CHALLENGE 1
1
MARKING SCHEME TASK A
THE ANSWER IS
BLOWING IN THE WIND
MARKING SCHEME A
Challenge 1
28th of April 2015
Team:
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CHALLENGE 1
2
MARKING SCHEME TASK A
1. The ecology of Astacus astacus ssp. virtuliensis
1.1.
Match the definitions (left column) with the correct ecological terms (biotope, habitat,
ecological niche) through ticking the correct box.
9 Marks
1 Mark for each correct answer
Characteristics of biotope, habitat,
Biotope
Habitat
Ecological niche
ecological niche of Astacus v.
Omnivore
x
Actively collects food
Rivers, streams, lakes
x
x
Steep banks
x
Strong structuring of the benthic
x
division
Minimum water temperature in
x
summer 15 °C
Nocturnal
x
Oxygen content of the water
x
Hiding places
x
1.2 Astacus performance in response to water temperature in summertime
(12 Marks)
1.2.1 Draw a graph (bell-shaped curve) demonstrating the relationship between the stated
water temperatures (minimum, optimum, maximum) versus the species performance.
1.2.2 Label the graph of 1.2.1 with the characteristic temperature range and temperature
points/temperature ranges (minimum, maximum, optimum, pessimum [= opposite of
optimum]). Annotate the graph and add a legend.
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CHALLENGE 1
Formal: 30% allocated to
Content marking70%
allocated to
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
usage of area (no graph, at least ½ page or
1, 2 or 0
3/4 or greater of page respectively):
Labeling of axes: Scaling, numbers, range
and units: Everything must be indicated,
2 or 0
otherwise no marks will be given
Plotting points: o or x on the exact
1 or 0
position
Bell shaped curve
1
Correctly marked start
1
Correctly marked terminal point
1
Correctly marked optimal range
2
Correctly marked pessimum 1
1
Correctly marked pessimum 2
1
It will also be correct, if the lines or points are marked like: Min, Max, Opt, Pessimum….
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CHALLENGE 1
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
2. Possible effects of a pump station on Astacus astacus subsp. virtuliensis
2.1 Identify areas in the graphs representing ecological factors that can lead to extinction of the
crayfish population. Mark those areas clearly.
No area marked in the table „Average oxygen….“
(3 Marks)
1 Mark
_______________________________________________________________________
 Area between red graph (water temperature) and 25°C correctly marked
1 Mark
 Area between red graph(water temperature) and line middle of September correctly marked
1 Mark
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CHALLENGE 1
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
2.2 Mark optimal areas for temperature and oxygen content in summer within the diagrams.
(5 Marks)
Area between blue graph and line 6 mg/L oxygen correctly marked
Area between red graph under the line 6 mg/L and line 6mg/L oxygen not marked
Area between beginning of June and middle of September correctly marked
1 Mark
1 Mark
1 Mark
Area between 19°C and 21°C blue correctly marked
Area between red graph and middle of September correctly marked
1 Mark
1 Mark
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CHALLENGE 1
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
3. Functional morphology of crayfish
3.1 On the provided crayfish handout, arrange the crayfish extremities, from the glass
container, in the correct order. Each box must show either a cross or a zero: “X“ for correct,
“0“ for incorrect!!
(20 Marks)
All extremities must be glued onto the crayfish handout!!
Left/right 1 Mark
Extr
Marks
1
1
in correct order
2
1
in correct order
3
Ex. 3-Ex.8 between Ex. 2
4
and Ex.9 ,
5
(it is not nessessary, to do
6
6
it in correct order)
7
8
9
1
in correct order
10
1
in correct order
11
1
in correct order
12
13
14
2
between Ex. 11 and Ex. 15
between Ex. 13 and Ex.19
15
16
5
17
18
19
1
in correct order
A picture has been taken of the finished answer sheet by the laboratory assistant. (The country
label must be clearly visible on the picture!)
Signature laboratory assistant:_____________________________________
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CHALLENGE 1
3.2
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
Match each extremity to its main function (multiple assignments are possible, but
maximally three assignments per extremity are allowed).the table “Function”
Each box must show either a cross or a zero: “X“ for correct, “0“ for incorrect!
Extremity
Function
A
B
C
D1
D
D2
X
X
Marks
E
D3
X
E1
0
E2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
X
X
0
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
X or 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
X
X
0
0
0
0
0
0
X
0
0
0
X
0
0
0
0
X
0
0
X
0
0
0
0
X
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
12
13
0
14
15
16
17
18
19
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(10 Marks)
CHALLENGE 1
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
4. Crayfish identification
4.1. Tick the statements on the key in the grey column that lead to the identification of the
presented crayfish!
