The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
EVALUATION OF PTSD IN SARDASHT SURVIVORS OF CHEMICAL
WARFARE
Kh Ahmadi, PhD1; M Reshadatjoo, MD2; Gh Karami, MD 3
Received: 19 July, 2009; Accepted: 30 Sep, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: The chemical victims exposed by traumatic events may suffer post trauma
stress disorder (PTSD). The present study aims to evaluate PTSD prevalence and severity among
Sardasht chemical warfare victims two decades after exposure in Iraq-Iran war.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 150 chemical warfare victims of
Sardasht city were compared in self-reported post trauma stress disorder (PTSD) signs prevalence
with 156 ordinary people as control group. PTSD was assessed by applying Mississippi and PCL
questionnaires in both groups.
Results: The prevalence and severity of PTSD in chemical warfare victims were sensibly more than
the control group. (P < 0.05) Morbidity percentage, having job or not, graduate degree and the number
of children were not meaningful correlation with rate of PTSD (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: high prevalence of PTSD in chemical warfare victims is show that psychological and
psychiatric services were necessary for them.
Keywords: Post trauma stress disorder (PTSD), Chemical victims, Chemical warfare
Address: Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah University, Mollasadra Ave., Vanak Sq.,
Tehran, Iran Tel: 09123753252
Email: kh_ahmady@yahoo.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Associate Professor of Counseling Psychology, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical
Sciences University, Tehran, Iran(Corresponding Author)
2
Physician, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
3
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences
University, Tehran, Iran
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
CORRELATION OF 4- HOUR URINARY PROTEINS WITH 24-HOURS
PROTEINURIA IN HOSPITALIZED PREGNANT PATIENTS WITH
HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS
A Amirabi1, MD; S Golmohammadlu2, MD; Z Yekta3, PhD; S Naji4, MD; Sh Danaii5
Received: 21 April, 2009; Accepted: 21 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: Proteinuria is one of the fundamental criteria for diagnosis of pre-eclampsia
with quantative assessment based on twenty-four-hour urine protein estimation as the gold standard.
The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between four and twenty-four-hour urine
total protein values to confirm the diagnosis of proteinuria in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Materials & Methods: The study population included 100 patients with hypertensive disorders of
pregnancy. The patient's urine was collected over twenty four hours; with the first four hours, next
twenty hours in separate containers. The urine volume, total protein and creatinine levels were
measured in the 4 and 24 hour samples. The 4-hour results were compared to the 24-hour results using
simple regression analysis.
Results: From 100 patients, 42 had no proteinuria , 44 had mild proteinuria, and 14 with sever
proteinuria. The protein value of four-hour sample correlated with those of the twenty four-hour
sample for patients with mild and sever disease (P<0.001, r=0.86).
Conclusion: This study showed there is a correlation between four-hour urine protein and twenty
four-hour urine protein and we can substitute the results of the first test for the latter one.
Keywords: Four-hour urine collection, Proteinuria, Preeclampsia, Hypertension in pregnancy,
Twenty four-hour urine collection
Address: Department of Gynecology, Motahary Hospital, Urmia, Iran
Tel: (+98441) 2220952
E-mail:afsaneh_amir@yahoo.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Assistant Professor of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
(Corresponding Author)
2
Associate Professor of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
3
Associate Professor of Community Medicine, Urmia University of Medical sciences Urmia, Iran
4
Assistant Professor of Pathology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
5
Gynecologist & Obstetrician
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
THE EVALUATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AND
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS WITH
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
MH Khadem Ansari1, PhD; Y Rasmi2, PhD; M Manafi3, MSc; A Rahimipour4, PhD; E
Ghadermarzi5, MT, MPh
Received: 3 April, 2009; Accepted: 6 Oct, 2009
Background & Aims: Atherosclerosis is the main reason of cardiovascular diseases, and risk factors
incorporated in atherosclerosis involvement include infections like Helicobacter pylori. In the current
study the incidence of contamination to Helicobacter pylori, atherosclerosis causing factors, and the
effect of these factors on the serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins are studied.
Materials & Methods: Along with determination of H. pylori infection, serum level of triglyceride,
cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, vLDL-C and cholesterol/HDL-C ratio were also identified in 100
patients with cardiovascular atherosclerosis and 89 healthy people as the control group.
Results: Sera of 68% of patients and 49.5% of control group were positive for H. pylori infection
(P<0.05). The results showed no significant difference relating to age in males and females and in
control groups. Body mass index (BMI) also didn’t differ in the patients and control groups (P>0.05).
