A&P 1
Russo
Exam II
Match the regeneration capacity of the following tissues:
A) Weak regenerative ability
B) Moderate regenerative ability
C) Regenerates extremely well
D) Virtually no functional regenerative ability
E) Moderate regenerative ability.
1) Smooth muscle.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 141
2) Skeletal muscle.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 141
3) Cardiac muscle.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 141
4) Areolar connective tissue.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 141
5) Tendons and ligaments.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 141
Answers: 1) E 2) A 3) D 4) C 5) B
T/F
6) Goblet cells are found with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 119
7) Epithelial tissues always exhibit polarity; that is, they have a free surface and a basal
surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 115
8) Simple cuboidal epithelia are usually associated with secretion and absorption.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 117
9) Depending on the functional state of the bladder, transitional epithelium may resemble
stratified squamous or stratified cuboidal epithelium.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 121
10) Stratified cuboidal epithelium is moderately rare in the body and found only in the
pharynx, larynx, and anorectal junction.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 119
Multiple Choice
11) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium ________.
A) lines the respiratory tract
B) aids in digestion
C) possesses no goblet cells
D) is not an epithelial classification
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 119
12) Which of the following is a single-celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of
serous membranes?
A) simple transitional
B) simple columnar
C) simple squamous
D) simple cuboidal
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 117
13) In adults, new surface epithelial cells and the epithelial cells lining the intestine are
derived from _________.
A) mitotic division of existing epithelial cells
B) stem cells
C) underlying epithelial cells
D) components of the connective tissue
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 144
T/F
14) The most dangerous skin cancer is cancer of the melanocytes.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 163
15) The skin is not able to receive stimuli because the cells of the epidermis are not living
and therefore there are no sensory receptors in the skin.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 161
16) When an individual is exposed to extremely low air temperatures, the dermal blood
vessels will dilate so that blood and heat will be dissipated.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 161
Multiple Choice
17) Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.
A) Most tumors that arise on the skin are malignant.
B) Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the stratum corneum.
C) Basal cell carcinomas are the least common but most malignant.
D) Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 162
18) Which of the following cutaneous receptors is specialized for the reception of touch
or light pressure?
A) Meissner's corpuscles
B) Pacinian corpuscles
C) free nerve endings
D) Krause's end bulbs
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 161
19) Vernix caseosa is a ________.
A) substance contributing to acne during adolescence
B) whitish material produced by fetal sebaceous glands
C) coat of fine, downy hair on the heads of balding men
D) cheesy-looking sudoriferous secretion on the skin of newborns
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 165
20) Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow
rapidly and metastasize?
A) Melanoma
B) Squamous cell carcinoma
C) Basal cell carcinoma
D) Adenoma
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 163
Match the following:
A) Osteomalacia
B) Paget's disease
C) Osteoporosis
21) Bones are porous and thin but bone composition is normal.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 189-191
22) Bone formed is poorly mineralized and soft. Deforms on weight bearing.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 189
23) Abnormal bone formation and reabsorption.
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 191
Answers: 12) C 13) A 14) B
Match the following:
A) Comminuted
B) Spiral
C) Greenstick
24) An incomplete fracture or cracking of the bone without actual separation of the parts.
Common in children.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 190; Tbl. 6.2
25) Bone fragments into many pieces.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 190; Tbl. 6.2
26) Common sports fracture resulting from a twisting force.
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 190; Tbl. 6.2
Answers: 15) C 16) A 17) B
T/F
27) All bones formed by intramembranous ossification are irregular bones.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 182
28) Bone tissue in the skeleton of a human fetus is completely formed at six months'
gestation.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 194
29 Closure of the epiphyseal plate stops all bone growth.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 185
Multiple Choice
30) What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?
A) elastic connective tissue
B) dense fibrous connective tissue
C) fibrocartilage
D) hyaline cartilage
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 182
31) What can a deficiency of growth hormone during bone formation cause?
A) inadequate calcification of bone
B) decreased osteoclast activity
C) decreased proliferation of the epiphyseal plate cartilage
D) increased osteoclast activity
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 185
32) Factors in preventing (or delaying) osteoporosis include ________.
A) drinking fluoridated water
B) decreasing weight-bearing exercise
C) increasing dietary vitamin C
D) decreasing exposure to the sun
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 191
33) Ossification of the ends of long bones ________.
A) is a characteristic of intramembranous bone formation
B) involves medullary cavity formation
C) is produced by secondary ossification centers
D) takes twice as long as diaphysis
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 184
34) Which structure allows the diaphysis of the bone to increase in length until early
childhood, as well as shaping the articular surfaces?
