IS1105: Strategic Application of IT
Information Systems and Organizations
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Definition --- pg 21
Inner Workings of IS
o Data – Information – Knowledge --- pg 22
o Component--- pg 23
 Hardware, Software and Telecommunications Networks
 People
Careers in Information Systems
o Careers --- pg 25
o Value offered to Organizations
 Technical Competency --- pg 27
 Business Competency --- pg 27
 Systems Competency --- pg 28
Context/Uses of IS
o Types of IS (Table in pg 30) --- pg 29 – 31
Transaction processing system, Management IS, Decision Support System, Intelligent
System, Data mining and visualization, Office Automation System
o Why Information Systems Matter
 A counter to Nicholas Carr’s IT Doesn’t Matter --- pg 35
Decision Levels
o Operational Level --- pg 84
o Managerial/Tactical Level --- pg 85
o Executive/Strategic Level --- pg 86
IS and Business Processes
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Core Business Processes
o Order-to-Cash: order for product or service made and paid after receiving ---pg 281
o Procure-to-Pay: processes that procure goods from external vendors --- pg 282
o Make-to-Stock: goods produced and stocked based on forecasts --- pg 282 – 283
o Make-to-Order: procured based on forecasts, manufactured on order --- pg 283
Value Chain Activities
o Core Activities --- pg 284 – 285
 Inbound Logistics / Operations and Management / Outbound Logistics /
Marketing and Sales / Customer Service
o Support Activities --- pg 286 – 287
 Administrative Activities / Infrastructure Activities / HR Activities /
Technology Development Activities / Procurement Activities
Connecting Organizational Value Chains to form a Value System --- pg 287 – 288
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IS1105: Strategic Application of IT
IS and Competitive Advantage
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3 ways IS provides value:
o IS for Automating: Doing things faster--- pg 88
o IS for Learning: Doing things Better --- pg 88
o IS for Strategizing: Doing things Smarter --- pg 90 – 92
 Different Organizational Strategy:
Low-cost leadership / Differentiation Strategy / Best-cost provider Strategy
Sources of Competitive Advantage --- pg 93
Quality – Service – Low Cost – Proprietary – Innovation – Brand – Value
To Compete
o Where to compete: Competitive Forces --- pg 93 – 94
o How to compete: Value Chain --- pg 94 – 95
Enabling Commerce using Internet
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Types of E-commerce --- pg 145 – 146
B2B / B2C / B2E / C2B / C2C / G2C / G2B / G2G: Business, Consumer, Employee, Government
Capabilities of the Web (Table at pg 146)
o Information Dissemination / Integration --- pg 146
o Mass Customization --- pg 147
o Interactive Communication --- pg 148
o Transaction Support --- pg 148
EC Business Strategies
o Click-and-Mortar Strategy --- pg 150
o Click-Only Strategy --- pg 151
o Revenue Model (Table at pg 152) --- pg 152
Business-to-Business EC
o Need to exchange Data --- pg 154
o Extranets (Benefits, Architecture, Applications, Portals) --- pg 155 – 157
o B2B Marketplace --- pg 157 – 158
o Financial Transactions --- pg158 – 159
Business-to-Employee EC
o Intranets (Benefits, Architecture) --- pg 159 – 160
 Applications --- pg160 – 165: Training / Real-Time Access / Entry of Info /
Collaboration / Groupware (group + software) / Video-Conferencing
Business-to-Consumer / Consumer-to-Consumer EC
o E-tailing
 Stages: E-Information  E-Integration  E-Transaction --- pg 166
 Benefits (Product / Place / Price / Long Tail) --- pg 167 – 168
 Drawback (Product Delivery / Direct Product Experience) --- pg 168
o Rules of successful E-commerce --- pg 169 – 170
o E-Banking --- pg 170
Consumer-to-Consumer EC
o E-Auction --- pg 170 – 171
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IS1105: Strategic Application of IT
Enhancing Collaboration with Web 2.0
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Make use of Social Software, Enterprise 2.0, Collective Intelligence --- pg 195 – 197
