Design And Implementation Of A Computerized Erosion
Control Information System (Case Study Of Ministry Of Works
Enugu)
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
i
Certification
ii
Dedication
iii
Acknowledgement
iv
Abstract
vi
Table of content
vii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Background of the study
1.2
Statement of the problem
1.3
Purpose of the study
1.4
Scope of the study
1.5
Objective of the study
1.6
Definition of terms
2
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
3.0
Overview of the existing system
3.1
Description and analysis of the existing system
3.2
Method of data collection
3.2.1 Interview method
3.2.2 Reference to written text
3.3
Input analysis
3.4
Process analysis
3.5
Output analysis
3.6
Problem of the existing system
3.7
Justification of the new system
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
Design of the new system
4.1
Output specification
3
4.2
Input specification
4.3
File design
4.4
Procedure chart
4.5
System flow chart
4.6
System requirement
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0
Implementation
5.1
Program design
5.2
Program flow chart
5.3
Pseudo code
5.4
Source listing
5.5
Test run
CHAPTER SIX
6.0
DOCUMENTATION
4
CHAPTER SEVEN
7.0
Recommendation and conclusion
7.1
References
7.2
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
This project is specifically on erosion control information system
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The soil particles must be detects from the parent soil mass, Agriculture
which occupy over two third of the eastern region area and land mass is
seriously threatened by accelerates soil erosion which is systematically
reducing the land area available for agriculture. Causes, effects and control
measures are always way been the confusing part of resolving the erosion
problem in the eastern region. Erosion is of different forms the common one
along our roads includes, “Gully erosion”
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Gully erosion occurs in areas of strong relief or loose sandy soils. It
creates deep gorges or gullies which dissect the land surface and hind
movement and the cultivation of land. It is an advanced stage of rill erosion
where surface channels has been eroded to the point where they cannot be
smoothed over by normal tillage operations. Gully erosion is simply defined as
the run off concentration in channels greater than rills large channels.
Often, gullies can be prevented if good land conservation measures are
practiced on the farm.
The U.S department of Agriculture’s Hand book #667 (AGHBK 667) in
the past used “design method for Grass – lined open channel” ECMDS. The
channel protection module utilizes calculations from federal highway
Administration’s Hydrallic Engineering circular #15 (HEC 15) Tractive force
procedure”. The ECMDS which stands for Erosion control material design
software, provided computer – assisted selection of material for slop erosion
protection and channel source resistance. Without this checks on these types of
erosion or a computer-assisted selection material for channel source resistance.
The result of the occurrence and expansion of gullies in our roads has posed the
following consequences.
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(1)
The damage of cultivated lands:
Mainly
farmers
relying
on
proceed from sale of farm products can not achieve and produce agricultural
products from damaged lands and the damages the gully is causing on our
roads can not be over emphasized. It is in this quest for preventions and
erosion control system, that the term “A computerized erosion information
stem” become paramount. The system utilizers design procedures from the
erosion control Technology council to correct failure. Criteria bases on lining
degradation and soil loss.
(2)
Accounts for differing vegetation growth habits and densities.
(3)
Accounts for differing soil ero dibility factors.
(4)
Build a web-base erosion control information system
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The existing system in the ministry of works has been proven to be the
major hindrance to effective erosion control. From a business and management
perspective, information system are far more than just import-process-output
machines operating in a vaccum.
The problem of the existing system as
observed was lack of computerized processing, in the area of keeping record.
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Record keeping in the ministry is based on manual systems. It was quite
alarming that at this very stage of it revolution I couldn’t observe any computer
system readily available to support their services. The knowledge workers was
ingnonnt about the usefulness of the computer systems because they are not
computer literate.
In the existing system frequent misplacement of vital
information soften from the site.
No quick and timely study poor
communication for contract bids as this only done on news paper instead of
web-sites and other on-line marketing approach.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This study became very important when I observed that ministry of
works has really lost in the modern system running an organization.
Information systems are part of organization. Indeed, for some companies or
credit reporting firms, without the system there would be business. The way
elements of an organization are composed of different level and specialities.
