PROJECT IDENTIFICATION FORM (PIF)
PROJECT TYPE: Full-sized Project
THE GEF TRUST FUND
S
Submission Date: sept.30 07
Re-submission Date: nov 30, 07
PART I: PROJECT IDENTIFICATION
GEFSEC PROJECT ID1: 3394
GEF AGENCY PROJECT ID: AFDB
COUNTRY(IES): Zambia
PROJECT TITLE: Sustainable Land Management in Zambia
GEF AGENCIES: AfDB, IFAD
OTHER EXECUTING PARTNERS: AfDB, JIBEC
GEF FOCAL AREAS: Land Degradation
GEF-4 STRATEGIC PROGRAM(S): LD, SP 1, SP2
A. PROJECT FRAMEWORK (Expand table as necessary)
INDICATIVE CALENDAR
Expected Dates
Milestones
Work Program (for FSP)
November
2007 CEO Endorsement/Approval
October 2008
GEF Agency Approval
June 2008
Implementation Start
September
2008
Mid-term Review
September
2010
Implementation Completion
September
2013
Project Objective: To improve land productivity, through improved soil and water management.
GEF Increment: To promote sustainable integrated land and water managemant strategies and practices in both
lowland and upland watershed ecosystems to improve ecosystem services and increase productivity of key
rangelands and woodlands.
Project Components
1
Investment,
TA, or STA**
1. Lowland soil and
water management
Investment
2. Rainfed soil and
water management
Investment
Expected
Outcomes
Expected
Outputs
Reduction of
soil erosion,
+Water use
efficiency
improved,
-Access to clean
energy
improved
+ All
components
of soil quality
improved
against
baseline,
+Level of
carbon
sequestration
increased,
+ River
siltation
controled and
drainage
improved
+ cleaner and
controled
biomass
management
practices
+ Reduction of
soil and water
erosion
+rangeland and
agro-forestry
systems
+ All
components
of soil quality
improved,
+Net Primary
Productivity
(vegetation
Project ID number will be assigned initially by GEFSEC.
PIF Template, August 9, 2007
Indicative
GEF
Financing*
(M $)
%
Indicative
Co-financing*
(M $)
%
1.30
12.3
9.25
87.6
1.50
9
15.052
91
Total
(M $)
10.56
16.552
1
improved
+improved
livelihood
3. Enabling
TA
STA
+Institutional
framework for
SLM improved.
+Awareness and
stewardship for
SLM enhanced.
+Diffusion and
uptake of
improved SLM
knowledge
increased+
Sustainable
Land
Management
national
platform
contibuted to by
all actors
cover
enhanced
with rainfall
use
efficiency),
against the
baseline
+
Productivity
in SIP
investment
areas, (
rangeland and
forests),
increased
against
baseline
+NAP 2002
reviewed and
updated +
New crosssectoral SLM
policies and
strategies
developed.
+ Local and
national
institutional
capacities
strengthened
+TerrAfrica
(TA) partners
mobilised to
facilitate the
establishment
of a large
Sustainable
Land
Management
base
91.7
14.568
0.4
9.5
4.00
90.5
4.40
9.5
41.68
90.5
List the $ by project component. The percentage is the share of GEF and co-financing respectively to the total amount for the
component.
