Dr. Wei-Chyung Wang (March 13, 2008) BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Dr. Wei-Chyung Wang is Professor of Applied Sciences at State University of New York at Albany (SUNYA). Since September 1989, he has been the head of the Climate System Sciences Section of the Atmospheric Sciences Research Center at SUNYA. Prior to that time, he was Vice President for Research at Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Prof. Wang received his B.S. from National Cheng Kung University in Tainan, Taiwan in 1965; his M.S. from the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1970; and his Doctor of Engineering Sciences from Columbia University in New York City in 1973. All three degrees were in mechanical engineering. Professor Wang has broad background in atmospheric radiation, and climate modeling and data analysis. His research focuses on the global and regional climate changes due to increases of atmospheric greenhouse gases and aerosols associated with human activities. Prof. Wang has been developing global and regional climate models for understanding the physical and chemical processes concerning the greenhouse effect and changes of atmospheric ozone, and for assessing future regional climate changes. He is also engaged in research of evaluating the effect and impact of climatic changes on social and economic activities and policy implication. Prof. Wang has over 130 publications in more than twenty (20) refereed journals including Science and Nature. His research has been funded by U.S. federal agencies, FAA, DOD, NASA, DOE, and NSF, and by private industry, Electric Power Research Institute and Chemical Manufacturers Association. In addition to conducting climate change research, Professor Wang teaches graduate courses and is active in graduate education related to global change. He has been a mentor of graduate students in four SUNYA academic departments, the Atmospheric Sciences, Biology, Physics, and Political Sciences. On the research significance, Professor Wang has made two unique contributions. He was the first to publish in a 1976 issue of Science an article identifying CH4 and N2O as important greenhouse gases, and in 1980 in Nature and J. Atmospheric Sciences articles indicating the important climatic effect of ozone changes in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. On the “radiation sciences”, in early 1970s, Professor Wang contributed significantly to the development of the “correlated k-distribution” method, which provides a theoretical framework in treating the coupled gaseous (water vapor, ozone, carbon dioxide) absorptions and emissions, and aerosol/cloud multiple-scattering medium. This method has been widely used in calculating the radiative forcing involving aerosols and clouds in climate change studies. On the international level, he has been participating in the United Nations sponsored environmental studies such as the World Meteorological Organization's Ozone Assessment and the United Nations Environmental Program’s Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Changes. He has organized numerous international workshops focusing on the issues related to climate changes over East Asia, atmospheric ozone changes and increases of greenhouse gases. Professor Wang has contributed significantly to the scientific exchanges between the United States and the People’s Republic of China. Since 1987, he has been serving as the U.S. Chief Scientist for a joint agreement on “Climate Sciences” between the U. S. Department of Energy and the PRC Ministry of Sciences and Technology with focus on the reconstruction and model simulation of climate over East Asia in the past 2,000 years, and development of field measurement programs to understand the aerosol indirect effect, and the improving modeling capability for predicting regional climate and future climate changes. HONORS AND AWARDS 19871987 Honorary Professor, Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Certificate