DIGITAL ELECTRONICS COURSE, WINTER 2005
1
Low-Voltage Swing Logic for a 16-bit Carry
Skip Adder
Yousof Mortazavi

Abstract—These instructions give guidelines for preparing
reports for your computer assignments for Digital Electronics.
You may use this template if you are using Microsoft Word.
Describe a brief abstract of what you have done in the lab and the
flow of your work. Do not delete the blank line immediately above
the abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column.
I. INTRODUCTION
T
HIS document gives instructions for writing computer
assignment reports for Digital Electronics. It is based on
IEEE’s transactions style and may be used to ensure a visually
appealing report. The first section in the body of any report
(after the abstract) is the introduction. Start this section with a
general statement and narrow it down until reaching a clear
explanation of what will be done in the assignment. Mostly use
the passive voice, but in case you absolutely need to use the
active tone, use “we” rather than “I” even if you are the only
author. Assume the reader has no clue what you have done and
were asked to do. Make sure you establish the value of your
work and where it fits in. Don’t leave out any details such as
the technology you used (e.g. 0.35 μm) or standard CMOS,
etc. Be as descriptive as possible.
Normally one uses the present passive tense to describe
what is done in the process of the assignment. For example: In
this work, a mirror full adder is designed and simulated for a
0.35 μm technology.
Dedicate a paragraph to explaining what sections are going
to follow. For example: The modeling of the full adder is
described in section II, while the test methodology is explained
in section III. Next in section IV, the results are summarized.
Finally, conclusions are drawn in section V.
waveforms, etc., but for small figures and tables, you may
include them in the text.
B. Figures and Tables
Clearly label and number your figures, tables and
appendices and don’t forget to refer to them in the text.
Without reference, you should not include any figure, table or
appendix. For example, magnetization is illustrated as a
function of applied field in Fig. 1. Furthermore, some units f or
magnetic properties are given in Table 1.
Figures should have descriptive captions and tables must
have a suitable title.
C. References
Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The
sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple
references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets
[1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the
relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the
reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or
“reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence:
“Reference [3] shows ... .”
Use IEEE style citations as given at the end of this
document.
II. SOME NOTES
A. Sections
Make sure you have the following separate sections as a
minimum: Introduction and background, methodology,
results, summary and conclusion, references (if you have
any) and finally appendices. If you feel you need to elaborate
more on a particular subject, dedicate a separate section or a
subsection to it. Use appendices to include large netlists,
Submitted February 12, 2005.
Indicated the date you submit your report. This will keep a history of your
work.
Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note that “Fig.” is
abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number, followed by two
spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the
caption.
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS COURSE, WINTER 2005
2
TABLE I
UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
Symbol

B
Conversion from Gaussian and
CGS EMU to SI a
Quantity
H
m
magnetic flux
magnetic flux density,
magnetic induction
magnetic field strength
magnetic moment
M
magnetization
4M

j
J
magnetization
specific magnetization
magnetic dipole
moment
magnetic polarization
, 


susceptibility
mass susceptibility
permeability
r
w, W
N, D
relative permeability
energy density
demagnetizing factor
1 Mx  108 Wb = 108 V·s
1 G  104 T = 104 Wb/m2
1 Oe  103/(4) A/m
1 erg/G = 1 emu
 103 A·m2 = 103 J/T
1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 103 A/m
1 G  103/(4) A/m
1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g  1 A·m2/kg
1 erg/G = 1 emu
 4  1010 Wb·m
1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3
 4  104 T
1  4
1 cm3/g  4  103 m3/kg
1  4  107 H/m
= 4  107 Wb/(A·m)
  r
1 erg/cm3  101 J/m3
1  1/(4)
No vertical lines in table. Statements that serve as captions for the entire
table do not need footnote letters.
aGaussian units are the same as cgs emu for magnetostatics; Mx =
maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T =
tesla, m = meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.
III. METHODOLOY
Explain your methodology and details of your
design/implementation. Describe what you did in past tense
using a passive voice. Give as much details as you can, and
describe the reasoning behind some of the decisions you had to
make.
IV. RESULTS
Results must be summarized in a table in a way that stands
out. The reader should be able to get a good idea of what was
done and what results were obtained by just looking at the
results and the summary and conclusions sections that follows
the results.
V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
Summarize your work and draw conclusions in this section.
The most important part of your assignments is this section.
Try to point out what you learned from doing this lab. What
challenges did you face and how did you solve them. How can
you explain your results. If they are different than what you
expected, what could be the reasons? Give as much thought to
this section as you can, because your conclusions are the main
purpose of doing the assignments.
REFERENCES
G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book style with
paper title and editor),” in Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New
York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64.
[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
[3] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. New
York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4.
[4] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An assessment of
feasibility (Periodical style),” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED11, pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959.
[5] S. Chen, B. Mulgrew, and P. M. Grant, “A clustering technique for
digital communications channel equalization using radial basis function
networks,” IEEE Trans. Neural Networks, vol. 4, pp. 570–578, July
1993.
[6] R. W. Lucky, “Automatic equalization for digital communication,” Bell
Syst. Tech. J., vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 547–588, Apr. 1965.
[7] S. P. Bingulac, “On the compatibility of adaptive controllers (Published
Conference Proceedings style),” in Proc. 4th Annu. Allerton Conf.
Circuits and Systems Theory, New York, 1994, pp. 8–16.
[8] Basic Book/Monograph Online Sources) J. K. Author. (year, month,
day). Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Volume(issue). Available:
http://www.(URL)
[9] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available:
http://www.atm.com
[10] (Journal Online Sources style) K. Author. (year, month). Title. Journal
[Type of medium]. Volume(issue), paging if given.
Available:
http://www.(URL)
[11] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, August). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3). pp.
876—880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03vidmar
[1]
APPENDIX 1
Use appendices as needed, after referring to them in the text.
The appendices may be single column or double column.
Number the pages and give each a proper number and title.
Try to make the columns of the last page equal in height.