** TA = Technical Assistance; STA = Scientific & technical analysis.
4.4
46.08
environment for SLM
1.20
8.2
13.358
4. Project management
Total project costs
B. INDICATIVE FINANCING PLAN SUMMARY FOR THE PROJECT (M $)
Agency Fee
Project Preparation
GEF Grant
Co-financing
Total
0.2
1.20
1.40
Project
(to be shared
equally between
AfDB and IFAD)
4.4
41.68
46.08
Total
0.45
5.05
0.45
42.88
47.93
C. INDICATIVE CO-FINANCING FOR THE PROJECT (INCLUDING PROJECT PREPARATION AMOUNT) BY SOURCE
AND BY NAME
Sources of Co-financing
Government Contribution
GEF Agency (IFAD and AfDB)
PIF Template, August 9, 2007
Type of Co-financing
In Kind/Cash
Soft loans
Amount
8.14
27.02
2
Others: beneficiaries
Total co-financing
In-kind
7.72
42.88
PART II: PROJECT JUSTIFICATION
A. STATE THE ISSUE, HOW THE PROJECT SEEKS TO SOLVE IT, AND THE EXPECTED GLOBAL
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS TO BE DELIVERED:
Issue. Land degradation in Zambia is a major threat that severely affects the environmental, economic and
social structures and functions of the country's key ecosystems. The problem is particularly severe in the MidZambezi Basin which is one the most food insecure region of the country. Both the upland and watershed
ecosystems in this region have degraded mainly due intensive and ever expanding agricultural activities, leading
to deforestation, soil erosion, river siltation and sedimentation. The situation has been exacerbated by recurring
droughts and flooding. This has resulted in a reduction of land productivity, with a continuous loss of soil
fertility and moisture, a decrease in land cover and carbon sequestration, a loss of the natural biological
diversity and a disruption of some key watershed functions. It is well documented that land degradation and
poverty are intertwined and related in a vicious circle in this region. Poverty is regarded as both the
consequence and root cause of land degradation.
Project. The project is part of the umbrella TerrAfrica and its Strategic Investment Program (SIP) for
sustainable land management in sub-Saharan Africa. It is consistent with the overall objectives of
TerrAfrica/SIP and fits directly within all the defined cluster of activities eligible for SIP support, namely: (i)
supporting on-the-ground activities for scaling up SLM, (ii) creating a conducive enabling environment for
SLM at both the local and national level, with activities including capacity building, review of country
investment programmes and public expenditure frameworks and SLM mainstreaming..etc., (iii). strengthening
commercial and advisory services for SLM, and (iv) developing effective SLM knowledge management, M&E
and information dissemination systems. Given the magnitude and consequences of land degradation in the
Zambezi River Basin, the GEF incremental funding would complement the AfDB/Government investment in
the Mid-Zambezi Water Management For Food Secutiry Program, by generating global environment benefits
through SLM-targeted investements, improved enabling environment for coordinated SLM, and enhanced
institutional capacities. The GEF-funded activities will include (i) on-the-ground investements, on both the
lowland and rainfed ecosytems, that would contribute to reducing soil erosion and river siltation, improving soil
quality and water use efficiency, reducing CO2 emission and increasing carbon sequestration. These activities
which include, among others: conservation agriculture, wood plantation, water conservation and use practices,
and will target mainly rangelands and woodlands priority areas; (ii) enabling activities that support institutional
strengthening and capacity building (project area and national level), baseline analysis and policy formulation
and implementation (barriers to investment in SLM, NAPA implementation), coordination and partnership
development for SLM, and SLM knowledge management ( targeted-research, M&E, I&C strategy).
Global Benefits. The Global Benefits accrued from GEF's increment would include reduction and control of
further land degradation, conservation and regeneration of biodiversity, increased resilience to climate change
impact, increased the local population capacity for stewardship of natural resource management, improved
management of transboudary water resources (surface and aquifers).
B. DESCRIBE THE CONSISTENCY OF THE PROJECT WITH NATIONAL PRIORITIES/PLANS:
The project is fully aligned to and supportive of the environmental and rural development priorities defined by
the Government of Zambia. It is fully in line with the 5th National Development Plan (FNDP) which is
implementing the long-term development objectives defined in Zambia's National Vision 2030. The FNDP
recognizes the intertwined links between poverty and natural resource degradation and calls for adequate
natural resources management system to be put in place both at community and national levels. The project will
feed into and support the implement of the PRSP which hihglight the need to mainstream gender, HIV/AIDS. A
significant proportion of beneficiary households within the poorer livelihood groups are de facto female headed
in the project's area.Given the low asset base of these households, there are frequently few reserves available to
compensate for reduced or failed harvests. Despite the fact that an estimated 60% of family labour in zambia is
provided by women, labour limitations are important in female headed households, resulting in almost half of
the land controlled by such a households being left fallow. The prevalence of HIV/AIDs within the programme
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PIF Template, August 9, 2007
area is already high and rising from from 16 % to 32 % over the period 1999 to 2002 according to FAO data
contributing to a greater burden on women who also have to fetch water and firewood walking long distances.
