Examine the following statements and consider how the concepts of
truth and validity apply to each one.
1
All humans are mortal;
I am human;
Hence: I am mortal.
2
All students are lazy;
I am a student;
Hence: I am lazy
3
All Thai cities are in the Northern Hemisphere;
Paris is not a Thai city;
Hence: Paris is in the Southern Hemisphere.
4
All Aussie states are in the Southern Hemisphere;
Queensland is in the Southern Hemisphere.
Hence: Queensland is an Aussie state;
Comment on the link(s) between two things here:
1
between the truth/falsity of a conclusion
2
the validity of the logic used to derive the conclusion.
Construct arguments which are:
1.
Invalid with a true conclusion
2.
Valid with a false conclusion
3. Valid with true premises and a
false conclusion