Nomen:
Dies est VII/IX/MMXIII
Latin II, Summer Session
Class Notes
PROPOSITUM: DWBAT decline nouns in all 5 declensions, identify the declension of a
noun, and translate nouns according to their cases
Facite Nunc: Complete the following declension charts below to the best of your ability
1ST DECLENSION
fortūna, fortūnae f. fortune, fate
CASE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
2ND DECLENSION
vir, virī m. man
CASE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
3RD DECLENSION
rēx, rēgis m. king
CASE
SINGULAR
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
4TH DECLENSION
PLURAL
Nomen:
Dies est VII/IX/MMXIII
Latin II, Summer Session
Class Notes
senātus, senātūs m. senate
CASE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
5TH DECLENSION
rēs, reī m. thing, situation
CASE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Neuter Rule
For a neuter noun of ANY declension, the __________ singular is identical to the
_________ singular and the ___________plural and the ___________plural end in the
letter ‘___’.
Determining Declension Number
A noun’s declension number can be determined from its __________ singular ending.
Declension
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
Gen. Sg. Ending
Nomen:
Dies est VII/IX/MMXIII
Latin II, Summer Session
Class Notes
Once a noun’s declension is known, we then know what set of endings that noun may
have. That set of endings is added to the stem of that noun.
The stem of a noun is determined by removing the _______ singular ending from the
___________ singular form of the word.
Ex. puella, puellae f. girl
• This noun is a 1st declension noun because it’s genitive singular ending is -ae.
• It’s stem is puell- (genitive singular form “puellae” - gen. sg. ending “-ae” = puell-)
• To decline it, add 1st declension endings (-a, -ae, -ae, -am, -ā, -ae, -ārum, -īs, -ās, -īs)
Exerceāmus! (Let’s Practice)
Determine the declension of the following nouns, give their stems, and then decline them in the
case and number combinations given. Leave d) blank until after we review.
1. dux, ducis m. leader
a) Declension number: __3rd___
b) Noun stem: __duc-___
c) Nominative plural form: ____ducēs____
d) Translation: ____________
2. exercitus, exercitūs m. army
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Ablative plural form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
3. bellum, bellī n. war
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Accusative plural form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
4. insula, insulae f. island
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Genitive plural form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
5. diēs, diēī m. day
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Accusative singular form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
6. corpus, corporis n. body
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Dative singular form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
Nomen:
Dies est VII/IX/MMXIII
Latin II, Summer Session
Class Notes
7. agricola, agricolae m. farmer
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Dative plural form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
8. arbor, arboris f. tree
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Ablative plural form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
9. impetus, impetūs m. assault, attack
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Accusative plural form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
10. amor, amoris m. love
a) Declension number: _____
b) Noun stem: ________
c) Ablative singular form: _______________
d) Translation: ____________
Translating Nouns
Latin nouns have different cases because each cases serve to explain the way that noun is functioning in
a given sentence, whether it be a subject, direct object, indirect object, etc. As a result, there are stock
formulas we can generally use to translate nouns according to case.
After reviewing the chart below, translate part d) for numbers 1-10 above.
Case
Latin Form
English Translation
rēx
the king _(verb)_
Genitive
rēgis
of the king
Dative
rēgī
to/for the king
rēgem
__(verb)__ the king
rēge
BWIOF the king
Nominative
Accusative
Ablative