CalGeo: Teaching Calculus using dynamic geometric tools Outcome 1.4.2 “Bibliography about student understanding of topics in Calculus’’. BIBLIOGRAPHY Adams, R. (2003). Calculus: A complete course. (5th ed.). Addison-Wesley. Agwu, N. M. A. (1995). Using a computer laboratory setting (CLS) to teach college calculus. (Syracuse University, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 57/02, 611. Alcock, L.J. (2001). Categories, definitions and mathematics: Student reasoning about objects in analysis. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Mathematics Education Research Centre, University of Warwick, UK. Alcock, L.J. and Simpson, A.P. (2002). Definitions: Dealing with categories mathematically. For the Learning of Mathematics, 22(2), 28–34. Alcock, L.J. and Simpson, A.P. (In press). Convergence of sequences and series: Interactions between visual reasoning and the learners beliefs about their own role. Educational Studies in Mathematics. Alcock, L.J., & Simpson, A.P. (2001). The Warwick analysis project: Practice and theory. In D. Holton (Ed.), The teaching and learning of mathematics at university level (pp. 99–111). Dordrecht: Kluwer. Aldis, G. K., Sidhu, H. S., & Joiner, K. F. (1999). Trial of calculus and maple with heterogeneous student groups at the Australian defense force academy. The International Journal of Computer Algebra in Mathematics Education, 6(3), 167-189. Almeqdadi, F., (1997). Graphics calculators in calculus: An analysis of students’ and teachers’ attitudes. (Ohio University, 1997). Dissertation Abstracts International , 58/05, 1627. Alves Dias, M., & Artigue, M. (1995). Articulation problems between different systems of symbolic representations in linear algebra. In L. Meira (Ed.), Proceedings of the 19th international conference on the psychology of mathematics education (Vol. I, pp. 34–41). Recife, Brazil. Andersen, K. (1985). Cavalieri's method of indivisibles, Archive for History of the Exact Sciences, 31, 291–367. Anderson, J., Austin, K., Barnard, T., & Jagger, J. (1998). Do third-year mathematics undergraduates know what they are supposed to know. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 29(3), 401-420. Arcavi A. (2003). The role of visual representations in the learning of mathematics. Educational Studies in Mathematics 52(3), 215–241. 1 Armstrong, G. M. & Hendrix, L. J., (1999). Does traditional or reformed calculus prepart students better for subsequent courses? A preliminary study. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science teaching, 18(2), 95–103. Artigue, M. (1986). The notion of differential for undergraduate students in the sciences. P.M.E. 10,London, 235-240. Artigue, M. (1991). Analysis. In D.O. Tall (Ed.), Advanced Mathematical Thinking (pp. 166– 198). Dordrecht: Kluwer. Artigue, M. (2000). Teaching and learning calculus: What can be learned from education research and curricular changes in France? In E. Dubinsky, A. H. Schoenfeld & J. Kaput (Eds.). Research in collegiate mathematics education IV, American Mathematical Society (pp. 1–15). Providence, Rhode Island. Artigue, M. (2003).Learning and teaching analysis: What can we learn from the past in order to think about the future? In D. Coray, F. Furinghetti, H. Gispert, B.R. Hodgson & G. Schubring (Eds.). One Hundred Years of L’Enseignement Mathématique. Moments of Mathematics Education in the Twentieth Century. L’Enseignement Mathématique, Genève, 213–223. Artigue, M., Chartier, G., & Dorier, J.L. (2000). Presentation of other research works. In J.L. Dorier (Ed.), On the Teaching of Linear Algebra (pp. 247–271). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Asiala, M., Brown, A., DeVries, D. J., Dubinsky, E., Mathews, D., & Thomas, K. (1996). A framework for research and curriculum development in undergraduate mathematics education. In: E. Dubinsky, A. Schoenfeld, & J. Kaput (Eds.), Research in collegiate mathematics education (Vol. 2, pp. 1–32). Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society. Asiala, M., Cottrill, J., Dubinsky, E., & Schwingendorf, K. (1997). The development of students’ graphical understanding of the derivative. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 16(3), (pages?). Ayers, T., Davis G., Dubinsky E. & Lewin P. (1988). Computer experiences in learning composition of functions. Journal for Research in Mathematical Education, 19(3), 248-59. Baker, B., Hemenway, C., & Trigueros, M. (2000). On transformations of basic functions. In: H. Chick, K. Stacey, & J. Vincent (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th ICMI Study Conference on the Future of the Teaching and Learning of Algebra (Vol. 1, pp. 41–47). University of Melbourne. Barnes, M. (1988). Understanding the Function Concept: Some Results of Interviews with Secondary and Tertiary Students. Research on Mathematics Education in Australia, 24-33. Baron, M.E. (1987). The Origins of the Infinitesimal Calculus. New York: Dover. Barton, S. D. (1996). Graphing calculators in college calculus: An examination of teachers’ conceptions and instructional practice. (Oregon State University, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 56/10, 3868. Bell, J.L. (1988).Infinitesimals. Synthese, 75, 285–315. 2 Berry, J., & Nyman, M. (2003). Promoting students’ graphical understanding of the calculus. Journal of Mathematical Behaviour, 22. 481-497 Biehler, R. (in press) Reconstruction of meaning as a didactical task: The concept of function as an example. In J. Kilpatrick, C. Hoyles & O. Skovsmose (Eds.), Meaning in Mathematics Education. Dordrecht: Kluwer. Bishop, E. (1967). Foundations of constructive analysis. McGraw-Hill. Bishop, E. (1977). Review of elementary calculus. In H.J. Keisler (Ed.), Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 83(2), (pp. 205–208). Bloch, I. (1999). L’articulation du travail mathématique du professeur et de l’élève dans l’enseignement de l’analyse en première scientifique. Recherches en Didactique des Mathématiques, 19(2), 135–194. Boero, P. , Dreyfus, T., Gravemeijer K., Gray, E., Hershkowitz, R., & Schwarz, B. (2002). Abstraction: theories about the emergence of knowledge structures. In: A.D. Cockburn & E. Nardi, (Eds.), Proceedings of the 26th international conference for the psychology of mathematics education (Vol. 1, pp. 113–138). UEA, Norwich, UK. Bolzano, B. (1950). Paradoxes of the infinite (translated from the German of the posthumous edition by Fr. Prihonsky and furnished with a historical introduction by Donald A. Steele).London: Routledge & Paul. Bookman, J., & Charles F. (1999). The evaluation of project CALC at Duke University 19891994. In B. Gold, S. Keith, & W. Marion (Eds.), Assessment practices in undergraduate mathematics, MAA Notes, 49, (pp.253-256). Washington DC: Mathematical Association of America. Borasi, R. (1985). Errors in the enumeration of infinite sets. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 7, 77–89. Borasi, R. (1985). Intuition and rigor in the evaluation of infinite expressions. Focus on LearningProblems in Mathematics, 7(3-4), 65-75. Borba, M. C. (1993). Students' understanding of transformations of functions using multirepresentational software. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University, U.S.A.. Published in 1994-Lisbon, Portugal: Associação de Professores de Matemática. Borba, M. C. (1995a) Overcoming Limits of software tools: A student's solution for a problem involving transformation of functions. In L.Meira et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the XVIII Psychology of Mathematics Education (Vol. II, pp. 248–255). Recife, Brazil: UFPE. Borba, M. C., & Confrey, J. (1992). Transformations of functions using multirepresentational software. Proceedings of the XVI Psychology of Mathematics Education (Vol. III, pp. 149) Durham: University of New Hampshire. Borba, M.C., & Confrey, J. (1996). A students’ construction of transformations of functions in a multirepresentational environment. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 31(3), 319–337. Borgen, K.L., & Manu, S.S. (2002). What do students really understand? Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 21(2), 151-165. 3 Bos, H.J.M. (1974). Differentials, higher-order differentials and the derivative in the Leibnizian calculus. Archive for History of the Exact Sciences, 14, 1–90. Bottazzini, U. (1986). The higher calculus: A history of real and complex analysis from Euler to Weierstrass. New York: Springer-Verlag. Bowden, J., & Ference M. (1998). University of learning: Beyond quality and competence in higher education. London: Kogan Page; Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing. Boyer, C. B. (1985). A History of Mathematics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Boyer, C.B. (1941). Cavalieri, limits and discarded infinitesimals. Scripta Mathematica, 8, 79– 91. Boyer, C.B. (1959). The History of the Calculus and its Conceptual Development. New York: Dover. Breidenbach, D., Dubinsky, E., Hawks, J., & Nichols, D. (1992).Development of the process conception of function. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 23, 247–285. Breidenbach, D., Dubinsky, E., Hawks, J., & Nichols, D. (in preparation). Development of the Process Concept of Function. Bremigan, E.G. (2005). An Analysis of Diagram Modification and Construction in Students' Solutions to Applied Calculus Problems, JRME, 36(3), 248-277. Bressoud, D. (1994). A Radical Approach to Real Analysis. Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America. Briggs, A. W. (1998). Defining uniform continuity first does not help. Letters to the editor, Notices of the AMS, 45 5, 462. Burn, R.P. (1992). Numbers and functions: Steps into Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Burn, R.P. (2003). Some comments on The Role of Proof in Comprehending and Teaching Elementary Linear Algebra by F. Uhlig. