IIN NSST TR RU UCCT TIIO ON NSS FFO OR RA AU UT TH HO OR RSS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJERT] (ISSN 0976-4089) [PUBLISHED BY: SOCIETY OF EDUCATION (Regd.)] is an International journal that publishes high-quality solicited and unsolicited articles, in English, in all areas of education including education policies and management. The journal aims to provide a forum for scholarly understanding of the field of education. Contributions that span the divide between theory and practice are particularly welcome. Although principally concerned with the social sciences, the journal encourages contributions from a wider field. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and academic excellence. Papers will be published approximately three to four months after acceptance. IJERT is open access journal and all available online. Submit manuscripts as e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at: ijerteditor@gmail.com, editorijert2010@yahoo.com, manishzoology06@yahoo.com manuscript number will be mailed to the corresponding author same day or within 72 hours. The cover letter should include the corresponding author's full address and telephone/fax numbers and should be in an e-mail message sent to the Editor, with the file, whose name should begin with the first author's surname, as an attachment. IJERT will only accept manuscripts submitted as e-mail attachments. For all other correspondence that cannot be sent by e-mail, please contact the editorial office: SUNIL KUMAR [CHIEF EDITOR] 27, B.N. PURAM, NEAR BANSHI VIHAR COLONY PASCHIM PURI ROAD, SIKANDRA-BODLA ROAD AGRA-282007, U.P. [INDIA] Mob:+91-9457202960 Article Types Three types of manuscripts may be submitted: Regular articles: These should describe new and carefully confirmed findings, and experimental procedures should be given in sufficient detail for others to verify the work. The length of a full paper should be the minimum required to describe and no longer than 6 pages. Short Communications: A Short Communication is suitable for recording the results of complete small investigations or giving details of new models or hypotheses, innovative methods, techniques or apparatus. The style of main sections need not conform to that of full-length papers. Short communications are 4 pages. Reviews: Submissions of reviews and perspectives covering topics of current interest are welcome and encouraged. Reviews should be concise and no longer than6 printed pages . Reviews are also peer-reviewed. Review Process I All manuscripts are reviewed by an editor and members of the Editorial Board or qualified outside reviewers. Decisions will be made as rapidly as possible, and the journal strives to return reviewers’ comments to authors within 3 weeks. Regular articles All portions of the manuscript must be typed double-spaced and all pages numbered starting from the title page. The Title should be a brief phrase describing the contents of the paper. The Title Page should include the authors' full names and affiliations, the name of the corresponding author along with phone, fax and E-mail information. Present addresses of authors should appear as a footnote. The Abstract should be informative and completely self-explanatory, briefly present the topic, state the scope of the experiments, indicate significant data, and point out major findings and conclusions. The Abstract should be 100 to 200 words in length. No literature should be cited. Following the abstract, about 3 to 10 key words that will provide indexing references to should be listed. A list of non-standard Abbreviations should be added. In general, non-standard abbreviations should be used only when the full term is very long and used often. Each abbreviation should be spelled out and introduced in parentheses the first time it is used in the text. Only recommended SI units should be used. The Introduction should provide a clear statement of the problem, the relevant literature on the subject, and the proposed approach or solution. It should be understandable to colleagues from a broad range of scientific disciplines. Materials and methods should be complete enough to allow experiments to be reproduced. However, only truly new procedures should be described in detail; previously published procedures should be cited, and important modifications of published procedures should be mentioned briefly. Capitalize trade names and include the manufacturer's name and address. Subheadings should be used. Methods in general use need not be described in detail. Results should be presented with clarity and precision. The results should be written in the past tense when describing findings in the authors' experiments. Previously published findings should be written in the present tense. Results should be explained, but largely without referring to the literature. Discussion, speculation and detailed interpretation of data should not be included in the Results but should be put into the Discussion section. The Discussion should interpret the findings in view