There was a significant difference in serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins between the patients and
the control groups (P<0.05). The results of this study after measurement of H. pylori specific IgG
level showed that there was a significant difference in the H. pylori infection rate between the
cardiovascular atherosclerosis patients with and without gastric disease (P<0. 05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that among incorporating factors, seroprevalence of H.
pylori specific IgG was higher in patients with gastric disease history than that in the control group,
indicating that gastric diseases could incorporate in atherum creation and eventually cardiovascular
disorders. Regarding to incoherent results of various studies, there is a necessity to determine the
effects of H. pylori on cardiovascular disorders involvement risk. To find the real relationship
between H. pylori infection and cardiovascular disease risk factors may be an important challenge to
diminish cardiovascular disease involvement rate.
Address: Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences,
Urmia, Iran
Tel: (+98441) 2770969
Email: mhansari1@gmail.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Associate Professor of Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding
Author)
2
Assistant Professor of Biochemistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
3
Instructor of Nutrition, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
4
Professor of Biochemistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
5
PhD of Pathology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
SURVEY THE EFFECT OF 1, 6
HEXAMETHYLENE DIISOCYANATES ON THE RESULT OF PEAK
EXPIRATORY FLOW TEST TO CAR PAINTER WORKER IN
ISFAHAN
S Pourabedian1, MD; M Rismanchiyan2, MD; I Mohebbi3, MD; A Barkhordari4, MSc; E Habibi5, PhD; A
Hassanzade6, MSc
Received: 6 June, 2009; Accepted: 21 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: Hexamethylene diisocyanate is an aliphatic isocyanate and car painters are
exposed to it. One of the most important disorders is occupational asthma. The aim of this study was
to survey the effect of 1, 6 hexamethylene diisocyanate on the peak expiratory flow test to car painters
in Isfahan.
Materials & Methods: In this descriptive and a cross-sectional study the forty three car painters were
included. The sample were extracted and analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography.
Peak expiratory flow test was carried out within a period of one week of working shift.
Result: The averages of daily and weekly exposure of workers to Hexamethylene diisocyanate
concentration were. 0.42±0.1 and 0.13±0.05mg/m3, respectively The average of variation percent of
peak expiratory flow of workers on painting day were 11.2 % ±1.8 % and the change average of peak
expiratory flow of worker on the post day painting were 7.9 %±1.9. 72% . 72% of the painters had a
variation more than 10% of the peak expiratory flow on painting day.
Conclusion: All inhalation exposure was 10% more than the threshold standard limits value (tenfold
of TLV)
Keywords: Hexamethylene diisocyante, Peak expiratory flow test, Isocyanat
Address: Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences Isfahan, Iran
Tel: (+98) 9168424997
Email: a.barkhordari2007@gmail.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Assistant Professor of Occupational Health Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
PhD Student of Occupational Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Associate Professor of Occupational Medicine Department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences
4
Masters of Occupational Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran (Corresponding
Author)
5
Associate Professor of Occupational Health Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,
Iran
6
Instructor of Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FACTORS RELATED TO URINARY
TRACT INFECTION IN CHILDREN
S Jahanshahifard1, MD; F Askari2, MSc
Received: 27 May, 2009; Accepted: 21 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: Urinary tract infection is the second most common infection in children. If it is
not properly diagnosed and treated, it can lead to irreparable results such as hypertension and
diminished renal function. In this study, we make a comparison of some factors in children with and
without urinary tract infection.
Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study the dependent variable was Urinary tract
infection and the independent variables were sex, circumcision, and breast feeding. Study samples
were 228 children being divided into two equal groups with positive and negative urine culture. After
data collection and entry in SPSS, the data were analyzed by t-test and Chi-square test.
Results: This study showed that the prevalence of urinary tract infection in girls is higher (77.2%).
Considering age limit, more prevalence belongs to age group of 0-1 years (38.6%). In this study,
79.8% of cases in negative culture-group were being fed by breast milk. There was a significant
reveres relation between breast feeding and urinary tract infection prevalence (P=0.03%).
Uncircumcised compared with circumcised boys, a significant reveres relation between circumcision
and urinary tract infection was observed. (P=0.001)
Conclusion: In this study, there was a correlation between gender, breast feeding, and circumcision
with urinary tract infection, but significant relation between urinary tract infection and age of
circumcision did not exist.
Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Risk factors, Circumcision
Address: Amirkolah Hospital, Amirkolah, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
Tel: (+98) 9133093982
Email: m.jahanshahifard@gmail.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
2
Pediatrician, Fellow in Neonatology (Corresponding Author)
Instructor of Nursing, Faculty Member of Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
THE STUDY OF EFFECTIVNESS OF PSYCHDRAMA ON
INCREASING INDIVIDUAL SELF DIFFRENTIATION OF ORIGINAL
FAMILY IN FEMALE NURSING STUDENTS
A Soleimannejad1, PhD
Received: 7 July, 2009; Accepted: 4 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: Psychodrama is a form of human development which explores, through
dramatic action, the problems, issues, concerns, dreams and highest aspirations of people, groups,
systems and organizations. It is mostly used as a group work method. This research was to study the
effectiveness of psychodrama group therapy on increasing the individual self-differentiation from the
family of origin on female nursing students.
Materials & Methods: The samples consisted of twenty female university students being divided into
an experimental and a control group through cluster sampling. The experimental group was treated
with twelve psychodrama group sessions (1.5 hour per session); the control group received no
treatment. Related data were gathered using a questioner and then were analyzed by descriptive
statistics and T-test.
Results: Psychodrama group therapy increased students’ overall scale and four subscales of the
questionnaire. It enhanced participants' emotional responsiveness and helped to discover the true self
avoiding emotional triggering.
Conclusion: Psychodrama group therapy was effective on increasing self-differentiation of nursing
students.
Keywords: Psychodrama, Self-differentiation, Family
Address: Psychology Department, Payamnoor University, Urmia, Iran
Email: akbar.soleymannejad@gmail.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Assistant Professor of Psychology, Payamnoor University, Urmia, Iran
Tel: (+98441) 3824511
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
EFFECT OF SELF EXPRESSION TRAINING ON PROMOTING
FEMALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS SELF–ESTEEM AND
FIRMNESS
M Sahebalzamani1, PhD; R Norouzinia2, MSc; L Aliloo3, A Rashidi4, PhD
Received: 18 June, 2009; Accepted: 10 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: Self expression is a structured intervention method that is used for promotion
of social relationship effectiveness. This aspect of interpersonal relationship can be created or
promoted. Training self expression shows the art of deep relation with others in order to deal with life
and business world better and be more self dominated. The aim of the present study was to determine
the effects of training self expression on self esteem and firmness of secondary level students.
Materials & Methods: This semi experimental study was carried out on 50 students of two classes;
they were divided into two groups. First, the data of the demographic characteristics, self esteem and
firmness of the study were gathered by a researcher through a questionnaire. Next both groups were
trained how to express themselves. The second phase of the study was done one week after the
last session of self- esteem education and then a retest was carried out.
Results: The study findings revealed that there was a significant difference between the mean
score of the self-esteem and firmness of the samples before and after the education. The statistical
paired T test showed the promotion of self-esteem and firmness of both groups post educationally
(p=0.000).
Conclusions: Self-esteem education results in increasing self- esteem and firmness of students.
Keywords: Self-expression education, Self-esteem, Firmness
Address: Tehran Azad University, Khaghani St., Shariati Ave., Tehran, Iran Tel: (+98) 9125603980
Email: norouzinia@gmail.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Assistant Professor of Educational Management, Medical Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
MSc Student in Nursing Training (Corresponding Author)
3
Instructor of Nursing Education, Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
4
Assistant Professor of Medical Information Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
2
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
THE CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF FRACTIONS ISOLATED FROM
PLEUROTUS FLORIDA BODY EXTRACT ON CANCER CELL LINES
T Ghazanfari1, PhD; Sh Zamani Taghizadeh Rabe2, MSc; R Yaraee3, PhD; Z Siadat4, MSc;
M Mahmoudi5, MD, PhD
Received: 3 April, 2009; Accepted: 5 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aim: Nowadays, different medical approaches are used for the treatment of cancers,
but in most cases they are not effective or have serious side-effects. This has prompted scientists to
look for more effective drugs with less toxicity. This study was to evaluate the cell cytotoxicity effect
of fractions isolated from Pleurotus florida on cancer cell lines.
Materials & Methods: R5, F5, R10, R30 and R100 fractions were isolated from Pleurotus florida
body extract. The growth inhibitory activity of these fractions was determined for different cancer cell
lines using colorimetric MTT assay.
Results: Results showed that isolated fractions showed significant inhibitory activity for cancer cell
lines in a dose-dependent manner. Some of the fractions such as R100 and R30 exhibited more
inhibitory activity against HT-29. Among the tested cell lines, HT-29 was very sensitive to these
fractions.