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 51, 183–184. Cajori, F. (1923). Grafting of the theory of limits on the calculus of Leibniz. American Mathematical Monthly, 30, 223–234. Cajori, F. (1925). Indivisibles and ghosts of departed quantities in the history of mathematics. Scientia, 37, 301–306. Carlson, M., Jacobs, S., Coe, T., Larsen, S.,& Hsu, E. (2002) Applying Covariational Reasoning While Modeling Dynamic Events: A Framework and a Study. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education,33 (5), 352-378. Carraher, D., Schliemann, A., & Nevirovsky, R., (1995). Graphing from everyday experience. Hands on. 10(2) (http://www.terc.edu/handson/f95/graphing.html). Terc, Mass. Castillo, T. (1998). Visualization, attitude and performance in multivariable calculus: relationship between use and nonuse of graphing calculator (college students). (The University of Texas at Austin, 1997). Dissertation Abstracts International, 59/02, 438. 4 Chevallard, Y. (2002a). ‘Organiser L’étude 1. Structures et fonctions’, in J.-L. Dorier et al. (eds.), Actes de la 11 e école d’été de didactique des mathématiques – Corps 21–30 Août 2001, La Pensée Sauvage, Grenoble, pp. 3–22. Christou, C., Zachariades, Th., & Papageorgiou, E. (2002). The difficulties and reasoning of undergraduate mathematics students in the identification of functions. Proceedings in the 10th ICME Conference. Crete: Wiley. Christou, C., Pitta-Pantazi, D., Souyoul, A., & Zachariades, T. (2005). The embodied, proceptual and formal worlds in the context of functions. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 5(2), 241-252. Cipra, B.A. (1988). Calculus: Crisis Looms in Mathematics’ Future. Science, 239, 1491-1492. Confrey, J. (1991a). Function Probe [computer program]. Santa Barbara: Intellimation Library for the Macintosh. Confrey, J. (1992). Function Probe. [MacIntosh sofware] Santa Barbara, CA: Intellimation Library for the MacIntosh. Confrey, J. (1992). Using computers to promote students' inventions of the function concept. In S.Malcom, L.Roberts, & K.Sheingold (Eds.), This Year In School Science 1991 (pp. 141– 174).Washington D.C: American Association for the Advancement of Science. Confrey, J. (1993a). The role of technology in reconceptualizing functions and algebra. In J. R.Becker & B. J.Pence (Eds.), Proceedings of the XV Psychology of Mathematics Education-NA (Vol. I, pp. 47–74). San Jose, U.S.A.: Center for Mathematics and Computer Science Education at San Jose State University. Confrey, J. (1993b). Diversity, tools, and new approaches to teaching functions. Paper presented at the China-Japan-U.S. Meeting on Mathematics Education, Shanghai: East-China Normal University. Confrey, J. (1994a). Six approaches to transformation of functions using multirepresentational software. Proceedings of the XVIII Psychology of Mathematics Education (Vol. I, pp. 47– 74), Lisbon: Lisbon University. Confrey, J., Rizutti, J., Scher, D., & Piliero, S. (1991). Documentation of Function Probe, unpublished manuscript. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University. Connors, M. A. (1995). Achievement and gender in computer-integrated calculus. Journal of Women and Minorities in Science and Engineering, 2, 113-121. Cooley, L. A. (1996). Evaluating the effects on conceptual understanding and achievement of enhancing an introductory calculus course with a computer algebra system (New York University, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 56/10, 3869. Cooley, L. A. (1997). Evaluating student understanding in a calculus course enhanced by a computer algebra system. Primus, 7(4), 308-316. Cooney, T.J., & Wilson, M.R. (1993). Teachers' thinking about function: Historical and research perspectives. In T.A. Romberg, E. Fennema & T. Carpenter (Eds.), Integrating Research about the Graphical Representations of Function (pp. 131–158). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 5 Cornu, B. (1981). Apprentissage de la notion de limite: modèles spontanés et modèles propres. Actes du Cinquième Colloque du Groupe Internationale PME, Grenoble, 322-326. Cornu, B. (1983). Apprentissage de la notion de limite: Conceptions et obstacles. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Scientifique et Médicale, Grenoble. Cornu, B. (1983). Apprentissage de la notion de limite: Conceptions et Obstacles. Thèse de Doctorat, Grenoble. Cornu, B. (1983). L'apprentissage de la Notion de Limites: Conceptions et Obstacles. Unpublished PhD thesis, L'Universite Scientifique et Medicale de Grenoble. Cornu, B. (1991). Limits. In D. Tall (Ed.), Advanced Mathematical Thinking (pp. 153–166). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Cottrill, J., Dubinsky, E., Nichols, D., Schwingendorf, K., Thomas, K., & Vidakovic, D. (1996). Understanding the Limit Concept: Beginning with a Coordinated Process Scheme. Journal of Mathematical Behavior,15(2), 167-192. Courant, R., & John, F. (1965). Introduction to Calculus and Analysis 1. Wiley International. Cowell, R. H., & Prosser, R.T. (1991). Computers with calculus at Dartmouth. Primus, 1(2), 149158. Crocker, D. A. (1993). Development of the concept of derivative in a calculus class using the computer algebra system Mathematica. In L. Lum (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fourth Annual International Conference on Technology in Collegiate Mathematics (pp. 251-255). Reading, MA: Addison Wesley. Dauben, J.W. (1988). Abraham Robinson and nonstandard analysis: history, philosophy, and foundations of mathematics. In W. Aspray & P. Kitcher (Eds.), History and Philosophy of Modern Mathematics (pp. 177–200). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Davis, B., Porta, H., & Uhl, J. (1994). Calculus & Mathematica®: Addressing fundamental questions about technology. In L. Lum (Ed.) Proceedings of the Fifth Annual International Conference on Technology in Collegiate Mathematics (pp. 305-314). Reading MA: Addison Wesley. Davis, M., & Hersh, R. (1972). Nonstandard analysis. Scientific American, 226, 78–86. Davis, R. B., & Vinner, S. (1986). The notion of limit: Some seemingly unavoidable misconception stages. Journal of Mathematical Behavior,5(3), 281-303. Davis, R.B., & Vinner, S. (1986). The Notion of Limit: Some Seemingly Unavoidable Misconception Stages. Journal of Mathematical Behaviour, 5(3), 281-303. de La Vallée Poussin, 1954 C. de La Vallée Poussin, d’Analyse Infinitésimale (8th ed.), Gauthiers-Villars, Paris. Demana & Waits 1988. Pitfalls in graphical computation, or why a single graph isn’t enough. College Mathematics Journal,19 (2) 177-183. Dennis, D., & Confrey, J. (1995). Functions of a curve: Leibniz's original notion of functions and its meaning for the parabola. The College Mathematics Journal, 26(3). 6 Dorier, J.-L. (2000). On the Teaching of Linear Algebra. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dorier, J.-L. (2002). Teaching linear algebra at university. In Li Tatsien (Ed.), Proc. Int. Congr. Mathematician, Beijing 2002, August 20-28, Vol III (Invited Lectures), pp. 875–884. Dorier, J.-L., & Sierpinska, A. (2001). Research into the teaching and learning of linear algebra. In D. Holton et al. (Eds.), The Teaching and Learning at University Level - An ICMI Study (pp. 253–271).Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dorier, J.-L., Robert, A., Robinet, J. and Rogalski, M. (1994). The teaching of linear algebra in first year of French science university, in Proc. 18th Conf. Int. Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Lisbon, 4(4), pp. 137–144. Dorier, J.-L., Robert, A., Robinet, J. and Rogalski, M. (2000). On a research program about the teaching and learning of linear algebra in first year of French science university. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Sciences and Technology, 31(1), 27– 35. Dorofeev, G. V. (1978). The concept of function in mathematics and in school. Mathematics in School, 2, 10 -27. Douglas, R. G. (Ed.) Towards a lean and lively calculus, MAA Notes 6. Washington, DC: MAA. Dreyfus, T. & Vinner, S. (1989). Images and Definitions for the Concept of Function. Journal forResearch in Mathematics Education, 20(4), 356-366. Dreyfus, T., & Eisenberg, T. (1982). Intuitive functional concepts: a Baseline Study on Intuitions. Journal for Research in Mathematical Education, 6(2), 18-24. Dreyfus, T., & Eisenberg, T. (1983). The Function Concept in College Students: Linearity, Smoothness, and Periodicity. Unpublished manuscript. Dreyfus, T., & Eisenberg, T. (1996). On different facets of mathematical thinking. In: R. Sternberg & T. Ben-Zeev (Eds.), The nature of mathematical thinking (pp. 253–284). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Dreyfus, T., & Halevi, T. (1990/91). QuadFun-A case Study of Pupil Computer Interaction, Journal of Computers in Math and Science Teaching, 10 (2) 43-48. Dreyfus, T., & Tsamir, P. (2002). Ben’s consolidation of knowledge structures about infinite sets. Tel Aviv University, Israel: Technical Report, available from the authors. Dreyfus, T., & Tsamir, P. (2004). Ben’s consolidation of knowledge structures about infinite sets. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 23(3), 271-300. Dreyfus, T., Hershkowitz, R., & Schwarz, B. B. (2001). Abstraction in context II: the case of peer interaction. Cognitive Science Quarterly, 1(3/4), 307–368. Dreyfus,T., & Vinner, S. (1982). Some aspects of the function concept in college students and junior high school teachers. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Antwerp, 12-17. Dubinsky, E. (1991). Reflective abstraction in advanced mathematical thinking. In D. Tall (Ed.), Advanced Mathematical Thinking (pp. 95–126). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 7 Dubinsky, E. (1992). A learning theory approach to calculus. In Z.A. Karian (Ed.), Symbolic Computation in Undergraduate Mathematics Theory. MAA Notes, 24 (pp. 43– 55).Washington. Dubinsky, E., & MacDonald, M. (2001). APOS: a constructivist theory of learning in undergraduate mathematics education research. In: D. Holton (Ed.), The Teaching and Learning of Mathematics at University Level: An ICMI Study (pp. 273–280). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dubinsky, E., & Yiparaki, O. (2000). On student understanding of AE and EA quantification. In E. Dubinsky, A. H. Schoenfeld & J. Kaput (Eds.), Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education IV (pp. 239–289).American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island, Dubinsky, E., Weller, K., Mcdonald, M.A., & Brown, A. (2005). Some historical issues and paradoxes regarding the concept of infinity: An Apos analysis: Part 2. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 60(2), 253-266. Dudley, U. (1993). Readings for Calculus. Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America. Dugdale, S. (1982). Green globs: A microcomputer application for graphing equations. Mathematics Teacher, 75, 208–214. Dugdale, S. (1984). Computers: Applications unlimited. In V. Hansen & M. Zweng (Eds.), Computers in Mathematics Education [NCTM Yearbook] (pp. 82–89). Reston, VA: NCTM. Dugdale, S., & Kibbey, D. (1989) Building a qualitative perspective before formalizing procedures: graphical representations as a foundation of trigonometric identities, Proceedings of the 11th Meeting of PME-NA. NJ. Edwards, B. (1997). An undergraduate student's understanding and use of mathematical definitions in real analysis. In J. Dossey, J.O. Swafford, M. Parmentier & A.E. Dossey (Eds.), Proceedings of the 19th Annual Meeting of the North American Chapter of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Columbus, OH,17–22. Edwards, C.H. (1979). The Historical Development of the Calculus. New York: Springer-Verlag. Edwards, C.H., & Penney, D. (2002). Calculus. (6th ed.) Prentice Hall International. Eisenberg, T., & Dreyfus, T. (1991). On visualizing functions transformations, Technical Report. Rehovot: The Weizmann Institute of Science. Eisenberg, T., & Dreyfus, T. (1994). On understanding how students learn to visualize function transformations. In: E. Dubinsky, A. Schoenfeld, & J. Kaput (Eds.), Research in collegiate mathematics education (Vol. 1, pp. 45–68). Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society. Ellis, R., & Gulik, D. (1991). Calculus, one and several variables, Saunders, Fort Worth. Ellison, M. (1994). The effect of computer and calculator graphics on students’ ability to mentally construct calculus concepts. (University of Minnesota, 1993). Dissertation Abstracts International, 54/11, 4020. 8 English, L.D. (1997). Mathematical Reasoning. Analogies, Metaphors and Images. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Ervynck, G. (1981). Conceptual difficulties for first year students in the acquisition of the notion of limit of a function, Actes du Cinquième Colloque du Groupe Internationale PME, Grenoble, 330-333. Ervynck, G. (1981). Conceptual difficulties for first year university students in the acquisition of the notion of limit of a function. Proceedings of the Fifth Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Berkeley, 330-333. Espinoza, L. (1998). Organizaciones matemáticas y didácticas en torno al objeto ‘límite de función’. Del ‘pensamiento del profesor’ a la gestión de los momentos del studio. Doctoral Thesis, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona. Estes, K. A. (1990). Graphics technologies as instructional tools in applied calculus: Impact on instructor, students, and conceptual and procedural achievement. (University of South Florida, 1990). Dissertation Abstracts International, 51/04, 1147. Even, R. (1988). Prospective secondary mathematics teachers’ knowledge and understanding about mathematical function. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis. Michigan State University. Even, R. (1989). Prospective Secondary Mathematics Teachers Knowledge and Under-standing about Mathematical Functions. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing. Even, R. (1990). Subject matter knowledge for teaching and the case of functions. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 21, 521–544. Even, R. (1998). Factors involved in linking representations of functions. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 17(1), 105–122. Falk, R. (1994). Infinity: A cognitive challenge. Theory and Psychology, 4(1), 35– 60. Falk, R., Gassner, D., Ben Zoor, F., & Ben Simon, K. (1986). How do children cope with the infinity of numbers? Proceedings of the 10th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, UK, London, 13–18. Farrell, J.P., & Heyneman, S.P. (1994). Planning for textbook development in developing countries. In T. Husén and T.N. Postlethwaite (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of Education (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 6360–6366). BPC Wheatons, Exeter. Ferrini-Mundi, J., & Graham, K. (1994). Research in calculus learning: Understanding of limits, derivatives and integrals. In J. Kaput & E. Dubinsky (Eds.), Reserach Issues in Undergraduate Mathematics Learning. MAA Notes 33, Washington, pp. 31–45. Ferrini-Mundy, J., & Graham K.G., (1991). An Overview of the Calculus Curriculum Reform Effort: Issues for Learning, Teaching, and Curriculum Development. American Mathematical Monthly, 98 (7), 627-635. Fischbein E., Tirosh D., & Melamed, U. (1981). Is it possible to measure the intuitive acceptance of a mathematical statement? Educational Studies in Mathematics, 12, 491-512. Fischbein, E. (1978). Intuition and mathematical education, Osnabrücker Schriften zür Mathematik, 1, 148–176. 9 Fischbein, E. (1982). Intuition and proof. For the Learning of Mathematics, 3(2), 9–24. Fischbein, E. (1987). Intuition in Science and Mathematics. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Reidel. Fischbein, E. (2001). Tacit models and infinity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2-3), 309-329. Fischbein, E., Jehiam, R., & Cohen, D. (1995). The concept of rational numbers in high school students and prospective teachers. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 29, 29–44. Fischbein, E., Tirosh, D., & Hess, P. (1979). The intuition of infinity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 10, 3–40. Fischbein, E., Tirosh, D., & Melamed, U. (1981). Is it possible to measure the intuitive acceptance of a mathematical statement? Educational Studies in Mathematics, 12, 491– 512. Fischbein, E., Tirosh, D., Hess, P. (1979). The intuition of infinity, Educational Studies in Mathematics, 12, 491-512. Fiske, M. (1995). A comparison of the effects on student learning of two strategies for teaching the concept of derivative. (The Ohio State University, 1994). Dissertation Abstracts International, 56/01, 125. Fitzsimmons, R. W. (1995). The relationship between cooperative student pairs’ Van Hiele levels and success in solving geometric calculus problems following graphing calculator-assisted spatial training. (Columbia University, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 56/06, 2156. Fraser, C. (1989). The calculus as algebraic analysis: some observations on mathematical analysis in the 18th century. Archive for History of the Exact Sciences, 39, 317–335. Fredenberg, V. (1994). Supplemental visual computer-assisted instruction and student achievement in Freshman College calculus (Visualization). (Montana State University, 1993). Dissertation Abstracts International, 55/01, 59. Frid, S. (1994). Three approaches to undergraduate calculus instruction: Their nature and potential impact on students' language use and sources of conviction. In E. Dubinsky, J. Kaput & A. Schoenfeld (Eds.), Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education I. AMS, Providence, RI Frid, S. (1994). Three approaches to undergraduate calculus instruction: Their nature and potential impact on students' language use and sources of conviction. CBMS Issues in Mathematics Education, 4, 69-100. Galindo, E. (1995). Visualization and students' performance in technology-based calculus. In D. T. Owens, M. K. Reed, & G. M. Millsaps (Eds.), Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the North America Chapter of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (pp. 321). Columbus, OH: ERIC Clearinghouse. Galindo-Morales, E. (1994). Visualization in the calculus class: Relationship between cognitive style, gender, and use of technology (The Ohio State University, 1994). Dissertation Abstracts International, 55/10, 3125. 10 Goldenberg, E. P. (1988). Mathematics, metaphors, and human factors: mathematical, technical, and pedagogical challenges in the educational use of graphical representation of functions. Journal of Mathematical Behavior,7(2), 135-173. Goldenberg, E. P. , Harvey, W., Lewis, P.G., Umiker, R.J., West, J., & Zodhiates, P. (1988). Mathematical, technical and pedagogical challenges in the graphical representation of functions (Tech. Rep. No.88-4), Educational Technology Center, Harvard Graduate School of Education. Goldenberg, E. P., & Kliman, M. (1990). What you see is what you see, Technical Report. Newton: Educational Technology Center. Goldenberg, E. P., Harvey, W., Lewis, P., Umiker, R., West, J., & Zodhiates, P. (1988). Mathematical, technical, and pedagogical challenges in the graphical representation of functions, Technical Report. Cambridge: Educational Technology Center. Grabiner, J.W. (1981). The Origins of Cauchy's Rigorous Calculus. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. Grabiner, J.W. (1983). Who gave you the epsilon? Cauchy and the origins of rigorous calculus. American Mathematical Monthly, 90, 185–194. Grabiner, J.W. (1983). The changing concept of change: the derivative from Fermat to Weierstrass. Mathematics Magazine, 56, 195–206. Graham, K. G., & Ferrini-Mundy, J. (1989). An Exploration of Student Understanding of Central Concepts in Calculus. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association. Grattan-Guinness, I. (1970) The Development of the Foundations of Mathematical Analysis from Euler to Riemann. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. Grattan-Guinness, I. (1980). From the Calculus to Set Theory, 1630- 1910. London: Duckworth. Gray, E.M. Pinto, M., Pitta, D., & Tall, D.O. (1999). Knowledge Construction and diverging thinking in elementary and advanced mathematics. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 38(1-3), 111–133. Gueudet-Chartier, G. (in press). Using geometry to teach and learn linear algebra, Research in Collegiate Mathematical Education. AMS, Providence, Rhode Island. Hahn, H. (1930/1988). Infinity. In J. R. Newman (Ed.), The World of Mathematics (Vol. 3, pp. 1576–1583). Washington, DC: Tempus Books. Hahn, H.K.M. (1956). The crisis in intuition. In J.R. Newman (Ed.), The World of Mathematics (pp. 1957–1976). New York: Simon & Schuster. Hairer, E., & Wanner, G. (1996). Analysis by its History. New York: Springer-Verlag. Harding, R. D., & Johnson, D. C. (1979). University level computing and mathematical problem solving ability. Journal of Research in Mathematics Education 10(1), 37–55. Hare, A. C. (1997). An investigation of the behavior of calculus students working collaboratively in an interactive software environment (Mathwright, computers). (The American University, 1996). Dissertation Abstracts International, 57/09, 3862. 11 Harel, G., & Dubinsky, E. (1992). The concept of function: Aspects of epistemology and pedagogy. Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America. Harel, G., & Kaput, J. (1991). The role of conceptual entities and their symbols in building mathematical concepts.In D.O. Tall (Ed.), Advanced Mathematical Thinking (pp. 82–94). Dordrecht: Kluwer. Harel, G., & Trgalová, J. (1996). Higher mathematics education. In: A. Bishop, K. Clements, C. Keitel, J. Kilpatrick & C. Laborde (Eds.), International handbook of mathematics education (pp. 675–700). Dordrecht: Kluwer. Harnik, V. (1986). Infinitesimals from Leibniz to Robinson: time to bring them back to school. Mathematical Intelligencer, 8(2), 41–47. Hauger, G. (1999). High school and college students’ knowledge of rate of change. (Michigan State University, 1998). Dissertation Abstracts International, 59/10, 3734. Heid, K. M. (1988). Resequencing Skills and Concepts in Applied Calculus Using the Computer as a Tool, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 19(1), 3-25. Henle, J. and Kleinberg, M. (1979). Infinitesimal Calculus, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. Hilbert, D. (1925/1989). On the infinite. In: P. Benacerraf, & H. Putnam (Eds.), Philosophy of Mathematics (pp. 183–201). New York: Cambridge University Press. Hillel, J., & Sierpinska, A. (1994). On one persistent mistake in linear algebra. Proc. 18th Int. Conf. on the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Lisbon, Vol. III, 65–72. Hitt, F. (1998). Difficulties in the articulation of different representations linked to the concept of function. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 17(1), 123–134. Hitt, F. (1998). Difficulties in the articulation of different representations linked to the concept of function. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 17(1), 123-134. Hsaio, F. S., (1984/85). A New CAI Approach to Teaching Calculus. Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 4(2), 29-36. Hughes H. D., Gleason, A. M., et al. (1994). Calculus. New York: John Wiley and Sons (Second Edition 1998). Jahnke, H.N. (2001). Cantor’s cardinal and ordinal infinities: an epistemological and didactical view. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2-3), 175-197. Janvier, C. (1987). Representations and understanding: The notion of function as an example. In Janvier, C. (Ed.), Tasks of representation in the teaching and learning of mathematics (pp. 67–71). London: Erlbaum. Janvier, C. (1998). The notion of chronicle as an epistemological obstacle to the concept of function. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 17(1), 79–103. Judson, P. T. (1988). Effects of modified sequencing of skills and applications in introductory calculus (The University of Texas at Austin, 1988). Dissertation Abstracts International, 49/06, 1397. Judson, P. T. (1990). Elementary business calculus with computer algebra. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 9, 153-157. 12 Judson, & Nishimori, (2005) Kalman, K. (1993). Six ways to sum a series. College Mathematics Journal, 24, 402–421. Kaput, J. J. (1994). Democratizing access to calculus: new routes to old roots. In: A. Schoenfeld (Ed.), Mathematical thinking and problem solving (pp. 77–156). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Kaput, J. J., & Roschelle, J. (1997). Deepening the impact of technology. Beyond assistance with traditional formalisms in order to democratize access to ideas underlying calculus. In: E. Pehkonen (Ed.), Proceedings of the 21st Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Lahti, Finland, July 14–19 (Vol. 1, pp. 105–112). Lahti, Finland: University of Helsinki. Kaput, J. J., & Thompson, P. W., (1994). Technology in Mathematics Education Research: The First 25 Years in the JRME. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 25(6), 676684. Karsenty, R. (2002). What do adults remember from their high school mathematics? The case of linear functions. Educational Studies in Mathematics,51(1), 117-144. Karsenty, R., & Vinner, S. (2000). What do we remember when it's over? Adults recollections of their mathematical experience Proceedings of the 24th international Conference, Psychology of Mathematics Education (Vol. 3, pp. 119–126) Hiroshima University, Hiroshima. Keisler, H.J. (1976). Elementary Calculus, Prindle. Boston: Weber and Schmidt. Keisler, J. (1986). Elementary Calculus: An Infinitesimal Approach (2nd ed.). Boston: Prindle,Weber & Schmidt. Keller, B. A., & Russell, C. A. (1997). Effects of the TI-92 on calculus students solving symbolic problems. The International Journal of Computer Algebra in Mathematics Education, 4(1), 77-97. Keller, B. A., Russell, C. A., & Thompson, H. (1999). A large-scale study clarifying the roles of the TI-92 and instructional format on student success in calculus. The International Journal of Computer Algebra in Mathematics Education, 6(3), 191- 207. Kendal, M. & Stacey, K. (1999). Varieties of teacher privileging for teaching calculus with computer algebra systems. The International Journal of Computer Algebra in Mathematics Education,6(4), 233-247. Kenelly, J.W., & Harvey, J. G. (1994). New developments in advanced placement calculus. In A. Solow (ed.), Preparing for a New Calculus (pp. 46-52), MAA Notes No. 36. Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America. Kerslake, D. (1977). The understanding of graphs, Mathematics in School, 6(2), 22-25. Kidron, I., & Dreyfus, T. (2004). Constructing knowledge about the bifurcation diagram: epistemic actions and parallel constructions. In: M. J. Høines, & A. B. Fuglestad (Eds.), Proceedings of the 28th international conference for the psychology of mathematics education (Vol. 3, pp. 153–160). Bergen, Norway: Bergen University College. Kitcher, P. (1973). Fluxions, limits, and infinite littlenesse: a study of Newton's presentation of the calculus. Isis, 64, 33–49. 13 Kleiner, I. (1989). Evolution of the function concept: A brief survey. The College Mathematics Journal, 20(4), 282–300. Kleiner, I. (2001). History of the infinitely small and the infinitely large in calculus. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2-3), 137-174. Kline, M. (1983). Euler and infinite series. Mathematics Magazine, 56, 307–314. Knuth, D. E. (1998). Teach calculus with big O, letters to the editor. Notices of the AMS, 45(6), 687–688. Lakatos, I. (1978). Cauchy and the continuum: The significance of non-standard analysis for the history and philosophy of mathematics. Mathematical Intelligencer 1(3), 151–161. Lakoff, G., & Nunez, R. (2000). Where Mathematics Comes From. New York: Basic Books. Lang, S. (1986). Cálculo, Addison-Wesley Iberoamericana, New York. Laugwitz, D. (1997). On the historical development of infinitesimal mathematics, I, II. American Mathematical Monthly, 104, 447–455, 660- 669. Lauten, A. D, Graham, K., & Ferrini-Mundy, J. (1994). Student understanding of basic calculus concepts: Interaction with the graphics calculator. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 13, 225-237. Lax, P. D. (1997). Use uniform continuity to teach limits, letters to the editor. Notices of the AMS, 44(11), 1429. Lefton, L. E., & Steinbart, E. M. (1995). Calculus and Mathematica: An end-user’s point of view, Primus, 5(1), 80–96. Leinhardt, G., Zaslavsky, O., & Stein, M. (1990). Functions, graphs, and graphing: tasks, learning, and teaching. Review of Educational Research, 60(1), 1–64. Li, L. & Tall, D. O. (1993). Constructing different concept images of sequences and limits by programming. Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Tsukuba, Japan, 2, 41-48. Lindstrom, T. (1988). An invitation to nonstandard analysis. In N. Cutland (ed.), Nonstandard Analysis and its Applications (pp. 1–105). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Lithner, J. (2003). Students’ mathematical reasoning in university textbook exercises. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 52, 29–55. Lithner, J. (2004). Mathematical reasoning in calculus textbook exercises. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 23(4), 405-427. Luzin, N. (1998). The evolution of... function: Part 2. American Mathematical Monthly,105, 263– 270. MacLane S. (1997). On the Harvard consortium calculus, letters to the editor. Notices of the AMS, 44, 893. Maldonado, A. R. (1998). Conversations with Hypatia: The use of computers and graphing calculators in the formulation of mathematical arguments in college calculus. (The University of Texas at Austin, 1998). Dissertation Abstracts International, 59/06, 1955. 14 Malik, M.A. (1980). Historical and pedagogical aspects of the definition of a function. International Journal of Mathematics Education in Science and Technology, 11(4), 489492. Mamona, J. (1990). Sequences and series –Sequences and functions: Students' confusions. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 21, 333–337. Mamona-Downs, J. (2001). Letting the intuitive bear on the formal; A didactical approach for the understanding of the limit of a sequence. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2), 259– 288. Markovits, Z., Eylon, B., & Bruckheimer, M. (1986). Functions today and yesterday, For the Learning of Mathematics, 6, 18-24. Markovits, Z., Eylon, B., & Bruckheimer, M. (1988). Difficulties Students have with the Function Concept. The Ideas of Algebra, K-12, N.C.T.M. 1988 Yearbook, 43-60. Martin, W. G., & Wheeler, M. M. (1987). Infinity concepts among preservice elementary school teachers. In: J. C. Bergeron, N. Herscovics, & C. Kieran (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th conference of the international group for the psychology of mathematics education (pp. 362–368). Montreal, Canada. Mathematical Association (1992). Computers in the Mathematics Curriculum, A report of the mathematical association (Ed. J F A Mann & D O Tall), The Mathematical Association: Leicester, UK. May, K.O., & van Engen, H. (1959). Relations and functions. In National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (ed.), The 24th Yearbook: The Growth of Mathematical Ideas Grades K-12 (pp. 65–110). National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Washington, DC. McDonald, M. A., Mathews, D. M., & Strobel, K. H. (2000). Understanding sequences: A tale of two objects. In E. Dubinsky, A. H. Schoenfeld, & J. Kaput (eds.), Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education IV (pp. 77–102). American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island. Meel, D. E. (1996). A comparative study of honor students' understandings of central calculus conceptsas a result of completing a calculus and Mathematica® or a traditional calculus curriculum (University of Pittsburgh, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 57/01, 142. Melin-Conejeros, J. (1992). The effect of using a computer algebra system in a mathematics laboratory on the achievement and attitude of calculus students (Doctoral dissertation, University of Iowa, 1992). Dissertation Abstracts International, 53/07, 2283. Mesa, V. (2000). Conceptions of function promoted by seventh and eighth grade text-books from eighteen countries. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Georgia, Athens, GA. Mesa, V. (2004). Characterizing practices associated with functions in middle school textbooks: an empirical approach. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 56(2), 255-286. Monaghan, J. (1986). Adolescents' understanding of limits and infinity. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis. Mathematics Education Research Centre, University of Warwick, UK. 15 Monaghan, J. (1991). Problems with the language of limit. For the Learning of Mathematics, 11(3), 20–24. Monaghan, J. (2001). Young people’s ideas of infinity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2/3), 239–257. Monaghan, J. D. (1986). Adolescent’s understanding of limits and infinity. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Warwick University, U.K. Monaghan, J., & Ozmantar, M. F. (2004). Abstraction and consolidation. In: M. J. Høines, & A. B. Fuglestad (Eds.), Proceedings of the 28th international conference for the psychology of mathematics education,3 (pp. 353–360). Bergen, Norway: Bergen University College. Monaghan, J., Sun S, & Tall, D. O. (1994), Construction of the limit concept with a computer algebra system. Proceedings of PME 18, Lisbon, III, 279–286. Monk, G. S., (1987). Students' Understanding of Functions in Calculus Courses. Unpublished paper. Monk, S. (1992). Students' understanding of a function given by a physical model. In G. Harel, & E. Dubinsky (eds.), The Concept of Function: Aspects of Epistemology and Pedagogy, MAA Notes, 25 (pp. 175–193). Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC, Monk, S., & Nemirovsky, R. (1994). The case of Dan: student construction of a functional situation through visual attributes. Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education, 4, 139– 168. Moore, A.W. (1995). A brief history of infinity. Scientific American, 272(4), 112–116. Moore, A.W. (1999). The Infinite. Routledge & Paul, London. Moore, G. (2002). Hilbert on the infinite: The role of set theory in the evolution of Hilbert's thought. Historia Mathematica, 29, 40–64. Moreno, A., & Waldegg, G. (1991). The conceptual evolution of actual mathematical infinity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 22, 211–231. Moschkovich, J., Schoenfeld, A., & Arcavi, A. (1993). Aspects of understanding: On multiple perspectives and representations of linear relations, and connections among them. In T.A. Romberg, E. Fennema & T.P. Carpenter (eds.), Integrating Research on the Graphical Representation of Function (pp. 69–100). Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. Moschkovich, J.N. (1989).Constructing a Problem Space Through Appropriation: A Case Study of Guided Computer Exploration of Linear Functions. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association. San Francisco. Moschkovich, J.N. (2004). Appropriating mathematical practices: A case of learning to use and explore functions through interaction with a tutor. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 55(1-3), 49-80. Mumford, D. (1997). Calculus reform—For the millions. Notices of the AMS, 44(5), 559–563. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: NCTM. 16 NCTM, 1980. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. An Agenda for Action: Recommendations for School Mathematics of the l980s. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. NCTM, 1989. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. NCTM, 1989. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Historical topics for the mathematics classroom. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. NCTM, 2000. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. NCTM, 2002. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: NCTM. Nobel, T., Nemirovsky, R., Wright T., & Tierney, C. (2001). Experiencing change: the mathematics of change in multiple environments. Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 32(1), 85–108. Norman, A. (1992). Teachers' mathematical knowledge of the concept of function. In G. Harel & E. Dubinsky (eds.), The Concept of Function: Aspects of Epistemology and Pedagogy, MAA Notes,25 (pp. 215–232). Washington, DC. Norman, A. (1992). Teachers’ mathematical knowledge of the concept of function. In E. Dubinsky, & G. Harel (Eds.), The concept of function: Aspects of epistemology and pedagogy (pp. 215-232). United States: Mathematical Association of America. Norman, F. A., & Prichard, M. K. (1994). Cognitive obstacles to the learning of calculus: a Krutetskian perspective. In: J. Kaput, & E. Dubinsky (Eds.), Research issues in undergraduate mathematics learning: preliminary analyses and results, MAA notes, 33. Norwood, R. (1997). In praise of Epsilon/Delta. Letters to the Editor. Notices of the AMS, 45(1), 6. Nunez, R. (1991). A 3-dimensional conceptual space of transformations for the study of the intuition of infinity in plane geometry. Proceedings of the 15th Conference for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Italy, 3, 362–368. O'Callaghan, B.R. (1998). Computer-intensive algebra and students' conceptual knowledge of functions. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 29(1), 21–40. Orton, A. (1977). Chords, secants, tangents & elementary calculus. Mathematics Teaching, 78, 48-49. Orton, A. (1980). A cross-sectional study of the understanding of elementary calculus in adolescents and young adults. Unpublished Ph.D., Leeds University. Orton, A. (1983). Students' Understanding of Integration. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 14, 1-18. Orton, A., (1983). Students' Understanding of Differentiation. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 14, 235-250. 17 Palmiter, J.R. (1986). The impact of a computer algebra system on college calculus (The Ohio State University, 1986). Dissertation Abstracts International, 47/05, 1640. Palmiter, J.R. (1991). Effects of computer algebra systems on concept and skill acquisition in calculus. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 22(2), 151-156. Park, H. & Travers, K. J. (1996). A comparative study of a computer- Based and a standard college first year calculus course. CBMS Issues in Mathematics Education, 6, 155–176. Parks, V. W. (1995). Impact of a laboratory approach supported by Mathematica® on the conceptualization of limit in a first calculus course (Georgia State University, 1995.). Dissertation Abstracts International, 56/10, 3872. Pinto, M. (1998). Students’ understanding of real analysis. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Warwick University. Pinto, M., & Tall, D.O. (1996). Student teachers conceptions of the rational numbers. In L. Puig & A. Guitiérrez (Eds.), Proceedings of the 20th International conference on the Psychology of Mathematics Education,4 (pp. 139–146). Valencia, Spain. Pinto, M.M.F. (1998). Students' understanding of real analysis. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Warwick University. Pinto, M.M.F., & Tall, D.O. (2001). Following students' development in a traditional university classroom. In M. van den Heuvel-Panhuizen (ed.), Proceedings of the 25 th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 4 (pp. 57–64). Utrecht, The Netherlands. Pinto, M.M.F., &Tall, D.O. (1999). Student construction of formal theories: Giving and extracting meaning. In O. Zaslavsky (ed.), Proceedings of the 23rd Meeting of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 1 (pp. 281–288). Haifa, Israel. Pontecorvo, C., & Girardet, H. (1993). Arguing and reasoning in understanding historical topics. Cognition and Instruction, 11, 365–395. Porzio, D. T. (1995). The effects of differing technological approaches to calculus on students’ use and understanding of multiple representations when solving problems (Doctoral dissertation, The Ohio State University, 1994). Dissertation Abstracts International, 55/10, 3128. Przenioslo, M. (2003). Perceiving the concept of limit by secondary school pupils. Disputationes Scientificae Universitatis Catholicae Ruzomberok, 3, 75–84. Przenioslo, M. (2004). Images of the limit of function formed in the course of mathematical studies at the university. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 55, 103–132. Przenioslo, M. (2004). Images of the limit of function formed in the course of mathematical studies at the university. Educational Studies in Mathematics,55(1), 103-132. Rabinovitch, N.L. (1970). Rabbi Hasdai Crescas (1340–1410) on numerical infinities. Isis 61(2), 224–230. Radford, L. (2001). Signs and meanings in students’ emergent algebraic thinking: a semiotic analysis. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 42(3), 237–268. 18 Ramey, C. L. (1997). The effect of project-based learning on the achievement and attitudes of calculus I students: A case study. (University of Missouri –Kansas City, 1997). Dissertation Abstracts International, 58/03, 786. Rich, K. (1996). The effect of dynamic linked multiple representations on students’ conceptions of and communication of functions and derivatives state university of New York at Buffalo, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 57/01, 142. Rizzuti, J. (1991). Students' conceptualizations of functions: Effects of a pedagogical approach involving multiple representations. Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Robert, A. (1988). Nonstandard Analysis. Wiley, New York. Robert, A., & Speer, N. (2001). Research on the teaching and learning of calculus/elementary analysis. In D. Holton (ed.), The Teaching and Learning of Mathematics at University Level (pp. 283–299). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Roberts, A.W. (ed.) (1996). Calculus: The Dynamics of Change, MAA Notes No. 39. Washington, D.C.:Mathematical Association of America. Robinson, A. (1966). Non-standard Analysis. North Holland, Amsterdam. Roddick, C. D. (1998). A comparison study of students from two calculus sequences on their achievement in calculus-dependent courses (Mathematica®), (The Ohio State University, 1997). Dissertation Abstracts International ,58/07, 2577. Rozier, S., & Viennot, L. (1991). Students' reasoning in thermodynamics. International Journal of Science Education, 13, 159-170. Rucker, R. (1982). Infinity and the Mind: The Science and Philosophy of the Infinite. Birkhauser, Boston. Sacristán Rock, A. (2001) Students shifting conceptions of the infinite through computer explorations of fractals and other visual models. In Vol. 4 of the Proceedings of the 25th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education( pp. 129–136). The Freudenthal Institute, Utrecht Sacristán, R. A. (1997). Windows on the infinite: constructing meanings in a logo-based microworld. Unpublished PhD thesis. Institute of Education, University of London, UK. Sajka, M. (2003). A secondary school student’s understanding of the concept of function- A case study. Educational Studies in Mathematics,53(3), 229-254. Salas, S., Hille, E., & Etgen G. (1999). Calculus: One and several variables. Wiley. Schiralli, M., & Sinclair, N. (2003). A constructive response to “Where Mathematics Comes From”. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 52, 79–91. Schorr, R. Y., & Lesh, R. (2003). A models and modeling perspective on classroom-based teacher development. In R. Lesh, & H. Doerr (Eds.), Beyond constructivism: a models and modeling perspective on teaching, learning, and problem solving in mathematics education. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Schrock, C. S. (1990). Calculus and computing: an exploratory study to examine the effectiveness of using a computer algebra system to develop increased conceptual 19 understanding in a firstsemester calculus course (Kansas State University, 1989). Dissertation Abstracts International,50/07, 1926. Schwarz, B., & Bruckheimer, M. (1988). Representations of functions and analogies. P.M.E. XII,Hungary, 552-559. Schwarz, B., Dreyfus, T., & Bruckheimer, M. (1988). The Triple Representation Model Curriculum for the Function Concept. Schwarz, B.B,& Hershkowitz, R. (1995). Argumentation and reasoning in a technology-based class. In J.F. Lehman & J.D. Moore (Eds.), Proceedings of the 17th annual meeting of the cognitive science societ (pp. 731–735). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Schwarz, J., & Yerushalmy, M. (1992).Getting students to function in and with algebra. In G. Harel, & E. Dubinsky (eds.), The Concept of Function: Aspects of Epistemology and Pedagogy, MAA Notes, 25(pp. 261–289). Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC. Schwarzenberger, R. L., & Tall, D. (1978). Conflict in the learning of real numbers and limits. Mathematics Teaching, 82, 44–49. Schwarzenberger, R.L.E., & Tall, D.O. (1978). Conflicts in the learning of real numbers and limits, Mathematics Teaching, 82, 44-49. Selden, J., Selden, A., & Mason, A. (1994). Even good calculus students can’t solve non-routine problems. In: J. Kaput, & E. Dubinsky (Eds.), Research issues in undergraduate mathematics learning(pp. 19–26). Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC. Semb, G.B., & Ellis, J.A. (1992). Knowledge Learned in College: What is Remembered? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco. Sfard, A. (1991). On the dual nature of mathematical conceptions: Reflections on processes and objects as different sides of the same coin. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 22, 1–36. Sfard, A. (1992). Operational origins of mathematical objects and the quandary of reifica-tion: The case of function. In G. Harel, & E. Dubinsky (eds.), The Concept of Function: Aspects of Epistemology and Pedagogy, MAANotes, 25(pp. 59–84). Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC. Sherin, B.L. (2000). How students invent representations of motion: a genetic account. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 19, 399–443. Sierksma, G., & Sierksma, W. (1999). The great leap to the infinitely small. Johann Bernoulli: Mathematician and philosopher. Annals of Science, 56, 433–449. Sierpinska, A. (1988). Epistemological remarks on functions, P.M.E. XII, Hungary, 568-575. Sierpinska, A. (1985). Obstacles épistémologiques relatifs á la notion de limite. Recherches en Didactique des Mathématiques, 6, 5–68. Sierpinska, A. (1987). Humanities students and epistemological obstacles related to limits. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 18(4), 371–397. Sierpinska, A. (1990). Some remarks on understanding in mathematics. For the Learning of Mathematics, 10, 24–36. 20 Sierpinska, A. (1992). On understanding the notion of function. In G. Harel, & E. Dubinsky (eds.), The Concept of Function: Aspects of Epistemology and Pedagogy, MAA Notes, 25(pp. 25–58). Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC. Sierpinska, A. (1994). Understanding in mathematics. London: Falmer Press. Sierpinska, A. (2000). On some aspects of students' thinking in linear algebra. In J.L. Dorier (ed.), On the teaching of linear algebra (pp. 209–271), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Sierpinska, A., & Viwegier, M. (1989). How and when attitudes towards mathematics and infinity become constituted into obstacles in students? In G. Vergnaud, J. Rogalski, & M. Artigue (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13th annual meeting for the psychology of mathematics education, 3 (pp. 166–173). Paris, France. Sierpinska, A. (1987). Humanities students and epistemological obstacles related to limits. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 18, 371-397. Simmons, G.F. (1972). Differential Equations. McGraw-Hill, New York. Simmons, G.F. (1992). Calculus Gems: Brief Lives and Memorable Mathematics. McGraw-Hill, New York. Smith, D. A., & Moore L. C. (1996), Calculus: Modeling and Application, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co. Smith, E., & Confrey, J. (1992). Using a dynamic software tool to teach transformations of functions. Proceedings of the fifth Annual Conference on Technology in Collegiate Mathematics, Reading: Addison-Wesley, 115–242. Soto-Johnson, H. (1998). Impact of technology on learning infinite series. The International Journal of Computer Algebra in Mathematics Education, 5(2), 95-109. Stahl, S. (1999). Real analysis: A historical approach. John Wiley & Sons, New York. Stavy, R.,& Tirosh, D. (2000). How students (mis-)understand science and mathematics: Intuitive rules. Teacher College Press, New York. Steen, L. (1988). Calculus for a New Century. Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America. Stroyan, K. D. (1993). Calculus Using Mathematica. Boston: Academic Press. Sullivan, K. (1976). The teaching of elementary calculus: an approach using infinitesimals. American Mathematical Monthly, 83, 370–375. Sullivan, K. (1976). The teaching of elementary calculus: an approach using infinitesimals. American Mathematical Monthly,83(5). 370-375. Sullivan, P. (1996). The Effect of visual, numerical, and algebraic representations on students’ conceptual understanding of differential calculus. (Columbia University Teachers College, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International , 56/07, 2598. Szydlik, J.E. (2000). Mathematical beliefs and conceptual understanding of the limit of a function. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 31(3), 258–276. 21 Taback, S. (1975). The child’s concept of limit in Children’s Mathematical Concepts (ed. Roskopff M.F.) Teachers’ College Press, New York 111-114. Taback, S. (1975). The child's concept of limit. In M. Rosskopf (ed.), Children's Mathematical Concepts (pp. 111–144). Teachers College Press, New York. Tall, D. (1980). The notion of infinite measuring number and its relevance in the intuition of infinity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 11, 271–284. Tall, D. (1990). Inconsistencies in the learning of calculus and analysis. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics,12, 49–64. Tall, D. (1991). Advanced Mathematical Thinking. Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Tall, D. (1991). Intuition and rigour: The role of visualization in calculus. In W. Zimmermann & S. Cunningham (eds.), Visualization in Teaching and Learning Mathematics, MAA Notes, 19( pp. 105–119). Washington. Tall, D. (1991). The psychology of advanced mathematical thinking. In D. Tall (ed.), Advanced Mathematical Thinking(pp. 3–23). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Tall, D. (1996). Function and calculus. In A.J. Bishop, K. Clements, C. Keitel, J. Kilpatrick, & C. Laborde (eds.), International Handbook of Mathematics Education(pp. 289–325). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Tall, D. (1996). Functions and calculus. In: A. Bishop, K. Clements, C. Keitel, J. Kilpatrick & C. Laborde (Eds), International handbook of mathematics education(pp. 289–325). Kluwer, Dordrecht. Tall, D. (2001). Natural and formal infinities. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2-3), 199238. Tall, D. O. (1985). Using computer graphics as generic organisers for the concept image of differentiation. Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Holland, 1, 105–110. Tall, D. O. (1990). Inconsistencies in the learning of calculus and analysis. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics,12(3 & 4), 49–63. Tall, D. O. (1992). The transition to advanced mathematical thinking: functions, limits, infinity and proof. In: D. A. Grouws (Ed.), Handbook of Research in Mathematics Teaching and Learning (pp. 495–511). New York: Macmillan. Tall, D. O. (1993). Real Mathematics, Rational Computers and Complex People. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual International Conference on Technology in College Mathematics Teaching, 243–258. Tall, D. O. (2003). Using technology to support an embodied approach to learning concepts in Ensino da Matema tica (Vol 1, pp.1-28). Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Tall, D. O., & Schwarzenberger R. L. (1978). Conflicts in the Learning of Real Numbers and Limits, Mathematics Teaching, 83, 44-49. Tall, D. O., Gray, E. M., Bin Ali, M., Crowley, L., DeMarois, P., McGowen, M., Pitta, D., Pinto, M., Thomas, M., & Yusof, Y. (2000). Symbols and the Bifurcation between Procedural 22 and Conceptual Thinking. The Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 1, 80–104. Tall, D., & Pinto, M. (1999). Student constructions of formal theory: giving and extracting meaning. In O. Zaslavsky (Ed.), Proceedings of the 23rd Conference of the Pschology of Mathematics Education, Haifa, Israel, 4, 65–73. Tall, D., & Schwarzenberger, R.L.E. (1978). Conflicts in the learning of real numbers and limits. Mathematics Teaching, 82, 44–49. Tall, D., & Tirosh, D. (2001). Infinity – The never-ending struggle. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2-3), 129-136. Tall, D., & Vinner, S. (1981). Concept image and concept definition in mathematics with particular reference to limit and continuity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 12, 151– 169. Tall, D.O, Blokland, P., & Kok, D. (1990). A Graphic Approach to the Calculus, (for I.B.M. compatible computers). Sunburst. Tall, D.O. (1977). Conflicts and catastrophes in the learning of mathematics, Mathematical Education for Teaching, 2(4), 2-18. Tall, D.O. (1979). Cognitive aspects of proof, with special reference to the irrationality of Ö2. Proceedings of the Third International Conference for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Warwick, 203-205. Tall, D.O. (1980). The notion of infinite measuring number and its relevance in the intuition of infinity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 11, 271–284. Tall, D.O. (1980b). Looking at graphs through infinitesimal microscopes, windows and telescopes. Mathematical Gazette, 64, 22–49. Tall, D.O. (1980b). Mathematical intuition, with special reference to limiting processes, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Berkeley, 170-176. Tall, D.O. (1981). Intuitions of infinity, Mathematics in School, 10,(3), 30-33. Tall, D.O. (1982). Elementary axioms and pictures for infinitesimal calculus. Bulletin of the IMA, 18, 43–48. Tall, D.O. (1986). Building and Testing a Cognitive Approach to the Calculus using Interactive Computer Graphics. Ph.D. Thesis in Education, University of Warwick. Tall, D.O. (1987). Constructing the concept image of a tangent, Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference of P.M.E., Montréal, III 69-75. Tall, D.O. (1990). Inconsistencies in the learning of calculus and analysis. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 12, 49–64. Tall, D.O. (1992). The transition to advanced mathematical thinking: Functions, limits, infinity, and proof. In D.A. Grouws (ed.), Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching and Learning(pp. 495–511). MacMillan, New York. Tall, D.O. (in press). Introducing three worlds of mathematics. For the Learning of Mathematics. 23 Tall, D.O., & Vinner, S. (1981). Concept image and concept definition in mathematics, with special reference to limits and continuity. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 12, 151– 169. Tall, D.O., Gray, E.M., Ali, M.B., Crowley, L.R.F., DeMarois, P., McGowen, M.A., Pitta, D., Pinto, M.M.F., Thomas, M.O.J., & Yusof, Y.B.M. (2001). Symbols and the bifurcation between procedural and conceptual thinking. Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 1, 81–104. Thomas, H.L. (1975). The concept of function. In M. Rosskopf (Ed.) Children’s mathematical concepts. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University. Thomas, K. (1996). The fundamental theorem of calculus: An investigation into students’ constructions (non-traditional course, Calculus). (Purdue University, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 57/03, 1068. Thompson, P. (1994). Students, functions, and the undergraduate curriculum. In: E. Dubinsky, A. Schoenfeld & J. Kaput (Eds), Research in collegiate mathematics education I (pp. 21–44). CBMS issues in mathematics education, American Mathematical Society. Thompson, P. W. (1994). The development of the concept of speed and its relationship to concepts of rate. In: G. Harel, & J. Confrey (Eds.), The development of multiplicative reasoning in the learning of mathematics (pp. 181–234). Albany, NY: SUNY Press Tirosh, D. (1985). The intuition of infinity and its relevance for mathematics education. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Tel-Aviv University. Tirosh, D. (1990). Inconsistencies in students' mathematical constructs. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 12, 111–129. Tirosh, D. (1991). The role of students’ intuitions of infinity in teaching of the cantorial theory. In: D. Tall (Ed.), Advanced mathematical thinking (pp. 199–214). Kluwer, Dordrecht (1991). Tirosh, D. (1999). Finite and infinite sets: Definitions and intuitions. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology, 30(3), 341–349. Tirosh, D., & Tsamir, P. (1996). The role of representations in students' intuitive thinking about infinity. International Journal of Mathematics Education in Science and Technology, 27, 33–40. Toeplitz, O. (1963). The Calculus: A Genetic Approach. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Travers, K.J., & Westbury, I. (1989). The IEA Study of Mathematics 1: Analysis of Mathematics Curricula. Pergamon Press, Oxford. Tsamir, P. (1994). Promoting students consistent responses in respect to their intuitions of actual infinity, unpublished doctoral thesis, Tel-Aviv University. Tsamir, P. (1999). The transition from the comparison of finite sets to the comparison of infinite sets: teaching prospective teachers. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 38, 209–234. Tsamir, P. (2001). When ‘the same’ is not perceived as such: The case of infinite sets. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(2-3), 289-307. 