of Appreciation, Basic Energy Sciences/Office of Energy Research, Department of Energy; with citation “invaluable contribution to the scientist-to-scientist collaborative Carbon Dioxide and Climate Research Program of the United States Department of Energy and the People's Republic of China's Academy of Sciences, for sustaining his high scientific productivity while providing intellectual leadership to both the U.S. and Chinese scientists, and for the generosity with which he gave his expert counsel” 1 1 1989-92 Honorary Professor, Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China. University at Albany Award for Excellence in Research Appreciation Plaque, Office of Science, Department of Energy, with citation “For your insightful counsel and excellent science. You have proven to be the cornerstone for the success of the joint global change research program between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Chinese Academy of Sciences with your service as the U. S. Chief Scientist” Award for Scientific Achievements in Environmental Physics, European Physical Society/Balkan Physical Union Certificate of Appreciation for “tremendous contribution to the strengthening of the cooperation between scientists of China and the United States in climate change study”, Bureau of Science and Technology for Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1994 1998 2002 2005 PUBLICATIONS (Refereed Journals and Book Chapters) 1974 1. 2. 1976 3. 4. 5. 1978 6. 1980 7. 8. 9. 10. 1981 11. 1982 12. 1983 13. 14. 15. 16. 1984 17. 18. Wang, W.-C., and G.A. Domoto, 1974: Radiative transfer in homogeneous nongray gasses with nonisotropic particle scattering. J. Heat Transfer, August, 385-390. Wang, W.-C., and G.A. Domoto, 1974: The radiative effect of aerosols in Earth's atmosphere. J. Appl. Meteor., 13, 521-534. Wang, W.-C., 1976: A parameterization for the absorption of solar radiation by water vapor in Earth's atmosphere. J. Appl. Meteor. 15, 21-27. Wang, W.-C., Y.L. Yung, A.A. Lacis, T. Mo, and J.E. Hansen, 1976: Greenhouse effects due to man-made perturbations of trace gases. Science, 194, 685-690. Yung, Y.L., W.-C. Wang, and A.A. Lacis, 1976: Greenhouse effect due to atmospheric nitrous oxide. Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 319-621. Hansen, J.E., W.-C. Wang, and A.A. Lacis, 1978: Mount Agung eruption provides test of a global climatic perturbation. Science, 199, 1065-1068. Hansen, J.E., A.A. Lacis, P. Lee, and W.-C. Wang, 1980: Climatic effect of atmospheric aerosol. Aerosols: Anthropogenic and natural sources and transport. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 338, 575-587. Wang, W.-C., J.P. Pinto, and Y.L. Yung, 1980: Climatic effects due to halogenated compounds in the Earth's atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 333-338. Wang, W.-C., and P.H. Stone, 1980: Effect of ice-albedo feedback on global sensitivity in a one-dimensional radiative-convective model. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 545-552. Wang, W.-C., and N.D. Sze, 1980: Coupled effects of atmospheric N2O and O3 on the Earth's climate. Nature, 286, 589-590. Wang, W.-C., W.B. Rossow, M.S. Yao, and M. Wolfson, 1981: Climate sensitivity of a one-dimensional radiative convective model with cloud feedback. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1167-1178. Wang, W.-C., 1982: Ozone change: Climatological effects. In Man and Stratospheric Ozone, F.A. Bower and R.B. Ward (eds.), Volume II, CRC Press, 123-135. Wang, W.-C., and P.B. Ryan, 1983: Overlapping effect of atmospheric H2O, CO2, and O3 on the CO2 radiative effect. Tellus, 35B, 81-91. Wang, W.-C., 1983: An analytical expression for the total band absorption of infrared-radiating gases. J. Quant. Spectros. Radiat. Transfer, 29, 279-281. Wang, W.-C., 1983: Climatic effects due to man-made perturbations of atmospheric trace gases. Scientia Atmospherica Sinica, 7, 210-222 (in Chinese). Hameed, S., W.M. Yeh, M.T. Li, R.D. Cess, and W.