The project will provide tangible direct support for women as the main beneficiaries. It will also provide
concrete direct support for the implementation of the National Environment Action Plan (NEAP) as well as the
National Action Plan to Combat Desertification (UNCCD-NAP), which remains the key environmental
planning and implementation instruments during the FNDP period. Key priority areas identified are:
environmental institutional capacity building, sustainable environmental management to protect essential
environmental functions and processes, management of environemental information, and public awareness and
participation. The project is also consistent with the Government's Agricultural and Land, Forestry and
Livestock policies, which recognize the central function of an healthy environment in fostering agricultural
growth, increasing rural household incomes and improving rural livehood and development. All these policies
give a central role of communities in the management of their natural resources. The project wil also concur
with the Fifth Development Plan of the government (2006-2010), particularly with the sector environment
investment program of which Sustainable Land Management is a priority, and the Comprehensive Africa
Agriculture Development Program (CAADP) pillar 1 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO),
both contributing to a national Sustainable Land Management platform.
C. DESCRIBE THE CONSISTENCY OF THE PROJECT WITH GEF STRATEGIES AND FIT WITH STRATEGIC
PROGRAMS:

The core objective of the GEF incremental project is to mitigate the causes and negative impacts of land
degradation on the structure and health of lowland and upland ecosystems through sustainable land
management (SLM) practices, in the Zambian segment of the Mid-Zambezi Basin. As such it is
consistent with the mission, objective and strategy of the GEF focal area on land degradation (i.e.
desertification and deforestation). It directly contributes to its two following strategic objectives (SO):
Strategic Objective 1: which aims at “creating an enabling environment that will place SLM in the
mainstream of development policy and practice at regional, national and local levels”. The project in
this context, through targeted policy, regulatory and institutional reforms, capacity development, and
investments needs, will facilitate the integration of SLM into relevant local and national planning and
budgetary frameworks.
Strategic Objective 2: which aims at “generate mutual benefits
for the global environment and local livelihoods through the upscaling of SLM investments”. The
project, in line with this SO, will provide targeted additionnal funding to the Mid-Zambezi program to
support community-driven SLM interventions on the main drivers of ecosystems degradation: land
use/land cover changes (avoiding further deforestation and promoting sustainable agriculture); natural
resource consumption ( sustainable forestry and rangeland management) and adaptation to climate
change. The project fits well with the boundaries of GEF-4 Strategic Program 1 which aims at "
Supporting sustainable agriculture and rangeland management". The project also fits well in GEF's
high-priority agro-ecological zones. It is in located in the semi-arid, dry sub-humid to temperate zone of
Southern Africa where land degradation is putting in danger the fragile mixed forest, rangeland and
cropping systems. The project will bring the financial and technical support needed to mitigate land
degradation at community level and set the stage for the design of a national framework for SLM which
will attract additional investments. A comprehensive process of consultations on thematic and design
issues with a wide variety of regional and national stakeholders will be put in place. Stakeholders,
including civil society, will participate in implementation at two levels: regional program level and at
the level of individual operations. Both sustainability and replicability will be secured through
coordination with the soon to be completed AFDB-financed Small-Scale Irrigation Project focused
Southern and Lusaka provinces, particularly with respect to lessons learnt from community-driven
integrated approaches to natural resources management. Lessons learnt from the GEF-funded
Sustainable Land Management in the Zambian Miombo Woodland Ecosystem will of high value and
reflected in the design of the project. The project will also collaborate with World Bank's Agricultural
Development Support Program (ADSP) and IFAD's Smallholder Enterprise and Marketing Program
(SHEMP) which both supports access of smallhoders to markets. IFAD-funded Smallholder livestock
Investment Project and SIDA-funded Agricultural Support Project (ASP) would also be key partners.
