Online Appendix Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium Organization MVARC Physician Members William T. Abraham, MD, David H. Adams, MD, Stefan Anker, MD, PHD, Michael Argenziano, MD, Helmut Baumgartner, MD, Jeroen J. Bax, MD, PHD, Eugene H. Blackstone, MD, Steven F. Bolling, MD, Robert O. Bonow, MD, Jeffrey S. Borer, MD, J. Matthew Brennan, MD, MPH, Donald E. Cutlip, MD, Robert A. Dion, MD, PHD, Ted E. Feldman, MD, Gerasimos Filippatos, MD, Philippe Généreux, MD, Paul A. Grayburn, MD, Stuart J. Head, PHD, Arie Pieter Kappetein, MD, PHD, Mitchell W. Krucoff, MD, Karl-Heinz Kuck, MD, Patrizio Lancellotti, MD, PHD, Martin B. Leon, MD, JoAnn Lindenfeld, MD, Michael J. Mack, MD, Patrick M. McCarthy, MD, Roxana Mehran, MD, Nicolo Piazza, MD, PHD, Maurice EnriquezSarano, MD, Joachim Schofer, MD, Allan Schwartz, MD, Robert J. Siegel, MD, Gregg W. Stone, MD, Alec S. Vahanian, MD, Pascal Vranckx, MD, PHD Dr. Anker has received grants and personal fees from Abbott Vascular; and has received personal fees from Sorin. Dr. Baumgartner has received support for travel to scientific meetings from Abbott Vascular. Dr. Blackstone has received grants from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Bolling has received intellectual property/royalties from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Borer has served as a consultant for Amgen, ARMGO, BioMarin, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Cleveland Biolabs, JenaValve, Salix, Sanofi, and Servier; and serves as a committee member for Cardiorentis, Celladon, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Novartis, Pfizer, Somahlution, and Takeda USA. Dr. Dion has received grants from Edwards Lifesciences, Johnson & Johnson, Sorin Biomedica, and St. Jude Medical; has received personal fees from Edwards Lifesciences and Sorin Biomedica; and has received nonfinancial support from Edwards Lifesciences, Sorin Biomedica, and St. Jude Medical. Dr. Feldman has received grants and personal fees from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Grayburn has served as a consultant for Abbott Vascular, Bracco Diagnostics, and Tendyne Holdings; has received grants from Abbott Vascular, Edwards Lifesciences, Guided Delivery Systems, Medtronic, Tendyne Holdings, and Valtech Cardio; and has received personal fees from Abbott Vascular, Bracco Diagnostics, and Tendyne Holdings. Dr. Krucoff has received grants from, served as a consultant to, and received personal fees from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic. Dr. Lindenfeld has received personal fees from Abbott Vascular, Boston Scientific, Cardiokinetix, Pfizer, Relypsa, Sorin, and St. Jude. Dr. Mack has served as a coprincipal investigator of trials on transcatheter mitral valve replacement and MitraClip therapy. Dr. McCarthy has served as a consultant for Abbott Vascular, Edwards Lifesciences, and MiCardia; and has a patent with Edwards Lifesciences with royalties paid. MVARC Coordinating Chairmen William T. Abraham, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; David H. Adams, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York; Gerasimos Filippatos, Athens University Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece; Arie Pieter Kappetein, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Gregg W. Stone, Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Alec S. Vahanian, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France. Writing Group Chairs William T. Abraham, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; David H. Adams, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York; Eugene H. Blackstone, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Steven F. Bolling, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Jeffrey S. Borer, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Jeroen J. Bax, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands; Donald E. Cutlip, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Philippe Généreux, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada and Cardiovascular Research Foundation New York, New York; Arie Pieter Kappetein, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Karl-Heinz Kuck, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany; Martin B. Leon, Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Roxana Mehran, Mount Sinai Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Nicolo Piazza, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada; Joachim Schofer, Hamburg University Cardiovascular Center, Hamburg, Germany; Gregg W. Stone, Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Alec S. Vahanian, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France; Pascal Vranckx, Hartcentrum Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium. Physician Participants William T. Abraham, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; David H. Adams, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York; Stefan Anker, Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany Michael Argenziano, Columbia University Medical Center/New YorkPresbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; Helmut Baumgartner, Universitaetsklinikum Muenster, Muen, Germany; Jeroen J. Bax, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands; Eugene H. Blackstone, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Steven F. Bolling, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Robert O. Bonow, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Jeffrey S. Borer, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; J. Matthew Brennan, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Donald E. Cutlip, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Robert A. Dion, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Ted E. Feldman, Evanston Hospital, Evanston, Illinois; Gerasimos Filippatos, Athens University Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece; Philippe Généreux, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Canada and Cardiovascular Research Foundation New York, New York; Paul A. Grayburn, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Stuart J. Head, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Arie Pieter Kappetein, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Mitchell W. Krucoff, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Karl-Heinz Kuck, Asklepios Hospital St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany; Patrizio Lancellotti, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Martin B. Leon, Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; JoAnn Lindenfeld, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado; Michael J. Mack, The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, Texas; Patrick M. McCarthy, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Roxana Mehran, Mount Sinai Medical Center and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Nicolo Piazza, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada; Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Joachim Schofer, Hamburg University Cardiovascular Center, Hamburg, Germany; Allan Schwartz, Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; Robert J. Siegel, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Gregg W. Stone, Columbia University Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Alec S. Vahanian, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France; Pascal Vranckx, Hartcentrum Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium. Participating Academic Research Organizations Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York (administrative lead; Roxana Mehran, Philippe Généreux, Dominic P. Francese, Monique Sylvester, Denise Tong, Colleen Whelan, Johnnie White, Lisa Hathaway, Tara Donegan, Jason Kahn, Fun Lee, Caitlin Cox); Cardialysis, Rotterdam, Netherlands (Nicolo Piazza, Stuart J. Head); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina (Mitchell W. Krucoff, J. Matthew Brennan); Harvard Clinical Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts (Donald E. Cutlip) U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health (advisory role) Industry Sponsors Abbott Vascular, Menlo Park, California; Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Massachusetts; Cardiac Dimensions, Kirkland, Washington; Cordis, Warren, New Jersey; Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California; Guided Delivery Systems Inc., Santa Clara, California; Mitralign, Tewksbury, Massachusetts; Medtronic, Santa Rosa, California; Valtech, Tel Aviv, Israel