-C. Wang, 1983: An analysis of periodicities in the 1470 to 1974 Beijing precipitation record. Geophys. Res. Lett., 10, 436-439. Molnar, G., and W.-C. Wang, 1984: Dynamical heat flux feedbacks and global climate stability. Ann. Int. Glaciological Soc., 5, 106-110. Wang, W.-C., G. Molnar, T.P. Mitchell, and P.H. Stone, 1984: Effects of dynamical heat flux on model climate sensitivity. J. Geophys. Res., 89, 4699-4711. 2 2 1985 19. 20. 1986 21. 22. 1987 23. 24. 1988 25. 26. 27. 1989 28. 29. 1990 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 1991 39. 40. Gutowski, W.J., W.-C. Wang, and P.H. Stone, 1985: Effects of dynamical heat fluxes on model climate sensitivity: meridional sensible and latent heat fluxes. J. Geophys. Res., 90, 13081-13086. Wang, W.-C., and G. Molnar, 1985: A model study of the greenhouse effects due to increasing atmospheric CH4, N2O, CF2Cl2, and CFCl3. J. Geophys. Res., 90, 12971-12980. Wang, W.-C., D. Wuebbles, W.M. Washington, R. Isaacs, and G. Molnar,1986: Trace gases and other potential perturbations of global climate. Rev. Geophys., 24, 110-140. Shi, G.-Y., W.-C. Wang, M.K.W. Ko, and M. Tanaka, 1986: Radiative heating due to stratospheric aerosols over Antarctica. Geophys. Res. Lett., 13, 1335-1338. Isaacs, R.G., W.-C. Wang, R.D. Worsham, and S. Goldenberg, 1987: Multiple scattering LOWTRAN and FASCODE models. Appl. Opt., 26, 1272-1281. Ronberg, B., and W.-C. Wang, 1987: Climate patterns derived from Chinese proxy precipitation records: An evaluation of the station networks and statistical techniques. J. Climatology, 7, 215-229. Wang, W.-C., N.D. Sze, G. Molnar, M.K.W. Ko, and S. Goldenberg, 1988: Ozone-climate interactions associated with increasing atmospheric trace gases. Tropospheric Ozone; Regional and Global Scale Interactions, I.S.A. Isaksen (ed.) D. Reidel Publ. Co., 147-159. Wang, W.-C. and G.-Y. Shi, 1988: Total band absorptances and k-distribution for atmospheric gases. J. Quant. Spectros. Radiat. Transfer, 39, 387-397. Koomanoff, F., T. Ye, M.R. Riches, C. Zhao, W.-C. Wang, and S. Tao, 1988: U.S. Department of Energy and P.R.C. Chinese Academy of Sciences joint research on greenhouse effect. Bull. Amer. Meteoro. Soc., 69, 1301-1308. Schneider, H., M.K.W. Ko, N.D. Sze, G-Y. Shi, and W.-C. Wang, 1989: An evaluation of the role of eddy diffusion in Stratospheric interactive 2-D models. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2079-2093. Wang, W.-C., 1989: Review of "The Climate of China" by Domros and Peng. Bull. Amer. Meteoro. Soc., 70, 794-795. Wang, W.-C., G. Molnar, M.K.W. Ko, S. Goldenberg and N.D. Sze, 1990: Atmospheric trace gases and global climate: A seasonal model study. Tellus, 42B, 149-161. Fisher, D.A., C.H. Hales, W.-C. Wang, M.K.W. Ko, and N.D. Sze, 1990: Relative effects on global warming of halogenated methanes and ethanes of social and industrial interest. Nature , 344, 513-516. Jones, P. D., P. Y. Groisman, M. Coughlan, N. Plummer, W.-C. Wang and T. R. Karl, 1990: Assessment of urbanization effects in time series of surface air temperature over land. Nature, 347, 169-172. Mohnen, A. V., W. Goldstein, and W.-C. Wang, 1990: The scientific challenge of measuring climate change: Global warming and its energy implications. Energy Policy, September, 641-651. Wang, W.-C. and K. Li, 1990: Precipitation fluctuation over semiarid region in northern China and the relationship with El-Nino/Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 3, 769-783. Karl, T.R., W.-C. Wang, M.E. Schlesinger, R.W. Knight, and D. Portman,1990: A method of relating general circulation model simulated local climate to the observed climate. Part I. Central tendencies and dispersion. J Climate, 3, 1053-1079. Wang, W.-C., Z. Zeng, and T. R. Karl, 1990: Urban heat islands in China. Geophys. Res. Lett, 17, 2377-2380. Li, Kerang and W.-C. Wang, 1990: Climatic features of arid and semiarid region in China. Chinese J. Arid Land Research, 3, 207-217. Li, K., X. Lin and W.