24 Tsamir, P. (2001). When “the same” is not perceived as such: The case of infinite sets. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48, 289–307. Tsamir, P. (2002). From primary to secondary intuitions: prospective teachers’ transitory intuitions of infinity. Mediterranean Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1, 11–29. Tsamir, P. (2003). Primary intuitions and instruction: the case of actual infinity. Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education,12, 79–96. Tsamir, P., & Dreyfus, T. (2002). Comparing infinite sets-a process of abstraction, The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 21(1), 1-23. Tsamir, P., & Dreyfus, T. (2005). How fragile is consolidated knowledge? Ben’s comparisons of infinite sets. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 24(1), 15-38. Tsamir, P., & Tirosh, D. (1992). Students' awareness of inconsistent ideas about actual infinity. Proceedings of the 16th Annual Meeting for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 3(pp. 90–97). Durham, USA. Tsamir, P., & Tirosh, D. (1994). Comparing infinite sets: intuitions and representations. Proceedings of the 18th Annual Meeting for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 4(pp. 345–352). Lisbon, Portugal. Tsamir, P., & Tirosh, D. (1999). Consistency and representations: The case of actual infinity. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education 30(2), 213–219. Uhlig, F. (2002b). The role of proof in comprehending and teaching elementary linear algebra. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 50, 335–346. Vilenkin, N.Y. (1995). In Search of Infinity (translated from the Russian by A. Shenitzer), Birkhäuser, Boston. Vinner, S. & Dreyfus, T. (1989) Images and definitions for the concept of function. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 20(4), 356–366. Vinner, S. (1982). Conflicts between definitions and intuitions - the case of the tangent. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference of P.M.E., Antwerp, 24-28. Vinner, S. (1983). Concept definition, concept image, and the notion of function. International Journal of Mathematics Education in Science and Technology, 14(3), 293–305. Vinner, S. (1988). Visual considerations in college calculus - students and teachers. Theory of Mathematics Education, Proceedings of the Third International Conference, Antwerp, 109116. Vinner, S. (1990). Inconsistencies: their causes and function in learning mathematics, Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 12(3/4), 85–98. Vinner, S. (1991). The role of definitions in the teaching and learning mathematics. In D. Tall (ed.), Advanced Mathematical Thinking(pp. 65–81). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Vinner, S. (1992). The function concept as a prototype for problems in mathematical learning. In G. Harel & E. Dubinsky (eds.), The Concept of Function: Aspects of Episte-mology and 25 Pedagogy, MAA Notes,25(pp. 195-213). Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC. Vinner, S. (1997). The pseudo-conceptual and the pseudo-analytical thought processes in mathematics learning. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 34, 97–129. Vinner, S., & Dreyfus, T. (1989). Images and Definitions for the Concept of a Function, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 20(4), 356-366. Vinner, S., & Hershkowitz, R. (1980). Concept images and common cognitive paths in the development of some simple geometrical concepts, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Berkeley, California, 177-184. Vlachos, P. & Kehegias, A. (2000). A computer algebra system and a new approach for teaching business calculus. The International Journal of Computer Algebra in Mathematics Education, 72, 87-10. von Eye, A. (1990). Introduction to configural frequency analysis: The search for types and antitypes in cross-classifications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. von Eye, A. (2000). Configural frequency analysis: A program for 32-bit windows operating systems, (Version 2000), unpublished manuscript, East Lansing, Michigan State University. Vygotskii, L.S. (1962). Thought and Language. The M.I.T. Press, New York. Watson A., Spirou P., & Tall D. (2002). The relationship between physical embodiment and mathematical symbolism: The concept of vector. Mediterranean Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 1(2), 73-97. Watson, A., & Tall, D.O. (2002). Embodied action, effect, and symbol in mathematical growth. In Anne D. Cockburn & Elena Nardi (Eds.), Proceedings of the 26th Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (Vol. 4, pp.369–376). Norwich: UK. Weber, K. (2001). Student difficulty in constructing proof: The need for strategic knowledge. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 48(1), 101–119. Weber, K. (2002). Beyond proving and explaining: Proofs that justify the use of definitions and axiomatic structures and proofs that illustrate technique. For the Learning of Mathematics, 22(3), 14–17. Weber, K. (2002). The role of instrumental and relational understanding in proofs about group isomorphism. Proceedings from the 2nd International Conference for the Teaching of Mathematics, Hersonisoss. Weber, K. (2003). A procedural route toward understanding of the concept of proof. In N. A. Pateman & B. J. Dougherty & J. Zilliox (Eds.) Proceedings of the conference of the International group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Honolulu, Hawaii. Weber, K. (2004). A framework for describing the processes that undergraduates use to construct proofs. In M. J.Hoines & A. B. Fuglestad (Eds.) Proceedings of the 28th conference of the International group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education. Bergen, Norway. 26 Weber, K. (2004). Traditional instruction in advanced mathematics courses: a case study of one professor’s lectures and proofs in an introductory real analysis course. Journal of Mathematical Behavior 23, (pp.115-133). Weller, K., Clark, J., Dubinsky, E., Loch, S., McDonald, M., & Merkovsky, R. (2003). Student performance and attitudes in courses based on APOS Theory and the ACE Teaching Cycle. In A. Selden, E. Dubinsky, G. Harel, & F. Hitt (eds.), Research in Collegiate Mathematics Education V(pp. 97–131), American Mathematical Society, Providence. White, P., & Mitchelmore, M. (1996). Conceptual Knowledge in Introductory Calculus, Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 27(1), 79-95. Wilder, R.L. (1972). History in the mathematics curriculum: its status, quality and function, American Mathematical Monthly, 79, 479–495. Williams, C. W. (1996). Relationships between learning style preferences, mathematics attitude, calculator usage, and achievement in calculus (graphics calculators). (The University of Tennessee, 1995). Dissertation Abstracts International, 57/02, 616. Williams, G. (2000). Associations between mathematically insightful collaborative behavior and positive affect. In A.D. Cockburn & E. Nardi (Eds), Proceedings of the 26th international conference for the psychology of mathematics education,4(pp. 402-409). UEA, Norwich, UK. Williams, G. (2004). The nature of spontaneity in high quality mathematics learning experiences. In: M. J. Hoines, & A. B. Fuglestad (Eds.), Proceedings of the 28th international conference for the psychology of mathematics education, 4 (pp. 433–440). Bergen, Norway: Bergen University College. Williams, S. (1991). Models of limit held by college calculus students. Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 22(3), 219-236. Williams, S.R. (2001). Predications of the limit concept: An application of repertory grids. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 32(4), 341–367. Williams, S.R., & Ivey, K.M.C. (2001). Affective assessment and mathematics classroom engagement: A case study. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 47, 75–100. Wood, N.G. (1992). Mathematical Analysis: A comparison of student development and historical development. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Cambridge University, UK. Wood, T., & McNeal, B. (2003). Complexity in teaching and children's mathematical thinking. In N.A. Pateman, B.J. Dougherty & J. Zilliox (Eds), Proceedings of the 27th international conference for the psychology of mathematics education, 4(pp. 435–441). University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI. Wright, T. (2001). Karen in motion: the role of physical enactment in developing an understanding of distance, time and speed. Journal of Mathematical Behavior,20, 145–162. Yackel, E., Rasmussen, C., & King, K. (2000). Social and sociomathematical norms in an advanced undergraduate mathematics course. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 19, 275–287. 27 Yehoshua, D. (1995). Comparing infinite sets: effects of presentations and order of presentation. An essay presented as a thesis for the Degree of M.A., Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Yerushalmy, M. (1991). Students’ perceptions of aspects of algebraic function using multiple representation software, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Yerushalmy, M. (1997). Designing representations: Reasoning about functions of two variables. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 27(4), 431-466. Young, R.M. (1992). Excursions in calculus. Mathematical Association of America, Washington, DC. Zaslavsky, O. (1997). Conceptual obstacles in the learning of quadratic functions. Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics,19(1), 20–44. Zazkis, R., Liljedahl, P. & Gadowsky, K. (2003). Students' conceptions of function translation: Obstacles, intuitions and rerouting. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 22, 437-450.34. 28