Table S5. Previous studies documenting a genetic basis to traits in Trinidadian guppies Trait Color Male life history (age and size at maturity) Female life history (age and size at first parturition, interbrood interval, fecundity, reproductive allocation) Body shape/swimming performance Citation Endler 1980; Brooks & Endler 2001; Tripathi et al. 2009; Handelsman & Fitzpatrick, unpublished Reznick 1982; Reznick & Bryga 1996; Torres-Dowdall et al. 2012; Handelsman & Fitzpatrick, unpublished Reznick 1982; Reznick & Bryga 1996; Torres-Dowdall et al. 2012a; Handelsman & Fitzpatrick, unpublished O’Steen et al. 2002; Ghalambor et al. 2004; Torres-Dowdall et al. 2012a; Handelsman & Fitzpatrick, unpublished References 1. Brooks, R. & Endler, J.A. (2001). Direct and indirect sexual selection and quantitative genetics of male traits in guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Evolution, 55, 1002–1015. 2. Endler, J.A. (1980). Natural selection on color patterns in Poecilia reticulata. Evolution, 34, 76–91. 3. Ghalambor, C.K., Reznick, D.N. & Walker, J.A. (2004). Constraints on adaptive evolution: the functional trade-off between reproduction and fast-start swimming performance in the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Am. Nat., 164, 38–50. 4. O’Steen, S., Cullum, A.J. & Bennett, A.F. (2002). Rapid evolution of escape ability in trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Evolution, 56, 776–784. 5. Reznick, D. (1982). The impact of predation on life history evolution in Trinidadian guppies: genetic basis of observed life history patterns. Evolution, 36, 1236–1250. 6. Reznick, D.N. & Bryga, H.A. (1996). Life-history evolution in guppies (Poecilia reticulata: Poeciliidae). V. Genetic basis of parallelism in life histories. Am. Nat., 147, 339–359. 7. Torres-Dowdall, J., Handelsman, C. a., Ruell, E.W., Auer, S.K., Reznick, D.N. & Ghalambor, C.K. (2012a). Fine-scale local adaptation in life histories along a continuous environmental gradient in Trinidadian guppies. Funct. Ecol., 26, 616–627. 8. Torres-Dowdall, J., Handelsman, C., Reznick, D.N. & Ghalambor, C.K. (2012b). Local adaptation and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Evolution, 66, 3432–3443. 9. Tripathi, N., Hoffmann, M., Willing, E., Lanz, C., Weigel, D. & Dreyer, C. (2009). Genetic linkage map of the guppy, Poecilia reticulata, and quantitative trait loci analysis of male size and colour variation. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci., 276, 2195–2208.