-C. Wang, 1990: The long range variational trend of temperature in China from 1951 to 1988. Geographical Res. 9, 26-36. (in Chinese with English subtitle); also in The Journal Chinese Geography, 1992, 3, 82-96. (in English) Mohnen, V. A., W. Goldstein, and W.-C. Wang, 1991: The conflict over global warming: The application of scientific research to policy choices. J. Global Environ. Change, 1, 109-123. Gutowski, W.J., D.S. Gutzler, and W.-C. Wang, 1991: Surface energy balances of three general circulation models: Implications for simulating regional climate change. J. Climate, 4, 121-134.. 3 3 41. 42. 1992 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 1993 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. Wang, W.-C., M. P. Dudek, X. Liang, and J. T. Kiehl, 1991: Inadequacy of effective CO2 as a proxy in simulating the greenhouse effect of other radiatively active gases. Nature, 350, 573-577. Wang, W.-C., G.-Y. Shi, and J.T. Kiehl, 1991: Incorporation of the thermal radiative effect of CH4, N2O, CFCl3, and CF2Cl2 into the NCAR community climate model. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 9097-9103. Wang, W.-C., 1992: Climatic effects due to increasing atmospheric trace gases and their induced ozone changes. in Ozone Depletion: Implications for the tropics, (Ed.) M. Ilyas, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, pp. 292-301. Zhang, P.-Y, W.-C. Wang, and S. Hameed, 1992: Evidence for anomalous cold weather in China 1815-1817. in The Year Without a Summer? World Climate in 1816 (Ed.) C. R. Harington, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Canada, pp. 436-447. Wang, W.-C., D. Portman, G. Gong, P. Zhang and T. Karl, 1992: Beijing summer temperatures since 1724, in Climate Since A.D. 1500 (Eds.) R. Bradley and P. Jones, Routledge London, pp. 210-223. Portman, D. A., W.-C. Wang, and T. R. Karl, 1992: Comparison of general circulation model and observed regional climates: Daily and seasonal variability. J. Climate, 5, 343-353. Riches, M. R., Zhao J., W.-C. Wang, and Tao, S., 1992: The United States' Department of Energy and the People's Republic of China's Academy of Sciences joint research on the greenhouse effect: 1985-1990 research progress. Bull. Amer. Meteoro. Soc. 73, 585-594. Molnar, G. and W.-C. Wang, 1992: Effects of cloud optical property feedbacks on the greenhouse warming. J. Climate , 5, 814-821. Mohnen, V. A. and W. -C. Wang, 1992: An overview of global warming. Environ. Toxicology and Chemistry, 11, 1051-1059. Wang, W.-C., M. P. Dudek, and X. Liang, 1992: Inadequacy of effective CO2 as a proxy to assess the greenhouse effect of other radiatively active gases. Geophys. Res. Lett. , 19, 1375-1378. Wang, W.-C., J. London, I. Isaksen, K., Shine, R. Ellingson, and F. Taylor, 1992: Summary report of the IUGG-IAMAP workshop MW5: Climatic effects of atmospheric trace constituents, Vienna, 19-20 August 1991. Bull. Amer. Meteoro. Soc. 73, 801-804. Wang, W.-C. and Y. Zhang, 1992: Comparison of surface air temperature in China between general circulation model simulations and observations. J. Chinese Geography, 3, 58-82. Zhang, Y. and W.-C. Wang, 1992: Air temperature field near the ground in mid-Holocene in China. (Eds.) Y. Zhang and P.-Y. Zhang, Meteorological Publ., Beijing, pp. 57-73. (in Chinese with English abstract.) Zhang, Y. and W.-C. Wang, 1992: The potential change of surface air temperature under the condition of global warming induced by CO2 doubling. (Eds.) Y. Zhang and P.-Y. Zhang, Meteorological Publ., Beijing, pp. 228-237. (in Chinese with English abstract.) Wang, W.-C. and Y. Zhang, 1992: The potential change of precipitation of China under the condition of global warming induced by CO2 doubling. (Eds.) Y. Zhang and P.-Y. Zhang, Meteorological Publ., Beijing, pp. 238-246. (in Chinese with English abstract.) W.-C. Wang and Q. Ge, 1993: Greenhouse effect's impact on China's social and economic development. Science and Technology Review, No. 57, 59-63. (in Chinese) Li, W., W. Cong, and W.