The project will also greatly benefit from the Multi-country: Regional Atmospheric Deposition
Monitoring Network (EADN) which involve DRC, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique, Sudan, Central
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PIF Template, August 9, 2007
African Republic, Ghana, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda and Ethiopia. Through targeted research and
associated scientific capacity development, this GEF-funded project will help identify land uses and
areas of land degradation that are the sources of significant mobilization of macronutrients into the
atmosphere, and enable the establishment of a monitoring network.
D. OUTLINE THE COORDINATION WITH OTHER RELATED INITIATIVES:
.
In line with NEPAD, RECs and UNCCD priorities and TerrAfrica objectives, this project will serve as one
important platform for NEPAD’s implementation of the SLM dimensions of its CAADP and Environment
Action Plan (EAP), specifically addressing functional ecosystem integrity of the land resource. This project will
also contribute to generating knowledge that are essential in carring out some of the global environmental
assessments, including in particular UNEP/FAO-led LADA, UNEP-led Global Environment Outlook as well as
its Africa Environment Outlook. It will also useful builds bridges with UNDP's regional IEM program. This
project which is a fullfledged component of SIP operations will be subsequently considered as part of the
TerrAfrica annual work program. This will allow the project to secure optimal support from the platform and
the coordination with the broader work program under TerrAfrica, which involves partners beyond the GEF
Family.
E. DISCUSS THE VALUE-ADDED OF GEF INVOLVEMENT IN THE PROJECT DEMONSTRATED THROUGH
INCREMENTAL REASONING :
Without GEF, the project would be designed and managed as a classical irrigation project ( with water as a
single resource concern ) with short-term production gains derived from infrastructure and institutional capacity
enhancemenent. The local environmental benefit achieved mainly on the lowland ecosystem would be limited
in scope and not sustainable.
With the GEF, the project will address the issue of ressource management in a much more integrated and
programmatic way. Land and water, as well as upland and lowland concerns will be addressed in the holistic
context of the watershed. Knowleldge and experience accrued from the project will, in the long run, lead to the
design and establishment of an holistic and functional country-wide sustainable land management framework.
The Southern province, where the project will be implemented, is charaterised by a serie of desertificationrelated problems such as: indiscrimate cutting down of trees, soil erosion, inadequate pastoral lands, windy and
dusty conditions, siltation, low water level, low yield and poor road infrastructure (NAP 2002). The GEF
component will see sustainable agriculture introduced as a mitigation measure in order to achieve improved and
sutainable agricultural productivity through technologies that emphasise good management of the organic
matter of the soil and water. The GEF component will have a strong gender persepctive which will include
training, promotion of physical and biological soil conservation structures, soil fertility, rain water management,
farm and communal afforestation and range and pasture management for livestock development.