Their structure reveals a cleare – cut division of labour.
owing to the fact that ministry of works is currently running on manual
system of record keeping and poor information display of contract bids for
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erosion problems. I became so interested in the ministry could be revived to
meet up with modern day system of organization management. So the essence
of the new system is to introduce IT application in the area of erosion control
approach.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this project is limited to erosion control information. In
order to provide complete channel protection, a turf reinforcement (TRM) must
function to provide effective erosion control and turf reinforcement. Through
the three phase of a reinforced vegetative channel lining’s development. In
phase 1 the TRM must control soil and seed loss immediately after installation
to ensure the successful development of a permanent vegetative stand. In
phase 2, defined as the period of time from seed germination until a mature
stand of vegetation is established, the matting must continue its role by
supplementing the erosion protection provided by the vegetation as well as
structurally reinforcing the development plants against hish shear stress water
flows. Finally phase 3, when the vegetation has become mature the matting
must provide stem reinforcement and root zone protection by creating a
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software like that of North American Green’s Vmas3 composite turf
reinforcement mats (C-TRM) [see www.nagreen.com].
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
My target in this project is to build a web-based information system that
will be supported with vegetation selection modules. The vegetation modules
will utilize site specific information such as location, soil type, moisture regime
and planned site maintenance to provide a list of adapted grass and legumes
with corresponding seeding rates, as well as growth habits (bunch and sod
farming) and longevity for each species. The web-based information system
will assist designers in selecting vegetation species well adapted to their site’s
environmental conditions and erosion control. Also to design a new system
that will bring about computerized storage process, and to enlighten the
knowledge workers how to implement a computerized erosion control
information system.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
Erosion:
This is the overland flow resulting from rain splash and through
flow of surface flow. The soil particles must be detached from the parent soil
mass, transported and then the disposition of the detached material. The level
of detaching capacity depends on the erosive agents. The degree of occurrence
varies considerably from one part of the field to another and it is a major
environmental problem, so if not controlled can have negative effect on the
environment.
Gully Erosion:
This is another type of erosion, which is common in areas
of strong relief or loose sandy soils. It creates deep gorges or sullies which
dissect the land surface and hinders movement and cultivation of the land. It is
an advanced stage of rill erosion where surface channels have been eroded to
the point where they cannot be smoothed over by normal till age operations.
ECMDS:
ECMDS stands for “Erosion Control Material Design Software”.
It is the software from which the concept of the new system is drawn. It is
used North America. ECMDS provides computer – assisted selection of
material for slop erosion protection and channel source resistance. It is a
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necessity for every engineer, designer or contractor who must comply with
today’s strict erosion and sediment control resultations.
Vegetation: This a popular control measure to soil in Nigeria. It tends to
protect the soil surface from rain drop inpact, reduce the amount of water
available for runoff by consuming it and by improving infiltration capacity (by
increasing surface roughness) decreases the velocity of runoff.
Grass Lined Open Channels:
This a system design method that provides
accurate channel hydrallic and stability analysis of lining material such as
vegetation, and riprap.
Tractive Force Prodedure:
This a calculation that using a modul for
channel protection.
Web-based Information Systm: As the name implies world wide web-base
information system. The web is a part of the internet that contains linked text,
image, sound and videos, documents. Abbrivated “www”. Information system
can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect (or
retrieve), process, store, and distributed informations to support decision
making and control in an organization. Thus web-based information system
could simply be defined as a set of interrelated components that collect,
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process, store and distribute information to support decision making and
control in an organization using the internet supplications.
Modules:
A distinct and identifiable unit of computer program for such
puposes as compiling, loading, and linkage edition.
Existing system:
This is the current manual system in ministry of works that
is currently under study.
New System:
This is the conceptual system that is currently under design
and implementation to replace old manual system.
ECTC:
This stands for Erosion Control Technology Council:
This
body is responsible for seting standard test methods and definition rolled
erosion control products (software).
Recognizance survey:
This a first hand work of erosion affected area
without going to carry out any practical survey.
Working Drawing: This an Architectural sketch of how to correct erosion
problem.
Survey Plan:This guide in steps that describe how to embark on survey of
erosion site.
Bill of Quantity:
This is the summary of carrying out the erosion control.
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