-C. Wang, 1993: The formation and the development of CAMS two-dimensional dynamical-physical climate model. Acta Met. Sinica, 7, 129-146. Wang, W.-C., Q.-Y. Zhang, D. Easterling and T. Karl, 1993: Beijing cloudiness since 1875. J. Climate, 6, 1921-1927. Ko, M. K. W., N. D. Sze, W.-C. Wang, G., Shia, A. Goldman, F. J. Murcray, D. G. Murcray, and C. P. Rinsland, 1993: Atmospheric sulfur hexafluoride: Sources, sinks and greenhouse warming. J. Geophys. Res., 98, 10499-10507. Wang, W.-C., Y. Zhuang, and R. Bojkov, 1993: Climate implications of observed changes in ozone vertical distributions at middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Geophys. Res. Lett, 20, 1567-1570. 4 4 61. 62. 63. 1994 64. 65. 66. 67. 1995 68 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 1996 79. 80. 81. 82. Mohnen, V. A., W. Goldstein, and W.-C. Wang, 1993: Tropospheric ozone and climate change. J. Air & Waste Management Association, 43, 2-14. Cess, R. D. (with 29 authors), 1993: Uncertainties in carbon dioxide radiative forcing in atmospheric general circulation models. Science, 262, 1252-1255. Bradley, R. S., D. Sheu, and W.-C. Wang, 1993: High resolution paleoclimatic records from monsoon Asia. EOS, 74, 601-604. Wang, W.-C., X.-Z. Liang, and M. P. Dudek, 1994: Effect of global warming on the regional climate in China. 19-29. In Climate-Biosphere Interactions: Biogenic Emissions and Environmental Effects of Climate Change. (Ed.) Richard G. Zepp, John Wiley & Sons, Wiley-Interscience. Wang, S.-W. and W.-C. Wang, 1994: Application of historical documentary records in reconstruction of the Paleo-climate series in China. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 5, 373-381, Taiwan. Wang, W.-C. and I. S. A. Isaksen, 1994: A report on workshops: GCM study of climate-chemistry interaction. Bull. Amer. Meteoro. Soc., 75, 1671-1675. Gong, W., X. Zhou, and W.-C. Wang, 1994: A diagnostic study of feedback mechanism in greenhouse effects simulated by NCAR CCM1. ACTA. Meteoro. Sinica, 8, 270-282. Mohnen, V., W. Goldstein, and W.-C. Wang, 1995: The potential role of tropospheric ozone as a climate gas. Bull. World Meteoro. Organization, 44., 38-42. Wang, W.-C., M. P. Dudek, and X.-Z. Liang, 1995: chapter 9: The greenhouse effect of trace gases. 317-346, in Future climates of the World , (Ed.) A. Henderson-Sellers, Elsevier Science Publ. Number 16 of the World Survey of Climatology. Wang, W.-C., X.-Z. Liang, M. P. Dudek, D. Pollard and S. L. Thompson, 1995: Atmospheric ozone as a climate gas. Atmospheric Research, 37, 247-256. Liang, X.-Z., W.-C. Wang and M. P. Dudek, 1995: Interannual variability of regional climate and its change due to the greenhouse effect. Global and Planetary Change, 10, 217-238. Liang, X.-Z., A. N. Samel, and W.-C. Wang, 1995: Observed and GCM simulated decadal variability of monsoon rainfall in east China. Climate Dynamics, 11, 103-114. Samel, A. N., S.-W. Wang, and W.-C. Wang, 1995: A comparison between observed and GCM simulated summer monsoon characteristics over China. J. Climate, 8, 1690-1696. Liang, X.-Z. and W.-C. Wang, 1995: A GCM study of the climatic effect of observed 1979-1992 ozone trend. in Atmospheric Ozone as A Climate Gas, (Eds) W.-C. Wang and I. S. A. Isaksen, 259-288, NATO ASI Series, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Fuglestvedt, J. S., J. E. Jonson, W.-C. Wang, and I. S. A. Isaksen, 1995: Responses in tropospheric chemistry to changes in UV fluxes, temperatures and water vapor densities. in Atmospheric Ozone as A Climate Gas, (Eds) W.-C. Wang and I. S. A. Isaksen, 145-162, NATO ASI Series, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Mohnen, V. A., W. Goldstein, and W.-C. Wang, 1995: A new challenge: Assessing tropospheric ozone as a climate gas. Atmospheric Environment, 29, 641-642. Shine, K. P., B. P. Briegleb, A. S. Grossman, D. Hauglustaine, H. Mao, V. Ramaswamy, M. D. Schwarzkopf, R. Van Dorland, and W.