Table S1 Dates for when pines in general and more specifically, P. radiata, were introduced into some Southern Hemisphere countries. Dates
are also recorded for when the susceptible species P. radiata was extensively grown in plantations and when the first reports and epidemics of
Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) occurred.
Pines
introduced
P. radiata
introduced
Kenya
Extensive
plantations of P.
radiata
1945-1960 (1)
Tanzania
Malawi
Zimbabwe
South
Africa
1902 (3)
late 17th century
(1)
Chile
1928-1934
resumed again in
1955 (1)
1928-1934 (2)
resumed again in
1955 (1)
First reports of DNB
1964 (3)
1) Lavery & Mead 1998; 2) Gibson
1972; 3) Gibson et al 1964
1957 -young P. radiata
Tanganyika (Tanzania)
(1)
1940's on P. radiata (1)
1960 (1)
1) Gibson 1972
1962 (1)
1) Gibson 1972; 2) Lavery & Mead
1998
Middle 1930's on P.
radiata (4)
1962 (1)
1) Gibson 1972; 2) Lavery & Mead
1998; 3) Poynton 1977 4) Barnes
1970
1984 increased
occurrence (4,
5)
1964 - 1965 (2)
1) Poynton 1977; 2) Lavery &
Mead 1998; 3) Gibson 1972; 4)
Lundquist 1987; 5) Ivory 1994
1966 (5)
1) Richardson & Higgins 1998; 2)
Hirst et al 1999; 3) Lavery & Mead
1998; 4) Gilmour 1967; 5) Gibson
1972
1) Richardson & Higgins 1998; 2)
Lavery & Mead 1998; 3) Edwards
& Walker 1978
1884 (2)
1965 on P. canariensis
(3)
1885 (1)
1940's (1)
1957 on P. radiata (2)
1962 on P. attenuata x
P. radiata but probably
present since late 1950's
(4)
1975 on P. radiata (3)
shortly before
1830 (1)
1859 (2)
1870's (3)
Australia
1770's with
British
colonization (1)
1857 (1)
1875 (2)
References
1960 on P. radiata (from
Tanzania) (2)
1850 (2)
New
Zealand
Epidemics of
DNB
1977 (3)
1) Toro & Gessel 1999; 2) Gibson
1972
Barnes RD (1970) The prospects for re-establishing Pinus radiata as a commercially important species in Rhodesia. South African Forestry
Journal, 72, 17-19.
Edwards DW, Walker J (1978) Dothistroma needle blight in Australia. Australian Forest Research, 8, 125-137.
Gibson IAS (1972) Dothistroma blight of Pinus radiata. Annual review of Phytopathology, 10, 51-72.
Gibson IAS, Christiansen P, Munga F (1964) First observations in Kenya on a foliage disease of pines caused by Dothistroma pini Hulbary.
Commonwealth Forest Review, 45, 67-76.
Gilmour JW (1967) Distribution and significance of the needle blight of pines caused by Dothistroma pini in New Zealand. Plant Disease
Reporter, 51, 727-730.
Hirst P, Richardson TE, Carson SD, Bradshaw RE (1999) Dothistroma pini genetic diversity is low in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of
Forest Science 29, 459-472.
Ivory MH (1994) Records of foliage pathogens of Pinus species in tropical countries. Plant Pathology, 43, 511-518.
Lavery PB, Mead DJ (1998) Pinus radiata: a narrow endemic from North America takes on the world. In: Ecology and biogeography of Pinus
(Richardson DM, ed) pp 432-449. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Lundquist JE (1987) Fungi associated with Pinus in South Africa. Part II. The Cape. South African Forestry Journal, 140, 4-15.
Poynton RJ (1977) Tree planting in Southern Africa. Vol. 1 The Pines. South African Forestry Research Institute.
Richardson DM, Higgins SI (1998) Pines as invaders in the southern hemisphere. In: Ecology and biogeography of Pinus (Richardson DM, ed.)
pp 450-473. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Toro J, Gessel SP (1999) Radiata pine plantations in Chile. New Forests, 18, 33-44.