F. INDICATE RISKS, INCLUDING CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS, THAT MIGHT PREVENT THE PROJECT
OBJECTIVE(S) FROM BEING ACHIEVED. AND IF POSSIBLE INCLUDING RISK MEASURES THAT WILL BE
TAKEN:
THE MAIN RISKS FACING THE PROJECT ARE (I) THE LIKELY WORSENING OF THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS WITH THE
INCREASING INSTABILITY IN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS WITHIN THE SADC REGION. THE RISK OF FURTHER
DETERIORATION IN THE LEVEL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF RAINFALLS EXISTS WITHIN THE PROGRAMME
AREA. THE MITIGATION MEASURES WOULD BE TO IMPROVE WEATHER FORCASTING AND PROMOTE THE USE OF
DROUGHT TOLERANT VARIETIES AND SPECIES, (II) THE LACK OF SUSTAINED POLITICAL WILL TO IMPROVE
ENABLING ENVIROMENTS FOR MULTI-SECTORAL PROGRAM IN FACE OF COMPETING PRIORITIES, COUPLED WITH
NATURAL BUREAUCRATIC RESISTANCE (FROM SOME LOCAL AND EXTERNAL INSTITUTIONS OR STAKEHOLDERS)
TO SHIFTING FROM A PROJECT BASED TO PROGRAMMATIC APPROACH. THE MITIGATION MEASURES WOULD
INCLUDE AMONG OTHERS: AWARENESS RAISNG AND TRAINING, ESTABLISHMENT OF A TRANSPARENT CROSSSECTORAL JOINT WORK PROGRAMMING, IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING, PROMOTION OF INCENTIVES TO
PARTNERSHIP, ETC; (III) THE CONTINUOUS WEAK CAPACITY OF BOTH NATIONAL AND LOCAL INSTITUTIONS
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PIF Template, August 9, 2007
WOULD AFFECT PROGRESS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT. OF PARTICULAR CONCERN IS THE POOR
OVERSIGHT AND CONTROL OF LOCAL INVESTMENT FUNDS (LIF) TO BE USED AS A KEY CHANNEL TO COMMUNITY
FINANCING. THE MITIGATION MEASURE WOULD INCLUDE APPROPRIATE CAPACITY BUILDING BASED ON A
THOROUGH NEED ASSESSMENT TO BE CONDUCTED AT THE INITIATION OF THE PROJECT. A PARTICULAR FOCUS
WILL BE PUT ON FINANCIAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY.
G. DESCRIBE, IF POSSIBLE, THE EXPECTED COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROJECT.
The central rationale to promote an integrated, multi-sectoral and sustainable SLM approach in Zambia is the
potential to reduce the unit cost of achieving sustainable resources management objectives and lower
transaction costs over the medium to long terms. At this stage of the project preparation a thorough analysis of
the cost effectiveness cannot be achieved. However, the proposed GEF project, which is fully blend with the
AfDB Mid-Zambezi project, will factor in all the required principles to achieve cost effectiveness, lower
transaction cost and harmonization and coordination. The first step towards these objectives is the establishment
of a national SLM consultative mechanism, that is inclusive, and transparent. Then will follow (i) the definition
of a shared vision, partnership principles and code of conduite, and (ii) the development of common planning,
monitoring and knowledge management tools.
H. JUSTIFY THE COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF THE GEF AGENCY
The AfDB and IFAD are in the comparative matrix for land degradation capacity building and investment
PART III: APPROVAL/ENDORSEMENT BY GEF OPERATIONAL FOCAL POINTS AND GEF
AGENCIES
A. RECORD OF ENDORSEMENT OF GEF OPERATIONAL FOCAL POINT (S) ON BEHALF OF THE
GOVERNMENT(S): (Please attach the country endorsement letter(s) or regional endorsement letter(s) with this template).
(Mr M.R.Mulele,
Permanent Secretary,
Ministry of Tourism, Environment and NR,
Zambia
Date: 18/10/07
B. GEF AGENCY(IES) CERTIFICATION
This request has been prepared in accordance with GEF policies and procedures and meets the GEF
criteria for project identification and preparation.
Dr. Hany RShalaby
African Development Bank
GEF Agency Coordinator
Mr. Hany R. Shalaby
African Development Bank
Project Contact Person
Date: October 30, 2007
Tel. and Email: 00 216 71 10 3006 /00 216 21 79
6330 h.shalaby@afdb.org
hanyshalaby2003@yahoo.com
Please do not forget to copy IFAD/GEF Registry on official communications: gefregistry@ifad.org
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PIF Template, August 9, 2007