of the results obtained in this and in past studies on this topic. State the conclusions in a few sentences at the end of the paper. The Results and Discussion sections can include subheadings, and when appropriate, both sections can be combined. The Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc should be brief. Tables should be kept to a minimum and be designed to be as simple as possible. Each table should be on a separate page, numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals and supplied with a heading and a legend. Tables should be self-explanatory without reference to the text. Figure legends should be typed in numerical order on a separate sheet. Graphics should be prepared using applications capable of generating high resolution GIF, TIFF, JPEG file. Tables should be prepared in Microsoft Word. Use Arabic numerals to designate figures and upper case letters for their parts (Fig 1). Begin each legend with a title and II include sufficient description so that the figure is understandable without reading the text of the manuscript. Information given in legends should not be repeated in the text. References: In the text, a reference identified by means of an author‘s name should be followed by the date of the reference in parentheses. When there are more than two authors, only the first author‘s name should be mentioned, followed by ’et al‘. In the event that an author cited has had two or more works published during the same year, the reference, both in the text and in the reference list, should be identified by a lower case letter like ’a‘ and ’b‘ after the date to distinguish the works. Examples: Abayomi (2000), Agindotan et al. (2003), (Kelebeni, 1983), (Usman and Smith, 1992), (Chege, 1998; Chukwura, 1987a,b; Tijani, 1993,1995), (Kumasi et al., 2001) References should be listed at the end of the paper in alphabetical order. Articles in preparation or articles submitted for publication, unpublished observations, personal communications, etc. should not be included in the reference list but should only be mentioned in the article text (e.g., A. Kingori, University of Nairobi, Kenya, personal communication). Journal names are abbreviated according to Chemical Abstracts. Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy of the references. Examples: Ogunseitan, O.A. (1998). Protein method for investigating mercuric reductase gene expression in aquatic environments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:695–702. ueye M, Ndoye I, Dianda M. and Danso S.K.A. (1999). N2 fixation in several Faidherbia albida provenances. Ar. Soil Res. Rehabil. 11:63-70. Charnley AK (1992). Mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis in insects with particular reference to locusts. In: Lomer CJ, Prior C (eds) Biological Controls of Locusts and Grasshoppers: Proceedings of an international workshop held at Cotonou, Benin. Oxford: CAB International, pp 181-190. Mundree, S.G. and Farrant, J.M. (2000). Some physiological and molecular insights into the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance in the resurrection plant Xerophyta viscasa Baker. In Cherry et al. (eds) Plant tolerance to abiotic stresses in Agriculture: Role of Genetic Engineering, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, pp 201-222. Rose, O.O. (2002). Interactions between Striga suicidal germination In Vigna unguiculata . PhD dissertation, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria. Short Communications Short Communications are limited to a maximum of two figures and one table. They should present a complete study that is more limited in scope than is found in fulllength papers. The items of manuscript preparation listed above apply to Short Communications with the following differences: (1) Abstracts are limited to 100 words; (2) instead of a separate Materials and Methods section, experimental procedures may be incorporated into Figure Legends and Table footnotes; (3) Results and Discussion should be combined into a single section. III Proofs and Reprints: Electronic proofs/reperints will be sent (e-mail attachment) to the corresponding author as a PDF file. COPYRIGHT POLICY Each manuscript must be accompanied by a statement that it has been neither published nor submitted for publication, in whole or in part, either in a serial, professional journal or as a part in a book which is formally published and made available to the public. For the mutual benefit and protection of authors and publishers it is necessary that authors provide formal written consent to publisher and transfer of copyright form after acceptance of papers. PUBLICATION CHARGES For all article within 8 pages (including figures and tables B/W) are peer reviewed before acceptance for publication and the author (s) need to pay Rs.2650/- {FOR INDIANS} (overseas=130 USD) towards publication fee per article. More than 8 pages, 250 Rs (overseas = 10 USD) /page will be charged. Note: 1100 rreepprriinnttss w wiillll bbee ssuupppplliieedd ttoo CCoorrrreessppoonnddeennccee aauutthhoorr. IV