A&P II 2014 Exam 1 Name ____________________________________________
Match the following:
A) Sympathetic
B) Parasympathetic
1) Short preganglionic, long postganglionic fibers.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 529; Tbl. 14.1
2) Collateral ganglia.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 529; Tbl. 14.1
3) Active after you have eaten a meal.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 536; Tbl. 14.4
4) Decreases heart rate.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 536; Tbl. 14.4
5) Maintenance functions.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 529; Tbl. 14.1
6) Stimulates ciliary muscles of the eye.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 536; Tbl. 14.4
7) Increases blood pressure.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 536; Tbl. 14.4
Answers: 1) A 2) A 3) B 4) B 5) B 6) B 7) A
Match the following:
A) Acetylcholine (ACh)
B) Norepinephrine (NE)
8) Preganglionic sympathetic.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 534; Tbl. 14.2
9) Preganglionic parasympathetic.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 534; Tbl. 14.2
10) Postganglionic sympathetic to sweat glands.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 534; Tbl. 14.2
Answers: 8) A 9) A 10) A
T/F
11) Most disorders of the autonomic nervous system reflect abnormalities of smooth
muscle control.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 539
12) Alpha-adrenergic effects dominate the direct control of blood pressure.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 535-536
13) The adrenal medulla is considered a "misplaced" sympathetic ganglion by some.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 533
14) Acetylcholine is the substance released by the axonal endings of the somatic efferent
fibers and by the parasympathetic nerve fiber endings.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 529; Tbl. 14.1
15) The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS have the same effect on
most body organ systems.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 526
Multiple Choice
16) The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following except
________.
A) their effectors
B) their efferent pathways
C) to some degree in target responses to their neurotransmitters
D) all of the neurotransmitters
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 525-526
17) Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except ________.
A) constriction of most blood vessels
B) dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal muscles
C) increase of heart rate and force
D) dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 536; Tbl. 14.4
18) Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
A) smooth muscle
B) cardiac muscle
C) skeletal muscle
D) most glands
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 525
19) Autonomic ganglia contain ________.
A) an outer connective tissue capsule around the cell bodies of preganglionic motor
neurons
B) synapses between postganglionic fibers and their effectors
C) the cell bodies of motor neurons
D) both somatic afferent and efferent neurons
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 525
20) Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures
called ________.
A) white rami communicantes
B) gray rami communicantes
C) spinal nerves
D) splanchnic nerves
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 531
16.1 Matching Questions
Figure 16.1
Using Figure 16.1, match the following:
21) Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual
characteristics at puberty.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 605; Fig. 16.1
22) Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 599; Fig. 16.1
23) Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex
characteristics.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 620; Fig. 16.1
24) Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 612; Fig. 16.1
25) Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 599; Fig. 16.1
Match the following:
A) Hormonal stimulus
B) Humoral stimulus
C) Neural stimulus
26) Testosterone production
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 603; Tbl.16.1
27) Epinephrine production
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 597; Fig. 16.14
28) Aldosterone production
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 605; Tbl. 16.1
29) Parathyroid hormone production
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 596; Fig. 16.4
Answers: 26) A 27) C 28) A 29) B
T/F
30) LH is also referred to as a gonadotropin.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 605
31) In aged individuals, chronic stress may increase blood levels of cortisol and possibly
contribute to memory deterioration.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 623
32) Oxytocin is a strong stimulant of uterine contractions.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 599
33) The beta cells in the pancreatic islets produce insulin.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 618
34) Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that controls blood pressure in part by
increasing the urinary excretion of sodium.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 614
35) Oxytocin and ADH are produced in the posterior pituitary.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 599
Multiple Choice
36) When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight-or-flight response, a hormone that is
released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome is ________.
A) estrogen
B) epinephrine
C) angiotensinogen
D) renin
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 616; Fig. 16.17
37) The major targets of growth hormone are ________.
A) the blood vessels
B) the adrenal glands
C) the liver
D) bones and skeletal muscles
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 602-3; Tbl. 16.1
38) Which of the following is not a steroid-based hormone?
A) estrogen
B) aldosterone
C) epinephrine
D) cortisone
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 597
39) Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus ________.
A) enter venous circulation and travel to the heart, which pumps the hormone-containing
blood to the pituitary
B) enter the hepatic portal system, which feeds the pituitary
C) travel by arteries to the pituitary
D) first enter into the hypophyseal portal system
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 599
40) The single most important regulator of calcium levels in the blood is ________.
