Drawing
WMHS
Mrs. Zilly
Name:________________________________________
Ink Landscape Drawings
908
Objective: Each student will work from at least three reference pictures to create a landscape drawing. This
landscape drawing will be made up of different ink washes as well as pen and ink marks. This drawing should
showcase atmospheric perspective, surface detail, texture, and value made from line.
Supplies: graphite pencil, watercolor paper, permanent ink, ink brushes, pen and quill, reference pictures and
ruler.
Time: 2 weeks
Steps:
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Students will search for landscape reference pictures from the internet and from home. If it is a
photograph of a landscape the student took then they may draw from it directly. If a student is using
reference pictures from the internet or magazines, they must use different elements from at least
three different reference pictures. This will ensure that it is their own composition.
Once students have their reference pictures, they will begin to draw their landscape on watercolor
paper. They should press lightly and show as much detail as possible. This will help later on down the
road when applying ink.
When their drawing is completely finished, each student must get teacher approval to start with ink.
Start by color blocking using a wash and ink. This will be your base coat.
Then use your pen and ink to begin to add the detail, surface texture, value (using cross-hatching or
stippling or both).
Always keep a piece of scrap paper to blot your pen and practice lines and textures.
Vocabulary:
hatching and cross-hatching - Creating tonal or shading effects with closely spaced parallel
lines. When more such lines are placed at an angle across the first, it is called cross-hatching. Artists
use this technique, varying the length, angle, closeness and other qualities of the lines, most
commonly in drawing, linear painting, engraving
Here is a value scale created with pen and ink. Use the pen and ink to practice making a value
scale underneath this.
stipple - Stipple is a drawing, painting, or engraving method employing dots rather than lines.
Stippled works can be produced with any of a variety of tools, including pencils, crayons, pens, and
brushes.
Create another value scale in the space provided using stippling.
Wash- A thin, translucent layer of pigment, usually watercolor or India ink. Often it is the
background of a picture, prepared using watery paint applied quickly using large, sweeping
brushstrokes. A wet area of wash can be made lighter by blotting.
Create another value scale, in the space provided, using the ink and create washes to thin down the
ink with water.
India ink or Indian ink - The name in the United States for black ink, the pigment made from
carbon — traditionally lampblack (derived from non-electric lamps). This ink is also used in solid
forms, mixed with a binding agent and molded into cakes or sticks. Such solid forms are often called
Chinese ink, Japanese ink, or sumi ink.
Aerial perspective/ Atmospheric Perspective - The perception of depth in nature can be enhanced
by the appearance of atmospheric haze. Although this haze is most commonly humidity (or
cloudiness), it could be rain or snow, smoke, or any other kind of vapor. Aerial perspective is the
portrayal of that atmospheric haze -- one means to adding to an illusion of depth in depicting space
on a flat surface. It is achieved by using less focus, along with bluer, lighter, and duller hues for the
distant spaces and objects depicted in a picture. Aerial perspective is also referred to as atmospheric
perspective.
Linear perspective - A system of drawing or painting in which the artist attempts to
create the illusion of spatial depth on a two-dimensional surface. It works by following
consistent geometric rules for rendering objects as they appear to the human eye. For
instance, we see parallel lines as converging in the distance, although in reality they do
not. Stated another way, the lines of buildings and other objects in a picture are slanted
inward making them appear to extend back into space. If lengthened these lines will
meet at a point along an imaginary horizontal line representing the eye level. Each such
imaginary line is called an orthogonal. The point at which such lines meet is called a
vanishing point.
India Ink Techniques:
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Apply washes to your paper 1st.
When using the pens always keep a piece of scrap paper next to your project to dab with. Practice a line before you draw it
on the scrap paper.
Practice textures on scrap paper before working directly on your good paper.
You can thin down ink with water to create grays.
You can change the tips of your pen to different sizes. Change these accordingly.
When cross-hatching try to make your lines as straight as possible. It will look sloppy if you don’t!!!! I have rulers please
use them.
One your finish an area of your drawing take your eraser and erase all pencil lines still showing.
If you make a mistake—this is permanent ink and there is no erasing BUT we can always find a way to fix mistakes. We can
draw over it, turn it into something else, etc..
Common Assessment -Art Rubric
There are ____possible points on this project.
Name__________________________________________________ Period_______________
All of the time
4
A majority of the time
3
Some of the time
2
Very little evidence
1
Daily Criteria- Process
Consistent work effort: Did the student work on a consistent daily basis?
Ability to listen/follow directions: Was the student quiet and respectful when the teacher was
talking/presenting information? Did the student follow spoken and written directions on a consistent daily basis?
Ability to work independently: Did the student work independently on a consistent daily basis?
Positive attitude/respect for peers: Did the student keep a positive attitude on a consistent
daily basis? Was the student polite and respectful to his or her classmates?
Clean-Up: Did the student clean up his or her supplies/work area on a consistent daily basis?
/20 points
Exemplary
8
Accomplished
6
Developing
4
Very little evidence
2
Project Benchmarks- Product
Student Growth/Comprehension: Did the student demonstrate an understanding of the major concepts outlined in
this project? Did the student apply this understanding to promote personal growth in his or her skills, ability, and
understanding? Did his or her finished project fulfill the assignment concept goals? Did the student draw a landscape
using pen and ink?
Artistic Integrity: Did the student create a finished product that contains original/creative/innovative ideas or
concepts? (The artwork should not be a copy of another work.) If the student was working from reference pictures,
did he/she combine qualities from several references to make the piece their own?
Visual Attraction/Complexity: Did the student create a finished product that initially attracts the viewer to want to
see more? Did the artist create a finished product that has conceptual depth/complexity that allows for a sustaining
interest on the part of the viewer? (interest comes from detail. Did the student create intricate shapes, add lots of
detail, surface texture, value-thru cross-hatching and stippling, etc?)
Composition/Mechanics: Did the student create a finished product that contains a dynamic composition based on the
proper application of the elements of art and principles of design? Is the piece balanced, does it have a focal point,
does the proper use of space (atmospheric perspective or linear perspective) move your eye through the piece?
Craftsmanship: Did the student use craftsmanship with his/her materials (no pencil lines-showing through, wrinkle
free paper, smudge marks erased)? Did the student show overall care for this piece or does it look sloppy?
No evidence
0
Points Earned
No evidence
0
Points Earned
Value: Did the student create value and interest using cross-hatching and stippling and other forms of line?
Media: Did the student get creative in using only lines to create surface texture?
Did the student use his/her medium well, using multiple techniques throughout the piece to create a realistic
landscape?
Did the student turn in his or her original rubric with the project?
Yes +4
No-4
Did the student turn in his or her project on time? Each day the assignment is late 10% will be deducted from the
grade. +4
Final Project Grade
72 total points