Baby Tortoise Preparation Notes o o o o o o Preview the electronic version of the poem before sharing it with students. At least one constructed-response (CR) task requires additional text. At least one constructed-response (CR) task requires a dictionary. At least one activity requires additional text. At least one activity requires the Internet or multimedia. Preview any additional content you plan to share with students. Selected-Response Items o These items target standards within the RL and L strands of the CCSS: Item Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 CCSS Target L.9-10.5a RL.9-10.2 L.9-10.5b RL.9-10.9 L.9-10.5a RL.9-10.1 RL.9-10.1 RL.9-10.1 RL.9-10.4 RL.9-10.4 L.9-10.4b 11/11/2013 Constructed-Response Tasks CR1 (RL.9-10.2) Student prompt: Analyze how D.H. Lawrence develops the theme of courage throughout the poem. Use at least two details from the poem to support your answer. 3 2 1 0 The response effectively analyzes how D.H. Lawrence develops the theme and includes at least two supporting details from the poem. The response effectively analyzes how D.H. Lawrence develops the theme and includes one supporting detail from the poem. The response effectively analyzes how D.H. Lawrence develops the theme but does not include any supporting details from the poem. The response does not analyze how D.H. Lawrence develops the theme. CR2 (RL.9-10.2) Student prompt: Summarize the poem. Include at least three important details to support your answer. 3 2 1 0 The response accurately summarizes the poem and includes at least three important details. The response accurately summarizes the poem and includes two important details. The response accurately summarizes the poem and includes one important detail. The response does not accurately summarize the poem. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 CR3 (RL.9-10.4) Student prompt: Read the lines below from the poem. "You draw your head forward, slowly, from your little wimple / And set forward, slow-dragging, on your four-pinned toes, / Rowing slowly forward." Consult a dictionary and write the definition for the word "wimple." Definition: Based on the definition, what figurative meaning does "wimple" have in the poem? Use at least one detail from the poem to support your answer. 3 2 1 0 The response includes the definition, an explanation of the figurative meaning, and at least one supporting detail from the poem. The response includes the definition and an explanation of the figurative meaning but does not include at least one supporting detail from the poem, OR the response includes an explanation of the figurative meaning and at least one supporting detail from the poem but does not include the definition. The response includes the definition OR the response includes an explanation of the figurative meaning. The response does not include the definition or an explanation of the figurative meaning. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 CR4 (RL.9-10.4) Student prompt: Analyze why D.H. Lawrence repeatedly uses the word "bird" when describing the baby tortoise. Use at least two details from the poem to support your analysis. 3 2 1 0 The response includes a valid explanation of the author's word choice and uses at least two supporting details from the poem. The response includes a valid explanation of the author's word choice and uses one supporting detail from the poem. The response includes a valid explanation of the author's word choice but does not include any supporting details from the poem. The response does not include a valid explanation of the author’s word choice. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 CR5 (RL.9-10.5) Student prompt: The baby tortoise moves from being described as tiny and fragile in the beginning of the poem to being called an "invincible fore-runner" in the final line. How does the author's arrangement of the poem lead the reader naturally from the tortoise's fragility to its invincibility? Use at least two details from the poem to support your answer. 3 2 1 0 The response effectively analyzes the arrangement of the poem and uses at least two supporting details. The response effectively analyzes the arrangement of the poem and uses one supporting detail. The response effectively analyzes the arrangement of the poem but does not use any supporting details. The response does not effectively analyze the arrangement of the poem. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 CR6 (RL.9-10.9) Student prompt: The speaker brings to mind Homer's poem, The Odyssey, by calling the baby tortoise "Little Ulysses." In The Odyssey, Ulysses spends 10 years trying to return home after the Trojan War. Analyze D.H. Lawrence's reference to Ulysses in "Baby Tortoise." Use at least two details from the poem to support your answer. 3 2 1 0 The response effectively analyzes D.H. Lawrence's reference to Ulysses and includes at least two supporting details from the poem. The response effectively analyzes D.H. Lawrence's reference to Ulysses and includes one supporting detail from the poem. The response effectively analyzes D.H. Lawrence's reference to Ulysses but does not include any supporting details from the poem. The response does not analyze D.H. Lawrence's reference to Ulysses. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 CR7 (L.9-10.4c) Student prompt: Consult a dictionary to answer the questions below. Provide the definition for laconic. o Definition: What is the etymology of the word laconic? Provide the original root and origination. o Root: o Origination: Provide the pronunciation of laconic. o Pronunciation: 4 3 2 1 0 The response includes all four of the required elements: - the correct definition - the root - the origin - the correct pronunciation The response includes three of the required elements. The response includes two of the required elements. The response includes one of the required elements. The response does not include any of the required elements. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 CR8 (L.9-10.4c) Student prompt: Use a dictionary. Write a definition for the word impervious and use impervious in a sentence. Definition: Sentence: 2 The response includes an accurate definition and an appropriate sentence. The response includes either an accurate definition or an appropriate sentence. The response does not include an accurate definition or an appropriate sentence. 1 0 CR9 (L.9-10.4d) Student prompt: Use a dictionary. Write a definition for the word indomitable and use indomitable in a sentence. 2 1 0 Definition: Sentence: The response includes an accurate definition and an appropriate sentence. The response includes either an accurate definition or an appropriate sentence. The response does not include an accurate definition or an appropriate sentence. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 Activity/Discussion Ideas Activity/Discussion 1 (RL.9-10.2) Teacher instructions: Give students a copy of the poems "Tortoise Shell" and "Tortoise Family" by D.H. Lawrence. Ask students to read and compare all three poems. As a class, discuss the main themes of the poems. Ask students if they think the themes are similar and if they think the themes are connected. Ask students how they think the themes are developed. Students should use specific details from the poems to support their analysis. Activity 2 (RL.9-10.6) Teacher instructions: Provide students with stories from other nations about difficult journeys. Discuss the stories and ask students how elements of those difficult journeys are parallel to the baby tortoise's journey in the poem. Activity 3 (RL.9-10.9) Teacher instructions: Provide students with an excerpt from Homer's The Odyssey or read a summary of the epic poem. Ask students to analyze D.H. Lawrence's reference to Ulysses. Discuss how the poet draws on the epic poem to support his portrayal of the baby tortoise and how the poem affects the reader's understanding of the poem. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 Other Standards Activity 4 (SL.9-10.1; SL.9-10.4; SL.9-10.5; RI.9-10.1; RI.9-10.7) Teacher instructions: Assign pairs or small groups. Give students an informational text about tortoises or have students research tortoises on the Internet. Ask students to look for information about tortoises that supports their interpretation of the poem. Have students collaborate to create a digital presentation of their findings. The digital presentation should include audio, visual, and textual elements as determined by the teacher. The presentation should cite examples from the poem to support their conclusions. Activity/Discussion 5 (SL.9-10.1; RL.9-10.1; RI.9-10.1; RI.9-10.7) Teacher instructions: Give students an informational text about the anatomy of baby tortoises. As a class, discuss how understanding the anatomy of a baby tortoise helps the reader understand the imagery in the poem. Students should use examples from the informational text to support their analysis of the imagery from the poem. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 Claim 2 Tasks (Note: The Claim 2 tasks here are based on the Smarter Balanced Item and Task Specifications; however, each task might not directly meet all parts of the individual specification.) Target 3 Model 1a: SR, TE, (DOK 2) prompts students to select additional sentences that should be added to a paragraph and determine the most logical locations for a sentence to introduce the topic, maintain a clear focus, logically present ideas, have clear transitions, or include a conclusion. Standards: W-2a, W-2b, W-2c, W-2d, W-2e, and/or W-2f Student prompt: Read the unfinished paragraph based on the poem. Write an appropriate introductory sentence. It takes between 60 and 120 days for the tortoises to hatch. To break out of their shells, baby tortoises use a specialized egg tooth. The term for this process is "pipping." After a baby tortoise fully emerges from its shell, it must make its way to the surface of the nest. Nutrition from an embryonic sac sustains the baby tortoise for a few days, but within a week, the tortoise will be responsible for finding its own food. Baby tortoises that survive this critical period can live to be over 100 years old! Correct response sample: For a tortoise, life begins inside an egg. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 Target 3 Model 1b: SR, TE (DOK 2) – provides a disorganized paragraph from an informational/explanatory essay and prompts students to rearrange the sentences to logically present the ideas. Standards: W-2a, W-2b, W-2c, W-2d, W-2e, and/or W-2f Student prompt: Read the sentences about baby tortoises. The sentences are out of order. Put the sentences in the correct order. (A) Nutrition from an embryonic sac sustains the baby tortoise for a few days, but within a week, the tortoise will be responsible for finding its own food. (B) It takes between 60 and 120 days for the tortoises to hatch. (C) After a baby tortoise fully emerges from its shell, it must make its way to the surface of the nest. (D) To break out of their shells, baby tortoises use a specialized egg tooth. (E) Baby tortoises that survive this critical period can live to be over 100 years old! (F) Female tortoises dig a bell-shaped burrow in which to lay their eggs. Order 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sentence Letter Order 1 2 3 4 5 6 Sentence Letter F B D C A E B D C Key: Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013 Target 9 Model 3: SR (DOK 1) – presents four sentences and prompts students to select the one that does not contain any errors. Standards: W-2d, W-3d, L-3a, L-6 Student prompt: Read the paragraph. Circle the sentence that does not contain any errors. Two to for months after eggs are layed, the pipping process begins. During this period baby tortoises use an egg tooth, to slowly chip away at there shells. Only a short time after emerging from their eggs, baby tortoises are expected to fend for themselves. If they succeed: they can expect to live a life longer than most humans. Key: Only a short time after emerging from their eggs, baby tortoises are expected to fend for themselves. Reading Literature – Grades 9-10 11/11/2013