A) calcitonin
B) parathyroid hormone
C) thyroid hormone
D) gonadotropic hormones
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 611
Match the following:
A) Fibrinogen
B) Alpha and beta globulins
C) Albumin
D) Gamma globulins
41) Main contributor to osmotic pressure.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1
42) Antibodies released by plasma cells during immune response.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1
43) Necessary for coagulation
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1
44) Transport proteins that bind to lipids, metal ions, and fat-soluble vitamins.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1
Answers: 41) C 42) D 43) A 44) B
T/F
45) The primary source of RBCs in the adult human being is the bone marrow in the
shafts of the long bones.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 636
46) The normal RBC "graveyard" is the liver.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 638
47) Hemorrhagic anemias result from blood loss.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 638
48) Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 635
49) Each hemoglobin molecule can transport two molecules of oxygen.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 635
Multiple Choice
50) Which of the following is not a distribution function of blood?
A) delivery of oxygen to body cells
B) transport of metabolic wastes from cells
C) transport of hormones to their target organs
D) transport of salts to maintain blood volume
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 632
51) Which of the following is a protective function of blood?
A) prevention of blood loss
B) maintenance of adequate fluid volume
C) maintenance of normal pH in body tissue
D) maintenance of body temperature
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 633
52) Which of the statements below is an incorrect or false statement?
A) Transfusion of incompatible blood can be fatal.
B) Unique to the ABO blood group is the presence in the plasma of preformed antibodies.
C) Blood typing for the Kell, Lewis, and Duffy factors is always done before a blood
transfusion.
D) When a transfusion reaction occurs, the oxygen-carrying capacity of the transfused
blood cells is disrupted and the clumping of RBCs in small vessels hinders blood flow to
tissues beyond those points.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 651
53) Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis?
A) hypoxia of EPO-producing cells
B) decreased tissue demand for oxygen
C) an increased number of RBCs
D) moving to a lower altitude
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 636-637
54) Blood reticulocyte counts provide information regarding ________.
A) rate of erythrocyte formation
B) rate of platelet formation
C) clotting ability of the blood
D) WBC ability to defend the body against disease
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 636-637
55) Which of the following statements does not describe blood?
A) Blood is denser and more viscous than water.
B) Blood varies from bright red to a dark red color.
C) Blood pH is normally between 7.34 — 7.45.
D) Blood carriers body cells to injured areas for repair
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 632
56) The plasma protein that is the major contributor to osmotic pressure is ________.
A) fibrinogen
B) albumin
C) alpha globulin
D) gamma globulin
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 633; Tbl. 17.1
57) All of the following can be expected with polycythemia except ________.
A) high hematocrit
B) low blood viscosity
C) increased blood volume
D) high blood pressure
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 640
58) Which of the following is not a structural characteristic that contributes to erythrocyte
gas transport functions?
A) biconcave shape
B) hemoglobin containing-sack
C) produces energy anaerobically
D) mitotically active
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 634-635
59) A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and causing an
appearance of large pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of ________.
A) aplastic anemia
B) polycythemia
C) pernicious anemia
D) sickle-cell anemia
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 639
60) Which of the following is true about blood plasma?
A) It is the same as serum but without the clotting proteins.
B) The main protein component is hemoglobin.
C) It is about 90% water.
D) It contains about 20 dissolved components.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 633
Xtra Credit (1 point each)
Multiple Choice
1) Where would you not find a cholinergeric nicotinic receptor?
A) all parasympathetic target organs
B) all postganglionic neurons
C) adrenal medulla hormone producing cells
D) skeletal muscle motor end plates
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 533-534 Tbl 14.2
2) Which of the following adrenergic neurotransmitter receptors plays the major role in
heart activity?
A) beta 1
B) beta 2
C) beta 3
D) alpha 1
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 534; Tbl. 14.2
3) Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second-messenger systems include
________.
A) possible activation of several different second-messenger systems
B) cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase formation of an active second messenger
C) formation of a specific protein kinase that acts on a series of extracellular
intermediates
D) hormone binding to intracellular receptors
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 593-595
4) Which of the following would not be a possible cause of sickling of red blood cells in
someone with sickle-cell anemia?
A) travel at high altitude
B) vigorous exercise
C) malaria and travel at high altitude
D) sleeping in a well-ventilated room
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 639-640
T/F
5) Enteroendocrine cells of the GI tract produce some hormones that are chemically
identical to neurotransmitters.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 621