Conclusion: Isolated fractions particularly R100 fraction from Pleurotus florida body extract showed
cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines. So, they could be studied as anti-cancer agents in tumor-bearing
animal models and subsequently in clinical trials for cancer patients. Further studies are needed to
elucidate the mechanisms by which R100 fraction act.
Keywords: Pleurotus florida, Cancer cell lines, Cytotoxicity
Address: Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Tel: 09354262960
Email: mahmoudim@mums.ac.ir
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Associate Professor of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
MSc in Immunology, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical
Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3
Associate Professor of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
4
MSc in Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,
Mashhad, Iran
5
Professor of Immunology, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of
Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (Corresponding Author)
2
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
QUANTITATIVE VARIATION OF CD29+T LYMPHOCYTES AND NK
CELLS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN COMPARISON
WITH HEALTHY ONES
M Ghafourian Boroujerdnia1, PhD; MS Seraj2; MD, E Jahanbachsh3, MD
Received: 17 April, 2009; Accepted: 18 Nov, 2009
Abstract:
Background & Aims: Rheumatoid Arthritis is an inflammatory disease. The cause is yet unknown. It
is possible that in causing the disease immunological responses be involved. The aim of this study
was to compare CD29+T lymphocytes and NK cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy
people.
Materials & Methods: In this study twenty five patients being affected with rheumatoid arthritis
(examined group) and twenty five healthy people (control group) were examined. Peripheral blood
samples were taken from both groups, after lysing of red cells, labeled with antibodies against T
lymphocyte (CD3), very late activation antigen (CD29), and NK cell (CD56). Then percentage of the
cells was assessed by flow cytometry technique. The data from two groups were compared and
analyzed by T-test.
Results: There was a significant difference among the average population of CD29+ and NK cells in
examined and control groups (p <0.5). The numbers of CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD29+ T
lymphocytes in control and examined groups were not significantly different.
Conclusion: It seems that increase and activation of CD29+ lymphocytes and NK cells affect the
process of the disease and its intensity in cartilage damage and bone erosions, probability via the
production of inflammatory cytokines.Further studies are required to clarify the role of T and NK
cells with clinical manifestations and severity of disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Flow cytometry, CD29+T lymphocytes, NK cells
Address: Immunology Department, Medical College, Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical
Sciences, Ahvaz , Iran
Tel: (+98) 9161184882
Email: mehri_ghafourian@yahoo.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Associate Professor of Immunology, Medical College, Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences,
Ahvaz, Iran (Corresponding Author)
2
Assistant of Internal Medicine, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,
Iran
3
General Practitioner, Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE ADMINISTRATION ON THE
REGENERATION OF SCIATIC NERVE IN CASTRATED MALE RAT
Gh Farjah1, PhD; T Peirouvi2, PhD; M Fatahi3, MD
Received: 9 June, 2009; Accepted: 21 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: Considering the limits of accessing to safe and appropriate donor sites for
nerves graft, risk of neuroma, and fibrous tissue formation, it is necessity to study on finding
appropriate alternatives for successful nerve regeneration.
Materials and Methods: After injuring of sciatic nerve, rats were divided into 6 groups as follows:
testectomy without testosterone injection; testectomy with testosterone injection; without testectomy
with testosterone injection; control (injury and regeneration of nerve plus normal saline injection),
Sham surgery and normal. All the animals were studied 7, 21, 35, 60 and 90 days after the surgery by
sensory and motor tests or (Sciatic functional index) SFI and at the end of the 12 th week they were
restudied by light microscope.
Results: The response delay mean to a painful stimulation in group one was significantly lower than
groups three and four. There was no significant differences between the experimental groups in SFI
mean by the end of the fourth week after regeneration. The mean difference of SFI from the fourth
week to end of the twelfth week was significant in the first group than the second and third group. The
total number of myelin axons of the first group at the end of the twelfth week was significantly
different from the second and third groups and myelin thickness of first group was notably different
from the third group.
Conclusion: Testosterone injection can be useful during regeneration period in order to enhance
wound healing and peripheral nerves injuries, particularly in patients with sexual disorders.
