A D D E N D U M to A R B O R I C U L T U R A L R E P O R T on trees at Bower Ashton for University of the West of England June 1994 Tree No : 6401 Species : Aesculus hippocastanum Height : 20 m DBH : 1.5 m basal Age : 100 years Position : Southern edge of linear canopy Condition : The tree is of coppice origin, with 3 No principal stems. It is restricted and unbalanced to the South. There is a weak fork in the central stem at 2 m which is liable to future disintegration. A damaged attenuated Western stem is apparent, with a cavity at 1.5 metres. The specimen threatens the access track to Ashton Court. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B The specimen contributes to the group canopy. : Reduce heavy branch weight. Reduce crown by 20% and rebalance and formatively prune as feasible. Remove major deadwood and snags. Costing : £ 180.00 Tree No : 6402 Species : Sequoiadendron giganteum Height : 30 m DBH : 1.4 m Age : 100 years Position : Southern edge of linear canopy Condition : There is a basal fault from an old wound on the West face, and on the South face between the buttress clefts. The tree has a heavy trunk lean and weight imbalance to the North East, with an upper canopy of contorted form. It displays deadwood. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : characteristic : 1A This is a potential threat to the South West corner of the building complex. : Reduce crown by 20%. Remove major deadwood and snags and rebalance the crown as feasible. Re-inspect within 2 years. Costing : £ 200.00 Tree No : 6403 (2 No) Species : Acer pseudoplatanus Height : 13 m DBH : 0.25 m maximum Age : 30 years Position : Southern edge of linear canopy Condition : This comprises 2 No suspect selfsown specimens. They are heavily restricted, attenuated and unbalanced to the South. Safety Concern Notes : : 2 Potential threat to the semi-mature Yew specimen and the adjacent track. Recommendation : Coppice. Costing : £ 50.00 Tree No : 6404 Species : Thuja plicata Height : 25 m DBH : 0.75 m Age : 70 years Position : Southern edge of linear canopy Condition : The specimen has moderate buttressing and a fluted trunk. There is a stem fault and decay entry point on the South face between 0.6 - 1.2 m. The bark is faulted up to 2.0 metres. There is suspected ingrown metal at 1 m. A further decay entry point is apparent on the North face at ground level. The specimen leans to the South West. It is proliferating deadwood. The specimen is restricted on the East face. There are various defects apparent. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : other stem : 2 The specimen is subject to considerable upper crown flexing in strong winds. : Remove major deadwood and snags. Reduce the crown by 10% and rebalance and formatively prune as feasible. Costing : £ 100.00 Tree No : 6405 Species : Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Height : 23 m DBH : 0.5 m Age : 60 years Position : Southern edge of linear canopy Condition : The specimen is Ivy clad. It has a marked lean to the East. There is minimal crown development, which is restricted to the upper aspect in attenuated form. The specimen displays characteristic forking in suspect union. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B The specimen is potentially liable to crown disintegration in strong winds. : Reduce crown by 20%. Sever Ivy. Costing : £ 90.00 Tree No : 6406 Species : Acer pseudoplatanus Height : 24 m DBH : 0.8 m Age : 90 years Position : Southern group Condition : The specimen is Ivy clad. There is considerable deadwood in the mod and canopy. major lower A decay entry point is apparent from old limb loss at 4 m. The tree is restricted on the South aspect, giving rise to weight imbalance to the North. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 2 Major contribution to group canopy. : Sever Ivy. Remove deadwood and rebalance and formatively prune the crown as feasible. Costing : £ 120.00 Tree No : 6407 (2 No) Species : Acer pseudoplatanus Height : 22 m DBH : 0.5 m & 0.25 m Age : 60 years Position : Southern group Condition : The minor specimen nearest the South West corner of the boundary wall has a minimal crown and is unbalanced towards the building. The major specimen is restricted by the adjacent coniferous group, and is heavily unbalanced towards the property. The tree is Ivy clad, with poor buttressing. There is a suspected stem fault at approx 5 m. Safety Concern Notes : : 1A The major specimen is liable to shed limbs or collapse onto the corner of the building complex. Recommendation : Fell to ground level for coppice effect. Costing : £ 130.00 Tree No : 6408 Species : Cryptomeria japonica Height : 20 m DBH : 0.5 m Age : 70 years Position : Southern group Condition : The specimen is Ivy clad. It has moderate buttressing the South and West faces. on The upper crown is attenuated and restricted, though fairly well balanced, with considerable deadwood. There is a suspected fault approx 4 m on the main stem. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : at 2 Liable to upper crown exposure after adjacent canopy reduction. : Sever and strip Ivy. Remove major deadwood. Conduct light crown pruning. Costing : £ 80.00 formative upper Tree No : 6409 Species : Quercus ilex Height : 12 m DBH : 1 m Age : 150 years Position : Southern aspect within field Condition : The specimen has raised roots, is Ivy clad and is surrounded by a protective iron guard. There is a major wound at 2 m on the North West face. The specimen limb. has shed a major It has a heavy lean to the East towards the property, with considerable weight imbalance. Major deadwood is present, occasional limb faults. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : and 2 Major landscape specimen, contributes to crown protection of Southern aspect of linear canopy, though upper crown is vulnerable. : Sever Ivy and strip in future. Reduce crown by 10% and remove major deadwood. Reduce heavy branch weight rebalance as feasible. Costing : £ 185.00 and Tree No : 6410 Species : Quercus ilex Height : 12 m DBH : 1 m Age : 150 years Position : West side of Southern aspect of field Condition : The specimen has raised roots. There is basal decay on the West face with suspected Fistulina infection. The railing guard is ingrown at the base on the North face. There is fluting about the stem. The main crown is of pollard origin from 1.8 m, and contains a former water pocket. The main crown is actually disintegrating about the original pollard zone at 1.8 m, with visible fractures descending beyond 1 m below the base of the crown. There is stem lamination on the Southern limb at approx 4 m. There is upper crown dieback, though the low and mid crown regions are regenerating. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1A Though the crown is structurally liable to further collapse, it is considered that the landscape specimen could be retained in a reduced form with enhanced longevity. : Reduce crown by 50% and reduce heavy branch weight. Remove deadwood growth, and feasible. and weak rebalance live as Insert 4 No flexible steel cables from an internal ring support. Insert 2 No secondary cables. Re-inspect within 2 years. Costing : Tree work... £ 180.00 Cables... £ 250.00 Tree No : 6411 Species : Ilex aquifolium Altarclarensis Height : 9 m DBH : 0.65 m Age : 100 years Position : Southern aspect within field Condition : There are 3 No stems of coppice origin, with an old metal guard ingrown on the North aspect. The Southmost and Northmost stems have major decay wounds up to 1 metre. The stems are in weak union. There is major decay in the major stem at 3 m. Safety Concern Notes : : 1B Despite its faults and age, the specimen has retained considerable foliar vigour. This is an interesting specimen, and worthy of retention in the medium term. Recommendation : Reduce crown by 20% and remove major deadwood. Rebalance crown as feasible. Re-inspect within 2 years. Costing : £ 70.00 Tree No : 6412 Species : Populus nigra Height : 13 m DBH : 0.3 m Age : 30 years Position : Southern group linear canopy. Condition : There is a raised root buttress on the retaining face against the lean to the North East. Its attenuated and contorted form is lightly Ivy clad. The specimen is dominated by the adjacent Sycamore No 6406. There is a major stem fault at 6 metres with a decay entry point. Numerous upper crown faults are apparent. Safety Concern Notes : : 1B This is a poor specimen with a poor future. Recommendation : Fell to ground level for coppice regrowth. Costing : £ 85.00 Tree No : G6413 Species : Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (2 No) Acer saccharinum (1 No) Height : 9 m max DBH : 0.25 m max Age : 25 years Position : Southern group Condition : The Lawson specimens are overall of fair form and well balanced. The crown of the larger specimen is affected by the adjacent unbalanced Poplar (6412). The Acer saccharinum has shed a principal limb and is extensively faulted with main stem decay. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B The Lawsons are future specimens with high effect. : No action at present to Lawsons. landscape screening Pollard Acer saccharinum to 2 m. Costing : £ 35.00 Tree No : G6414 Species : Sorbus aria (minor Aesculus carnea) Height : 15 m max DBH : 0.5 m max Age : 70 years (Sorbus aria) Position : Inner edge of Southern group Condition : The specimen is lightly Ivy clad. 3 No crown union. stems are in weak It is overall of fair form and vigour, though restricted in the past by 6409, leading to a light weight imbalance to the North. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 3 Attractive native specimen : Thin crown of Sorbus by 10%, remove deadwood and rebalance crown as feasible. Conduct formative pruning to adjacent semi-mature Aesculus. Costing : £ 55.00 Tree No : G6415 (2 No) Species : Populus tremula Height : 18 m DBH : 0.6 m Age : 50 years Position : Middle section of linear canopy Condition : The Westmost specimen has had its limb removed at 1.5 m on the East face. There is a dead knot with incipient decay on the South face at 1.5 m and at 2 m on the West face. A faulted union is apparent at 2.5 m. Major deadwood is present in the low - mid crown area. There is a suspended hanging limb in the mid crown. Within the main bole there is a suspected structural fault. The Eastmost specimen is Ivy clad, with exposed major roots on the West face, opposite to the attenuated unbalanced crown to the East. Major deadwood is present. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1A The Westmost specimen is liable to uprooting and collapsing onto the building. : Reduce crowns by 50%, remove deadwood and rebalance crown as feasible. Re-inspect within 2 years. Costing : £ 250.00 Tree No : G6416 Species : Acer saccharinum (2 No) Height : 15 m DBH : 0.4 m Age : 60 years Position : Middle section of linear canopy Condition : Westmost Specimen The crown is restricted on the South and East by the dominant 6415 group and unbalanced to the north. It is affected by the attenuating rubbing limb from the Populus to the South. There is considerable Squirrel damage giving rise to major stem faults within the crown. Eastmost Specimen This is restricted by the adjacent Poplar to the South and is Ivy clad. Minor Squirrel damage is present. The specimen is unbalanced to the North. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 2 Treat in association with G6415. : Westmost Conduct secondary pollarding below the Squirrel damage approx 5 m. Remove deadwood and crown as feasible. to at rebalance Eastmost Reshape and rebalance as feasible after treatment to G6415. Costing : £ 150.00 Tree No : G6417 Species : Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Height : 20 m max DBH : 0.6 m Age : 60 years max Position : Middle section of linear canopy Condition : The Southmost major specimen has a characteristic sub-dominant stem in possible weak union. The specimen is overall of fair form. The remaining 6 No minor specimens are overall of fair form with occasional unbalanced growth. The Eastmost specimen suffered damage from the adjacent Poplar specimen. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 3 Contribute to evergreen screen. : Conduct light reduction Eastmost specimen. Re-inspect within 3 years. Costing has major : £ 10.00 to Tree No : G6418 Species : Acer saccharinum Height : 20 m DBH : 0.6 m Age : 60 years Position : Eastern edge of central group Condition : There is imbalance building a at 2 m crown. a considerable weight to the East over the with weak fork arising and attenuated upper The specimen is vigorous. The upper damage. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : crown has Squirrel : 1A The tree potentially threatens the adjacent outbuildings to the East due to major stem faults in the mid crown region. : Reduce crown deadwood. by 30%. Remove Rebalance crown as feasible. Costing : £100.00 Tree No : G6419 Species : Sorbus aria Acer platanoides Height : 15 m max DBH : 0.25 m max Age : 35 years Position : Middle section of linear canopy at Eastern edge Condition : Sorbus specimen This is heavily unbalanced to the East and attenuating towards the buildings. Overall the specimen is of fair vigour. It is Ivy-clad. Acer platanoides specimen There is damage. considerable Squirrel Limb defects are apparent about the crown. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B The Sorbus is an attractive native specimen which will benefit by reduction of the adjacent canopy. : Sorbus Reduce crown by 20% and rebalance as feasible. Acer platanoides Reduce crown by 50% and remove deadwood. Rebalance as feasible. Costing : £ 70.00 Tree No : G6420 Species : Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (2 No) Height : 7 m DBH : 0.25 m Age : 18 years Position : Central/North group Condition : The specimens are vigorous and of fair balanced form. Safety Concern : 3 Notes Recommendation : Future evergreen screening : No action at present. Tree No : 6421 Species : Salix x chrisocoma Height : 16 m DBH : 0.7 m Age : 65 years Position : Central/North aspect Condition : The specimen has raised roots and is Ivy clad. group; field The crown is restricted on the East aspect, leading to a marked weight imbalance to the West. Extensive dieback is present, with a severe foliar infection (viral Anthracnose). Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B The tree is liable to shed upper crown limbs. : Reduce crown by 30% and remove deadwood. Strip Ivy. Rebalance crown as feasible. Costing : £ 85.00 Tree No : 6422 Species : Acer saccharinum Height : 15 m DBH : 0.7 m Age : 60 years Position : Central/North aspect Condition : The specimen is lightly Ivy-clad. group; field There is a major decay entry point at 1.5 m from ground level on the main trunk. 3 No principal crown stems arise from this point in weak union. The main stems have suffered from considerable Squirrel damage, supporting the weight on the principal stem to the East which potentially threatens the boundary wall of the building complex. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B The tree may be retained with reduced safety concern and in fair form in the medium term in association with treatment to the adjacent canopy. : Remove basal stem to approximately 0.5 m from ground level. Reduce crown by 30% and rebalance as feasible. Remove deadwood growth. Costing : £ 60.00 and weak live Tree No : 6423 Species : Sorbus aria Height : 13 m DBH : 0.3 m Age : 50 years Position : Central group/North/field side Condition : There are exposed major lateral roots on the West retaining aspect against the weight imbalance to the North East. It is suspected that the tree is lifting from the ground. There is a weak fork at 1.5 m. Overall the specimen is vigorous with a restricted attenuated crown. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B The tree is liable to uproot in strong winds. : Reduce crown by 30% and remove deadwood. Rebalance the crown as feasible. Costing : £ 35.00 Tree No : 6424 Species : Betula pendula Height : 17 m DBH : 0.25 m Age : 30 years Position : Central group/North/near boundary wall Condition : There is a stem fault at 1 m with a suspected decay entry point on the main stem. The specimen restricted. is attenuated and There is considerable flexing in the upper crown. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B Possible threat to boundary wall if not attended to. : Conduct light 10% crown reduction and formatively prune. Re-inspect in 2 years. Costing : £ 25.00 Tree No : G6425 Species : Salix chrysocoma (1 No) Populus tremula (1 No) Populus (6 No) euramericana 'Serotina' Height : 9 m max DBH : 0.3 m max Age : 25 years Position : North/central field aspect Condition : The Willow is heavily suppressed and unbalanced with a poor future. The Aspen is also heavily unbalanced towards the field. The 6 No minor Poplars, suspected to be of sucker origin, are restricted, attenuated, and have occasional faults in the main stems. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 2 This group has contribution. : Coppice Willow, Aspen and 3 No Poplar. a low amenity Retain 3 No Poplar with modified crowns. Costing : £ 80.00 Tree No : 6426 Species : Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (3 No) Height : 15 m max DBH : 0.4 m max Age : 40 years Position : North/central Condition : Overall the group form and balance. Safety Concern : 3 Notes Recommendation : Contribute to screening : Near boundary wall are future of fair evergreen No action at present. Re-inspect within 3 years. Tree No : 6427 Species : Betula utilis Height : 7 m DBH : 0.2 m Age : 30 years Position : North/central Condition : There is a stem fault at 1.5 m giving rise to a contorted restricted unbalanced crown to the East. Near boundary wall The specimen potentially threatens the boundary wall. Safety Concern Notes : : 1B Poor specimen with a poor future. Recommendation : Fell to ground level. Costing : £ 25.00 Tree No : G6428 Species : Populus (6 No) Height : 8 m DBH : 0.2 m Age : 15 years Position : North/central adjacent to wall Condition : The group is heavily restricted by the dominant major Lawson and Poplar to the West. Safety Concern : 1B This group of trees is liable to structurally affect the wall and have a poor long term future. Recommendation : Fell to ground level and grind stumps. Costing : £ 185.00 Notes : euramericana 'Serotina' Immediately Tree No : G6429 Species : Populus trichocarpa (3 No) Height : 22 m DBH : 1 m max Age : 100 years Position : North group Condition : A) Specimen complex nearest building This is restricted on the West aspect leading to crown weight imbalance on the East aspect. Crown growth is overhanging the boundary wall. This is a vigorous, attenuated and mature specimen with considerable deadwood. B) Central major specimen This is East. unbalanced to the It has considerable deadwood, with major attenuated heavy branch weight extending towards the property. There are faults. numerous crown Major deadwood is present, and a suspended broken limb. C) Westmost dominant on field aspect specimen There are extensive raised roots. Basal structural faults are suspected. A major subdominant stem is in suspect weak union with the parent trunk. There are numerous faults in the mid crown stems, subtending considerable leverage and flexing in the upper crown. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B These are trees of substantial proportions, liable to shed major limbs or suffer crown disintegration in strong winds if unattended. : Reduce crowns by rebalance as feasible. Remove deadwood growth. and 30% and weak live Reduce heavy branch weight. Re-inspect within 2 years. Costing : £ 450.00 Tree No : 6430 Species : Carpinus betulus (2 No) Height : 8.5 m max DBH : 0.3 m Age : 25 years Position : North/central Condition : Both specimens are of fair form and vigour, though with moderately unbalanced outer lateral growth. Safety Concern : 3 Notes Recommendation : Future major amenity specimens : Formatively prune. Re-inspect within 4 years. Costing : £ 45.00 Tree No : 6431 Species : Fraxinus excelsior Height : 1.8 m DBH : 0.1 m Age : 20 years Position : North field aspect Condition : The specimen is weeping to ground level. It is completely the South aspect. restricted on The main stem has poor anchorage. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 3 This is an interesting specimen. : Lightly shape. low Re-inspect within 5 years. Costing : £ 10.00 level Tree No : 6432 Species : Quercus ilex Height : 4.5 m DBH : 1 m Age : 200 years Position : North field aspect Condition : There is an extensive basal fault and cavity. The main stem has collapsed. An old metal guard has ingrown, effecting a regenerated sucker stem. The collapsed stem is bearing weight upon the regenerated stem. A sucker stem to the South is basally faulted and unbalanced to the East. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 3 Amenity specimen of landscape interest : Cut collapsed trunk to be flat and free of juvenile stems. Lightly shape retained growth. Re-inspect within 5 years. Costing : £ 50.00 Tree No : G6433 (2 No) Species : Populus tremula Height : 18 m DBH : 0.6 m Age : 75 years Position : North group near buildings Condition : The Eastmost specimen has a major trunk lean overhanging the building. There is a suspected stem fault from ground level to 1 m. The Westmost specimen has a damaged surface root on the South aspect. It is union. twin-stemmed, in weak The Northmost stem has been removed to 1 m from ground level. This is a major decay entry point. There is considerable weight imbalance to the South West. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B Substantial specimens with mutual canopy, liable to future storm damage, though with landscape value. : Reduce crown by 30% and remove deadwood. Reduce heavy branch weight and rebalance the crown as feasible. Re-inspect within 3 years. Costing : £ 250.00 Tree No : G6434 (2 No) Species : Populus nigra Populus tremula Height : 15 m max DBH : 0.75 m max Age : 90 years max Position : North group overhanging car park Condition : A) Southmost specimen Root damage is evident, with a decay entry point. The specimen has raised roots, with a dead snag arising from ground level on the West face. There is a likely decay entry point. basal The main crown is spreading and vigorous. It has been subject in the past to storm damage and reduction. B) There is a crown imbalance to the East, with retaining buttressing roots on the West, which have been damaged. The specimen has been subject to past light reduction and likely storm damage. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : 1B Cars parking immediately beneath the trees. : Conduct further reduction. 2 m height Lightly reshape and rebalance as feasible. Re-inspect within 2 years. Costing : £ 110.00 Tree No : G6435 Species : Sorbus aria (3 No) Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (5 No) Height : 6 m max DBH : 0.2 m max Age : 18 years Position : Northern park Condition : The Sorbus are overall of fair form and vigour, though with light imbalance to the East, affected by the adjacent canopy. edge adjacent The Lawson provide evergreen component. Safety Concern Notes Recommendation : : a to vigorous 3 Semi-mature intermediate contribute to screening. : : canopy Conduct light formative pruning and rebalance as feasible. Re-inspect within 5 years. Costing car £ 45.00