Final Exam Topics
Properties: quantitative, qualitative, intensive, extensive, physical, chemical, endothermic and exothermic
Changes: physical, chemical, nuclear equations, phase changes and phase diagrams, heating/cooling curves
Atomic structure: Theories, Bohr model and form of energy emitted when electrons fall from one energy level
to another, atomic number, atomic mass, mass number, number of electrons, protons and
neutrons in an atom, nuclear symbols, hyphen notations isotopes and ions
Nuclear equations: alpha, beta and gamma decay, half-life calculations
Chemical Reactions: types, balancing equations, stoichiometry, indicators of a chemical reaction, overall ionic
equations and net ionic equations
Nomenclature: naming covalent and ionic compounds, writing formulas of covalent and ionic compounds
Bonding: ionic and covalent bonding, polar or nonpolar covalent bonds, molecular geometry, overall
polarity of the molecule, Lewis dot models of bonded atoms, intermolecular forces
Conversions: SI prefixes, molar mass and Avogadro’s number pressure units, molar volume at STP
Periodic Table: periodic property trends; metals, nonmetals and metalloids; blocks, family names
Electron “addresses”: complete electron configurations, noble gas configurations, Lewis dot models,
orbital notations, valence electrons
Solubility: molarity calculations, dilution problems, solubility curves
Acid/base chemistry: characteristics; pH, pOH, [H+] and [OH-] calculations; indicators; conjugate acid and conjugate
base
Scientific Method: steps, independent variable, dependent variable, constant, control, graphing
Lab safety
General calculations: percent composition, percent error, empirical formulas, molecular
formulas, stoichiometry
Equilibrium: application of LeChatlier’s principle in predicting “shifts” and equilibrium constant equation
Diagrams: potential energy, heating/cooling curves, phase diagrams
Gas Laws: Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, combined gas law, ideal gas equation
Definitions for all terms used in chemistry throughout the semester.