Keywords: Sciatic functional index, Testectomy, Testosterone, Rat
Address: P.O. Box: 57135-1683, Urmia, Iran
Tel: 09143465448
Email: hfarjah@hotmail.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Assistant Professor of Anatomy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Assistant Professor of Anatomy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
3
General Practitioner, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)
2
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
THE SURVEY OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN GRAM NEGATIVE
BACILLI, ISOLATED FROM URINE CULTURE SPECIMENS, IMAM
REZA HOSPITAL-KERMANSHAH
M Kanani1, MD; S.H Madani2, MD; S Khazaei3, MSc3; M Shahi4, MD
Received: 14 April, 2009; Accepted: 21 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: Antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens is a worldwide problem.
The selection of initial treatment is made on an empiric basis and susceptibility testing is important to
modify empirical therapy, especially for treatment of common bacterial pathogens. The aim of the
present study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of gram negative pathogens found in
urine cultures.
Materials & Methods: The study samples were all urine specimens submitted for culture in central
laboratory of Imam Reza Hospital during a 12-month period during 2006-2007. All of the specimens
were cultured on MacConky agar, blood agar and differential media for gram negative bacteria. After
diagnosis and isolation of gram negative bacteria, proper inoculum was used for susceptibility testing.
Susceptibility testing was done by disk diffusion test (Kirby-Bauer method) and interpreted according
to NCCLS recommendation.
Results: Of 10492 cultured urine samples, 1815 (17.29%) specimens had positive results,
1239(68.2%) cases were positive for gram negative bacteria and the most common pathogen was
E.coli (66.3%). Antibiotic susceptibility results revealed that gram negative bacterial have the greatest
susceptibility to imipenem (67.9%). The E.coli antibiogram profile showed the greatest resistance to
ampicillin (91.6%) and cotrimoxazole (61.3%). Pseudomonas Sp. was an exception that resisted to all
antibiotics except for imipenem (100%) and ciprofloxacin(69%).
Conclusion: According to the results, it is apparent that an antimicrobial susceptibility test of bacteria
differs by geographic region; therefore, in order to confirm a diagnosis, Antibiotic resistance patterns
of a community and empirical therapy must be considered.
Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Antibiogram susceptibility, Gram negative bacilli
Address: Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Educational Hospital, Kermanshah
University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Tel: (+98) 9354262960
E-mail: malek_kan@yahoo.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
Resident of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Educational Hospital, Kermanshah
University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
2
Assistant Professor of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Educational Hospital,
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3
Master of Microbiology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Educational Hospital,
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
4
General Practitioner, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Imam Reza Educational Hospital, Kermanshah
University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
The Journal of Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vol. 21(1), Spring, 2010
EFFECT OF A12- WEEK SELECTIVE AEROBIC EXERCISE TRIAL
IN WATER ON FEMORAL AND LUMBAR SPINE BONE DENSITY IN
OBESE POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
M Movassag1, MSc; A Tofighi2, Ph.D
Received: 19 July, 2009; Accepted: 21 Oct, 2009
Abstract
Background & Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week selective
aerobic exercise trial in water on bone density in obese postmenopausal women.
Materials & Methods: Twenty obese post menopausal women volunteered to participate in this study.
The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (age: 50±3.87, height: 150±7.06,
weight: 80±2.05 and BMI: 30+3.51) and a control group (age: 50±3.83, height:150±7.61,
weight:80±2.75 and BMI:30±3.37). The experimental group performed selective aerobic training in
water for 3 months: the first month 3sessions/wk, the second month 4 sessions/wk and the last month
5 sessions/wk. Each session lasted 90 minutes with HRmax intensity of 65 ‫ـ‬75%. The control group
did not participate in any physical activity program during the study period. Bone density of lumbar
spine and femur was measured in both groups before and after exercise training period by
densitometry method. Calcium and phosphorus was measured too. The data were analyzed with
paired and independent samples T‫ـ‬test.
Results: There was a significant increase in femoral bone density in the experimental group compared
with the control group at the end of the study(P<0.05). In the experimental group the lumbar spine
bone density was increased moderately but not significantly (P<0.05). On the other hand, calcium and
phosphorus levels were not significantly different between the two groups in end of study period.
Conclusion: It is indicated that one period of selective aerobic exercise trial in water enhances
femoral and lumbar spine bone density in obese postmenopausal women.
Keyword: femoral bone density, lumbar spine bone density, 12‫ـ‬week selective aerobic exercise, obese
postmenopausal women.
Address: Urmia University of Medical Science, Resalat Ave., Urmia, Iran Tel: (+98) 09144414375
E-mail: m.movassag@gmail.com
Source: UMJ 2010: 21(1): ISSN: 1027-3727
1
2
Master of Physical Education , Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)
Assistant Professor of Physiology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran