VIEWS ON PROFESSIONAL
COMPETENCIES OF
QUANTITY SURVEYOR : INDONESIA CASE
CHAIDIR ANWAR MAKARIM*
I.
Introduction
This paper is trying to present the current legalistic position of the
professional competencies of Indonesian Quantity Surveyor as well as its
orientation toward global practice in its area of expertise. In this matter the
subject is defined into two parts : First, The legal reference Of Indonesia
construction law and other related laws or regulations, and secondly, the
Substance of the competencies itself which almost totally follows the
International Standards.
The Indonesia National Construction Services
Development Board (LPJK/CSDB) is the only construction agency
responsible for this which carrying its function as stated in law no-18 : year
1999 : on construction services, with all attached government regulations.
As for the substance of the competency itself, Indonesia has adopted 1 (one)
Competency for Quantity Surveyor Engineer ( Tenaga Ahli ) and 1 (one)
Competency for Quantity Surveyor technician for building (Tenaga Trampil ).
Adoption is approved after the subject is presented at the
National
Convention participated by related stake holders (Government, Construction
Association, University/expert and Public). Both adoption were approved
consecutively in year 2005 and year 2006.
*
Professor of Geotechnical, Tarumanagara University, Jakarta
Board member’s Secretary of LPJK.
II.
Legal Frame Work
It is well stated in the law that LPJK has the authority to conduct certification
on companies and man power doing services in construction services- after
fulfilling all necessary requirements. As far as the law and Government
regulations concern, refers to:

The Republic of Indonesia Law No. 18, year 1999 on : Construction
Services.

The Government Regulation No. 28, year 2000 on : Roles and Effort
of construction services community.

The Government Regulation No. 29, year 2000 on : Construction
Services Rules of Conduct.

The Government Regulation No.30 year 2000 on: Construction
Services Development.
DEPNAKER,
DEP PU, DEP LAIN TERKAIT
ASOSIASI PROFESI, DLL
SISTEM KKSR
KEAHLIAN &
KETERAMPILA
N
SERTIFIKASI OLEH
ASOSIASI PROFESI
& INSTITUSI
PELATIHAN
REGISTRASI
TENAGA AHLI &
TERAMPIL
IZIN USAHA
PERORANGAN
JLP
K
AKREDITASI
&
OTORISASI
BADAN
AKREDITA
SI
&
OTORISAS
USAHA I
PENANGGUNG
JAWAB
• Perusahaan
• Bidang teknik
• Tenaga Operasional
PEMERINTAH
DEP PU, DEP LAIN TERKAIT
ASOSIASI BU, DLL
SISTEM KKSR
BADAN USAHA
SERTIFIKASI
OLEH
ASOSIASI
BADAN USAHA
REGISTRASI
BADAN
USAHA
IZIN USAHA
BADAN
Fig 1. LPJK system of Certification and Registration.
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Based on these Legal frame work, LPJK conducted meetings with
Association and established technical team to start developing competency
standard which later have to go through national convention and agreed
by all stake holders. Once, it passes through the convention, this
competency standard
is considered legally as the only
competency
standard acknowledged nationally. In practice, situation in Indonesia
dictated that more then one accredited Association can conduct test for
certification- however they all have to use the same national standard of
competency.
Another route of developing Competency Standard is taken by
Department of Public Work in cooperation with LPJK which later carry a
registration number nationally in the Department of Labor and
Transmigration as SKKNI (Standar Kompetensi Kerja Nasional
Indonesia). This approach is more on the centralization and uniformity of
format and registration
process, however, as far as the material of
competency concern, its legal impact the same.
The SKKNI (Indonesian Standard of National Working Competency) is
very much follows the regulation of the Minister of Labor and
Transmigration aimed to standardize the working force competency to
fulfill the National as well as the global market demands.
The “difference” between those two is more on the format style but not in
contents. They all refers themselves to global orientation which
intrinsically has significant difference.
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III
Competency Standard.
The Competency Standard of Quantity Surveyor owned by Indonesia as
the present time is designed to reach two level of responsibility:

Standard Competency for Engineer, issued together by LPJK and
related Associations.

Standard Competency for Technician (SKKNI), issued together by
LPJK, Association and Centre for Education and Training which
is mostly owned and fully managed by Government Agency and/or
Universities.
These Competency Standard is subject to be reviewed every 2 (two) years
or updated to meet The National and Global market flexibility.
Engineer Quantity Surveyor.
At the beginning of year 2006, we adopted a National Standard of
Quantity Surveyor which mostly refer to the AIQS (Australian Institute of
Quantity Surveyor) standards. As written there, we also follow the
function of a Quantity Surveyor as a Construction Economists,
Construction Cost Managers, Cost Consultant, Cost Engineers or
Estimators.
With 9 (nine) points of knowledge based of: Construction Philosophy,
Construction Cost, Construction Schedule, Construction Method ,
Construction Risk, Construction Resource, Construction Procurement,
Contract Administration and Arbitration, a Quantity Surveyor Engineer
covers function in a range of activities from financial advisor, construction
advisor as well as contract administrator. During the project cycle, a
Quantity Surveyor carry its function from the beginning of a project or
4
from the feasibility study period, design, procurement, construction up to
the end or post construction period.
Figure 2 shows a matrix type of relationship between competency and
knowledge base where a Quantity Surveyors is designed to take either the
small scale project up to big scale project with more complexity in it.
Figure 3 shows relationship from competency standard, competency units,
competency element and work result criteria.
Fig 2. Matrix Relationship of Knowledge Base VS Competency Units
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Fig 3. Competency Standard Structure for a Quantity Surveyor.
The certification of Quantity Surveyor Engineer comes in 3 level of
Competency and Responsibility :