A) lacunae
B) Haversian system
C) epiphyseal plate
D) epiphyseal line
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 184-185
35) For intramembranous ossification to take place, which of the following is necessary?
A) A bone collar forms around the cartilage model.
B) An ossification center forms in the fibrous connective tissue.
C) The cartilage matrix begins to deteriorate.
D) A medullary cavity forms.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 182; Fig. 6.8
36) The process of bones increasing in width is known as ________.
A) closing of the epiphyseal plate
B) long bones reaching adult length and width
C) appositional growth
D) concentric growth
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 185
37) Bones are constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons. Which of the
following cells accomplishes this process?
A) osteoclast
B) osteocyte
C) osteoblast
D) stem cell
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 186
38) Which hormone increases osteoclast activity to release more calcium ions into the
bloodstream?
A) calcitonin
B) thyroxine
C) parathyroid hormone
D) estrogen
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 186
39) The universal loss of mass seen in the skeleton, which begins about the age of 40,
________.
A) is slower in females than in males
B) is absolutely uniform throughout the skeleton
C) reflects incomplete osteon formation and mineralization
D) is greater in African Americans than in Northern Europeans
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 194
40) Wolff's law is concerned with ________.
A) vertical growth of bones being dependent on age
B) the thickness and shape of a bone being dependent on stresses placed upon it
C) the function of bone being dependent on shape
D) the diameter of the bone being dependent on the ratio of osteoblasts to osteoclasts
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 187
41) Cranial bones develop ________.
A) from cartilage models
B) within fibrous membranes
C) from a tendon
D) within osseous membranes
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 182
42) Growth of bones is controlled by a symphony of hormones. Which hormone is
important for bone growth during infancy and childhood?
A) thyroid hormone
B) somatomedins
C) growth hormone
D) prolactin
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 185
43) In some cases the epiphyseal plate of the long bones of children closes too early.
What might be the cause?
A) overproduction of thyroid hormone
B) elevated levels of sex hormones
C) too much vitamin D in the diet
D) osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 185
Fill in the blank
44) ________ growth is growth in the diameter of long bones.
Answer: Appositional
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 185
45) A long bone forms by a process known as ________ ossification.
Answer: endochondral
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 183
46) ________ is a disease of the bone in which bone reabsorption outpaces bone deposit,
leaving the person with thin and often very fragile bones.
Answer: Osteoporosis
Diff: 1
Page Ref: 189-191
Match (place number next to structure)
47. frontal bone 8
48. ethmoid bone 3
49. mandible 16
50. maxilla 20
51. zygomatic process of temporal bone 38
52. zygomatic bone 37
53. parietal bone 28
54. occipital bone 24
55. lacrimal bone 15
Match (place letter next to number)
56. acromion a
57. spine h
58. coracoid process b
59. suprascapular notch k
Match (place letter next to number)
60. pubic symphysis i
61. Acetabulum a
62. Iliac crest d
Match (place letter next to number)
63. radius g
64. tibia e
65. ulna f
66. sternum h
67. femur d
68. clavicle a
69. humerus b
70. phalanges c
Extra Credit (1 point each)
1) Select the correct statement regarding factors that affect the tissue repair process.
A) The type of tissue injured is not an important factor.
B) Nutrition does not seem to influence tissue repair.
C) The age of the person is a factor in the repair process.
D) The health of an individual does not seem to make any difference in the speed of
repair.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 138-141
2) ________ is an inherited condition that affects the heme pathway; it leaves the skin
scarred and gums degenerated, and may have led to the folklore about vampires.
A) Porphyria
B) Decubitus ulcer
C) Impetigo
D) Rosacea
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: 168
3) Although the integument is a covering, it is by no means simple, and some of its
functions include ________.
A) the dermis providing the major mechanical barrier to chemicals, water, and other
external substances
B) resident macrophage-like cells whose function is to ingest antigenic invaders and
present them to the immune system
C) cooling the body by increasing the action of sebaceous glands during high-temperature
conditions
D) epidermal blood vessels serving as a blood reservoir
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 161
4) Normal bone formation and growth are dependent on the adequate intake of ________.
A) calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D
B) potassium, phosphate, and vitamin D
C) sodium, calcium, and vitamin E
D) vitamin D, phosphate, and chloride
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 186
5) Inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in
which tissue?
A) simple squamous
B) transitional
C) simple columnar
D) stratified squamous
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: 117-118