(9 Marks)
3 Marks for each correct answer
Key to native and alien crayfish species in Europe
1a
X
Undersides of chelipeds are red or
go to 2
orange
Undersides of chelipeds are neither red
1b
go to 4
nor orange
Red swamp
2a
crayfish
one postorbital ridge
Procambarus clarkii
Louisiana crayfish
2b
X
3a
Sharp spines behind the cervical groove
X
3b
go to 3
two postorbital ridges
Astacus astacus
Noble crayfish
subsp. virtuliensis
No sharp spines behind the cervical
groove, Carapax und surface of chelae
Pacifastacus
Signal crayfish
leniusculus
smooth
4a
Spines behind the cervical groove
4b
No spines behind the cervical groove
5a
one postorbital ridge
5b
two postorbital ridges
6a
6b
go to 5
Austropotamobius
Stone crayfish
torrentium
go to 6
no transverse maroon bands across
Danube crayfish
Astacus
Galician crayfish
leptodactylus
White clawed
Austropotamobius
crayfish
pallipes
abdominal segments
transverse maroon bands across
Eastern Crayfish
abdominal segments
Delcore Crayfish
Orconectes limosus
4.2. Write the correct Latin name of the crayfish you have identified.
Pacifastacus leniusculus
(2 Marks)
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CHALLENGE 1
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
5. Theoretical questions
(10 Marks)
5.1. Which of the statements are correct, which are incorrect? Tick your choice!  Answer sheet
2 Marks for each correct answer
correct
Statement
The organs of equilibrium in crayfish are called statocysts
The Nautilus larva is an early developmental stage of decapods
Crayfish eyes show the same basic bauplan as cephalopods.
The scheme shows the age distribution of a crayfish population that most
likely becomes extinct:
incorrect
2
2
2
3
3: Reproduction completed
2: Capable of reproduction
1: Young
2
2
…1
The competition between two populations of different species is stronger if
the ecological niches of these species highly overlap
2
6. Evaluate the situation of constructing a pump station in Kleinvirtulien
(10 Marks)
Factor
Effect
Yes
Crayfish population
Regardless of your identification
result: For the individuals Astacus
astacus ssp. virtuliensis that exist
in the valley
Threat of the habitat through
changes in the environment
(Assessment)
Threat for the population through
reduced O2 water content
Threat for the population through
increased water temperatures in
summer
Astacus astacus ssp.
virtuliensis identified
Danger of extinction is given
Pump station
No
2
2
2
Electrolysis station
Pump station
No answer expected
Electrolysis station
Pump station
No answer expected
Electrolysis station
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2
2
No answer expected
CHALLENGE 1
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MARKING SCHEME TASK A
Task D
Recommendation of the science team
for the power station construction in Klein-Virtulien
1. Summarize your results as a team in the table “Findings” to help you come to a common statement
in table “Recommendation”!
(no Marks)
 Answer sheet
Table Findings
Yes
Crayfish worth protecting are found in the valley and danger of
extinction is given
X
The capacity of the pump storage facility is better suited than that of the
“Power-to-Gas“ facility
X
Chromium (VI) exceeds legal limits for drinking water
2. Indicate your team recommendation in the table “Recommendation”!
No
X

Answer sheet
This group statement will be awarded another 6 Marks!
Table Recommendation
A conventional pump storage station should be built
A modern electrolysis station (Power-to-Gas,P2G) should be built
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Yes
No
X
X
CHALLENGE 1
11
MARKING SCHEME TASK A
Task E
Facts about.....
Evaluate the following statements!
(24 Marks)
2 Marks for each correct answer
Table „Facts about….“
Facts
Facts about
chromium
Statements
correct
Chromium is an important alloy component in
stainless steel.
Chromium is
chromosomes.
Facts about water
a
main
compound
X
of
X
Chromium(III) compounds are known for their
yellow colour.
X
Freshwater osteichthyes actively take up
electrolytes with their branchiae from the
surrounding water and excrete highly
concentrated urine
X
The pH of water increases with rising
temperature.
A fully filled water reservoir of 45m depth has a
concrete dam at ist end. The force of water
exerted from the inside onto 1 m2 of the dam is
about 450.000N..
Facts about energy
X
X
ATP is the cell’s energy carrier. In all organisms
the ATP synthesis takes place in the
mitochondria.
Negative reaction enthalpy
endothermic reaction.
implies
X
an
X
The solar constant is about 1,4 N/m².
Facts about
biomolecules
incorrect
The blood of some crayfish contains copper ions.
X
X
Peptides are always larger than proteins.
X
The mass of one biomolecule is always smaller than
that of one lead atom.
X
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