-C. Wang, 1995: Radiative forcing due to changes in ozone: A comparison of different codes. in Atmospheric Ozone as A Climate Gas, (Eds) W.-C. Wang and I. S. A. Isaksen, 373-396, NATO ASI Series, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. Cox, S. J., W.-C. Wang, and S. E. Schwartz, 1995: Climate response to radiative forcings by sulfate aerosols and greenhouse gases. Geophys. Res. Let. 22, 2509-2512. Berntsen, T., I. S. A. Isaksen, W.-C. Wang and X.-Z. Liang, 1996: Impacts of increased anthropogenic emissions in Asia on tropospheric ozone and climate: A global 3-D model study. Tellus, 48B, 13-32. Liang, X.-Z., W.-C. Wang, and M. P. Dudek, 1996: Northern hemispheric interannual teleconnection patterns and their changes due to the greenhouse effect. J. Climate, 9, 465-479. Dudek, M.-P., X.-Z. Liang, and W.-C. Wang, 1996: A regional climate model study of the scale-dependence cloud-radiation interaction. J. Climate, 9, 1221-1234. Fuglestvedt, J. S., I. S. A. Isaksen and W.-C. Wang, 1996: Estimates of indirect global warming potentials for CH4, CO and NOx. Climatic Change, 34, 405-437. 5 5 83. 1997 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 1998 89. 90. 91. 92. 1999 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 2000 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. Liu, C.-M., M.-C. Wu, W.-C. Wang, 1996: Potential climate change in Taiwan during greenhouse warming: A semi-empirical approach. J. Environ. Protection Soc., 19, 1-23, Republic of China. Liang, X.-Z. and W.-C. Wang, 1997: Effect of cloud overlap on GCM climate simulations. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 11,039-11,047. Liang, X.-Z., K. R. Sperber, W.-C. Wang, and A. N. Samel, 1997: Predictability of SST forced climate signals in two atmospheric general circulation models. Climate Dynamics, 13, 391-415. Zhang, Y. and W.-C. Wang, 1997: Model simulated northern winter cyclone and anticyclone activity under a greenhouse warming scenario. J. Climate, 10, 1616-1634. Cess, R. D. (with 36 co-authors), 1997: Comparison of atmospheric general circulation models to satellite observations of the seasonal change in cloud radiative forcing. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16,593-16,603. Zhao, Z., Y. Luo, R. Leung, S. Ghan, W.-C. Wang, and H.-L. Wei, 1997: Simulation of summer monsoon over East Asia: Intercomparisons of three regional climate models. Quart. J. Appl. Meteoro., 8, 116-122. (in Chinese) Wang, W.-C., H.-H. Hsu, W.-S. Kau, X.-Z. Liang, LinHo, C.-T. Chen, A. N. Samel, C.-H. Tsou, P.-H. Lin, and K.-C. Ko, 1998: GCM simulations of the east Asia climate. 473-482. Proceedings of the Third East Asia-West Pacific Meteorology and Climate Conference, (Ed.) C.-P. Chang, World Scientific Publication, Corp. pp562. Wei, H., C. Fu, and W.-C. Wang, 1998: The effect of lateral boundary treatment of regional climate model on the East Asian summer monsoon rainfall simulation. Sci. Atmos. Sinica., 22, 779-790. (in Chinese) Liang, X.-Z. and W.-C. Wang, 1998: Associations between China monsoon rainfall and tropospheric jets. Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 124, 2597-2623. Liang, X.-Z. and W.-C. Wang, 1998: The observed fingerprint of 1980-1997 ENSO evolution in the NCAR CSM equilibrium simulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1027-1030. Samel, A.N., W.-C. Wang, and X.-Z. Liang, 1999: The monsoon rainfall period and interannual variability over China. J. Climate, 12, 115-131. Fuglestvedt, J., T. K. Berntsen, I. S. A. Isaksen, H. Mao, X.-Z. Liang, and W.-C. Wang, 1999: Climatic forcing of nitrogen oxides through changes in tropospheric ozone and methane: Global 3-D model studies. Atmos. Environ., 33, 961-977. Leung, L.R., S.J. Ghan, Z.-C. Zhao, Y. Luo, W.-C. Wang, and H.-L. Wei,, 1999: Intercomparison of regional climate simulations of the 1991 summer monsoon in East Asia, J. Geophys. Res. 104, 6425-6454. Joseph, E. and W,-C. Wang, 1999: An interactive cirrus cloud radiative parameterization for global climate models. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 9501-9515. Wei, H. and W.-C. Wang, 1999: A regional climate model simulation of summer monsoon over East Asia: A case study of 1991 flood in Yantgze-Huai River Valley. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 15, 489-509. Prather, M. (with W.-C. Wang and eleven other authors), 1999: Chapter 6. Potential climate change from aviation. 185-216, In Aviation and the Global Atmosphere, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press. Pp373. Wang, W.-C., W. Gong, and H. Wei, 2000: A regional model simulations of 1991 severe precipitation event over Yantze-Huai river valley. Part I: Precipitation and circulation statistics. J. Climate, 13, 74-92. Gong, W. and W.-C. Wang, 2000: A regional model simulation of 1991 severe precipitation event over Yangtze-Huai river valley. Part II: Model bias. J. Climate, 13, 93-108. Riches, M. R., W.-C. Wang, P.-Q. Chen, S.-Y. Tao, S.-G. Zhou, and Y.-H. Ding, 2000: The Joint Agreements on “Global and Regional Climate Change” Studies Between the United States and the Peoples Republic of China. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc., 81, 491-500. Wong, S. and W.-C. Wang, 2000: Inter-hemispheric asymmetry in the seasonal variation of the zonal mean tropopause. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 26,645-26,659. Wang, W.-C., I. S. A. Isaksen, J. Wang, M. Gauss, and X.-Z. Liang, 2000: Atmospheric ozone as a climate gas: Studies concerning aircraft emissions. 105-119, in “Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer”. (Eds.) C. S. Zerofos, I. S. A. Isaksen, and I. 6 6 2001 104. 105. 106. 107. 2002 108. 2003 109. 110. 111. 112. 2004 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 2005 118. 119. 2006 120. 121. 122. Ziomas. NATO Science Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Vol. 557, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London. Liang, X.-Z., W.-C. Wang, and A. N. Samel, 2001: Biases in AMIP simulations of the East China monsoon system. Clim. Dyn., 17, 291-304. Isaksen, I. S. A., T. K. Berntsen, and W.-C. Wang, 2001: NOx emissions from aircraft: Its impact on the global distribution of CH4 and O3 and on the radiative forcing. Terr. Atmos. Oceans, 12, 61-78. Wang, W.-C., W. Gong, and J.-P. Chen, 2001: SUNYA regional model simulation of radiative forcing and climate impact due to contrails over regions around Taiwan. Terr. Atmos. Oceans, 12, 179-194. Lee, H.-C. and W.-C. Wang, 2001: Environmental impacts and policy options for aviation: Taiwan’s responses within the global framework. Terr. Atmos. Oceans, 12, 195-208. Liang, X.-Z., A. N. Samel, and W.-C. Wang, 2002: China rainfall interannual predictability: Dependence on the annual cycle and surface anomalies. J. Climate, 15, 2555-2561. Wong, S. and W.-C. Wang, 2003: Tropical-Extratropical Connection in Interannual Variation of the Tropopause: Comparison between NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis and an Atmospheric General Circulation Model Simulation. J. Geophys. Res., 108(D2), 4043, doi:10.1029/2001JD002016. Ge, Q., J.-Y. Zheng, X.-Q. Fang, Z.-M. Man, P.-Y. Zhang, X.-Q. Zhang and W.-C. Wang, 2003: Winter half-year temperature reconstruction for the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow river and Yangtze river during the past 2000-years. Holocene, 13, 995-1002. Gauss, M., I. S. A. Isaksen, S. Wong, and W.-C. Wang, 2003: Impact of H2O emissions from cryoplanes and kerosene aircraft on the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 108(D10), 4304, doi:10.1029/2002JD002623. Mao, H., W.-C. Wang, X.-Z. Liang and R. W. Talbot, 2003: Modeled geographical and seasonal variations of O3 and NO2 photodissociation rate coefficients. J. Geophys. Res., 108(D7), 4216, doi:10.1029/2002JD002760. Wang, W.-C., W. Gong, W.-S. Kau, C.-T. Chen, H.-H. 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