Quantity Surveyor Muda. (3rd rank)

Quantity Surveyor Madya. (2nd rank)

Quantity Surveyor Tama. (1st rank)
As Engineer they all have to be graduated from a 3 or 4 years
colleges/University with a certain requirement of experiences. Certificate
is awarded after a written test conducted by the Association and valid for
3 (three) years. It can be extended after following a certain requirements.
Typical position of Quantity Surveyor in contractor project organization is
shown on fig.4
6
Fig.4 Typical Contractor’s Project Organization.
Technician Quantity Surveyor.
LPJK in cooperation with the Department of Public Works establish a
hybrid model standard of competency by combining the MOSS (Model
Occupational
Skill
Standard)
of
the
ILO
(International
Labor
Organization.) with RMCS (Regional Model Competency Standard) using
as main reference the ITABS (Industry Training Advisory Bodies ) and
ANTA (Australia National Training Authority ) from Australia.
This Indonesia Hybrid model called MOCS (Model Occupational
Competency Standard) is comparable to Malaysia model NOSS (National
Occupation Skill Standard) or SKPK (Standart Kemahiran Pekerjaan
Kebangsaan). The characteristic of the Indonesia model MOCS is created
after : 1. finding a model that fit to the Education, Training and Socio-
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Cultural system and 2. Connecting strongly to the International standard of
competency to reach global market flexibility.
The later is shown in the digital numbering code of the occupation work
(Pemberian kode jabatan kerja) that follows the CPC (Central Product
Classification/United Nation 1997 system)
Job Description are as follows:

To identify job to be calculated

To Calculate Required Material Quantity.

To Calculate all tools (work tools And time required)

To Calculate total work cost

To Calculate work change cost.

To Monitor work execution

To Prepare Job Report
In General a technician Quantity Surveyor will support the job of an
engineer Quantity Surveyor in the more technical and lower level of
responsibility. The minimum requirement of knowledge for this position is
technical/vocational high school with a minimum experience of 5 (five)
years or general high school with a minimum experience of 7 (seven )
years. Competency test in class or job should be given after 2-3 days
participation in training and workshop.
IV. Conclusion.
This paper present the latest change in competency standard regulation and
substance in the Quantity Surveyor job in Indonesia.
Firstly based on law, the one and only institution in charge of National
Construction affair in Indonesia is LPJK/CSDB (Lembaga Pengembangan
8
Jasa Konstruksi/Construction Service Development Board). As referred to law
no. 18 of the republic of Indonesia: on construction services, this independent
body represent knowledgeable and experience persons from 4 (four) parties:
Contractor Association, Professional Association, Government and University
or expert in an equal portion.
The driving force behind the effort is LPJK and the Indonesia Department of
public works which cooperate in defining the substance of the competencies
as well as the format which follows closely the International standard from
United Nation, Australia and Malaysia. All standard of competency in
Indonesia have to go through a National Convention attended by all
construction Stake Holders. At the beginning the process is rather slow but
start going faster in producing more and more standard of competency in
every disciplines. Updated of Competency whenever necessary is conducted
every 2 (two) years depends on trends And changes in construction market.
With the signing of ASEAN
government agreement on MRA (Mutual
Recognition Agreement) in December 2005, it has been proven that Indonesia
national certificate is acknowledged through approval in ASEAN countries as
ACPE ( ASEAN Chartered Professional Engineer) subject to agreed domestic
requirement.
Secondly, being pragmatic Indonesia at the present time has adopted two
class of Quantity Surveyor Competencies: i.e. at the Engineering Level (class
muda, madya, tama) and at the technician level.
Finally the intention of describing all these, is to pass the message to all
Indonesia partners in construction services not to doubt to the quality of
Indonesia engineers and technician whenever they carried our national
certificate. However, the engineer who hold ACPE certificate should be
considered as the nation best engineer and we are looking forward to the same
reciprocity action also for our certified Technician.
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REFERENCES
AIQSI, “National Competency Standards For Quantity Surveyors- Construction
Economics”, The Australian Institute of Quantity Surveyors,
Oktober 1997
Dept. Pekerjaan Umum dan LPJK “Quantity Surveyors for Building(Juru Ukur
Kuantitas
Bangunan
Gedung)
pada
Pekerjaan
Konstruksi”,
Departemen Pekerjaan Umum dan Lembaga Pengembangan Jasa
Konstruksi Nasional (LPJKN), September 2006.
LPJK, “Bakuan Kompetensi : Bidang lain-lain Subbidang Quantity Surveyor”,
Lembaga Pengembangan Jasa Konstruksi Nasional (LPJK), Maret
2006.
“Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 28 Tahun 2000 tentang Usaha dan Peran Masyarakat
Jasa Konstruksi (Lembaran Negara RI tahun 2000 Nomor 63,
Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 3951)
“Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 29 Tahun 2000 tentang Penyelenggaraan Jasa
Konstruksi (Lembaran Negara RI tahun 2000 Nomor 64, Tambahan
Lembaran Negara Nomor 3956).
“Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 30 Tahun 2000 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pembinaan
Jasa Konstruksi (Lembaran Negara RI tahun 2000 Nomor 65,
Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 3957)
“Undang-undang Nomor 18 tahun 1999 tentang Jasa Konstruksi (lembaran Negara
RI tahun 1999 Nomor 54, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor
3833)
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