiety disorder.
Know the main theories on the causes of anxiety disorders.
Know the primary symptoms associated with schizophrenia.
Know the main theories on the causes of schizophrenia.
Be able to identify the most effective treatment for schizophrenia.
Be able to identify the different types of mood disorders.
Know the primary symptoms associated with each type of mood disorder.
Know the main theories on the causes of major depression, including Seligman’s theory; know
the type of treatments that are available for depression.
Know the treatment available for Bipolar Disorder.
Psychology 1
Study Guide, page 4
Louie
CHAPTER 14 – THERAPY
Understand the effectiveness of the bio-medical approach to mental illness and the criticisms
regarding this approach.
Know/Understand the components of Psychodynamic Therapy: catharsis, free association & the
compulsion to utter, resistance, transference, blank screen.
Understand how psychodynamic therapists explain how this type of therapy is effective.
Know/Understand Ellis’ & Beck’s work on cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression.
Know/Understand Rogers’ approach: Client-centered therapy.
Be able to recognize the components of Client-centered therapy that Rogers believed made it
effective.
Know/Understand how counter-conditioning (Systematic Desensitization) is used to treat
phobias.
Know the research on the effectiveness of therapy.
Know the components that appear to be necessary for therapy to be effective.
Understand the components that appear to be necessary for people to avoid psychological issues
and/or develop good mental health (Kessler & Albee).
CHAPTER 15 – SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Chapter 15 will have 9 questions; all questions are extra credit.
Know the Zimbardo prison study.
Know the Milgram study.
Understand foot-in-the-door technique, situational attribution, fundamental attribution error.
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