Enhancing Communication with Web 2.0
o Blogs --- pg 197 – 199
o Social Presence (E.g. Twitter) --- pg 199 – 201
o Instant Messaging / Virtual Worlds --- pg 201
Enhancing Cooperation with Web 2.0
o Media Sharing --- pg 203
o Social Bookmarking --- pg 203 – 204
o Social Cataloguing: Tagging / Geotagging --- pg 204 – 207
Enhancing Collaboration with Web 2.0
o Peer Production(Wikis / Crowd Sourcing) --- pg 207 - 213
Enhancing Business Intelligence using IS
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Need for Business Intelligence --- pg 237
Databases --- pg 239 – 240
o Foundation Concepts --- pg 240 – 241
o Advantages --- pg 241
o Effective Management
 Entering and Querying Data / SQL --- pg 243 – 245
 Online Transaction Processing --- pg 245 – 246
 Operational Systems and Business Intelligence --- pg 246
 Master Data Management --- pg 246
 Data Warehouses --- pg 247 – 248
 Data Marts --- pg 249
Business Intelligence Components
o Information and Knowledge Discovery
 Ad Hoc Queries and Reports --- pg 249
 Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
 Measures and Discovery / Cubes, Slicing and Dicing --- pg 250
 Data Mining: Association Discovery / Clustering and Classification --- pg 251
 Unstructured Data Analysis
 Text Mining, Web Content Mining, Web Usage Mining --- pg 252
o Business Analytics to Support Decision Making
 Business Analytics --- pg 254 – 255
 Decision Support Systems: Architecture --- pg 255 – 256
 Intelligent Systems (i.e. Artificial Intelligence) --- pg 256 – 257
 Expert Systems:
o Neural Networks / Intelligence Agents --- pg 257 – 260
 Knowledge Management Systems --- pg 260 – 262
o Information Visualization
 Dashboards / Visual Analytics --- pg 263 – 266
 Geographic Information Systems --- pg 266 – 269
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IS1105: Strategic Application of IT
Enhancing Business Processes using Enterprise Systems
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Enterprise Systems (Globalization of networks)
o Enterprise System VS Legacy Systems (Customizable) --- pg 288 – 291
o Supporting Business Processes / Interorganizational System
 Need for Integrated Enterprise Systems --- pg 293 – 294
 Improving Business Processes Through Enterprise Systems --- pg 294
 Vanilla VS Customized Software --- pg 295
 Best Practices- Based Software --- pg 296
 Business Process Management --- pg 296 – 297
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
o Integrating Data to Integrate Applications --- pg 297 – 300
o Choosing an ERP System / Requirements in ERP System
 ERP Core and Extended Components --- pg 300 – 301
o Enabling Business Processes Using ERP Core Components
 Order-to-Cash --- pg 302
 Procure-to-Pay --- pg 303
 Make-to-Stock / Make-to-Order --- pg 303
o ERP Installation + Limitations --- pg 304 – 305
Improving Supply Chains Using Enterprise Systems
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Definitions + Importance --- pg 318 – 320
Benefits of an Effective Supply Chain
o Just-in-Time Productions --- pg 320 – 321
o Vendor-Managed Inventory / Bullwhip effect --- pg 321
o Corporate Social Responsibility
 Product Recalls / Sustainable Business Practices --- pg 321 – 322
Functions that optimize Supply Network --- pg 322 – 324
Supply Chain Management (SCM) Architecture
o Supply Chain Planning --- pg 324 – 325
 Demand Forecasting  Distribution Planning  Production Scheduling 
Inventory and Safety Stock Planning
o Supply Chain Execution --- pg 325
 Product Flow  Information Flow  Financial Flow
o Supply Chain Visibility and Analytics --- pg 326 – 327
Developing an SCM Strategy
o Emerging Trends: XML / RFID --- pg 328 – 331
Strengthening Customer Relationships Using Enterprise Systems
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Definitions + Benefits --- pg 331 – 335
Developing a CRM Strategy / Architecture of a CRM system (Figure in pg 336)
o Operational: Sales Force Automation, Customer Service, Marketing --- pg 335 – 339
o Analytical CRM --- pg 339 – 343
o Collaborative CRM --- pg 343
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